India’s First Butterfly Sanctuary Inaugurated in Kerala’s Aralam Forest

In a significant stride towards biodiversity conservation, Kerala has become home to India’s first butterfly sanctuary. The Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary in Kannur district has officially been renamed the Aralam Butterfly Sanctuary, marking a first-of-its-kind move in the country. Spanning 55 sq. km in the lush Western Ghats, the sanctuary now serves as a dedicated refuge for over 266 butterfly species, including several rare and endangered ones.

Why in News?

On June 18, 2025, the Kerala State Wildlife Board announced the renaming of Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary as India’s first butterfly sanctuary, following 25 years of conservation efforts, surveys, and advocacy by researchers, forest officials, and environmental groups.

Key Objectives & Aim

• To provide a protected habitat for butterflies and safeguard their migration corridors.
• To boost awareness about butterfly conservation.
• To promote eco-tourism and research, benefiting both local communities and scientists.

Highlights of the Sanctuary

• Location: Kannur district, Kerala, within the Western Ghats.
• Size: 55 square kilometres.
• Habitat Type: Tropical and semi-evergreen forests.
• Butterfly Species Count: 266+, accounting for over 80% of Kerala’s butterfly diversity.
• Rare Sightings: Common Albatross, Danaine species, and several endemic butterflies.
• Seasonal Migration: Peak butterfly migration occurs between December and February.

Background & Research

• Established in 1984, Aralam has long attracted researchers and wildlife enthusiasts.
• Annual Butterfly Surveys have been conducted for over 20 years in partnership with the Malabar Natural History Society.
• The Butterfly Migration Study, held every January or February, is a major research and tourist attraction.

Conservation Significance

• Offers protection to endangered and endemic butterfly species.
• Encourages scientific discovery – new species are still being identified.
• Ensures ecological balance, as butterflies are essential pollinators.
• Strengthens funding opportunities and conservation policies with its new official status.