India’s Nuclear Energy Roadmap: Achieving 1 Lakh MW by 2047

In line with its ambitions for a sustainable energy future, India aims to ramp up its nuclear power production significantly, targeting a capacity of 1 lakh MW by 2047. This objective, outlined in a report titled ‘Synchronising Energy Transitions Towards Possible Net Zero for India: Affordable and Clean Energy for All,’ highlights the nation’s commitment to expanding its nuclear energy sector.

Vision for Amrit Kaal: Department of Atomic Energy’s Strategy

The Department of Atomic Energy is charting a vision document for ‘Amrit Kaal,’ outlining plans to achieve a nuclear capacity of approximately 100 GW by 2047. This roadmap involves leveraging various types of reactors and fostering international collaboration to meet energy demands sustainably.

Diverse Nuclear Technologies: Key Contributors to the Target

Breeder reactors, light water reactors, and pressurized heavy water reactors constitute the backbone of India’s nuclear energy expansion strategy. Breeder reactors are poised to contribute 3 GW of nuclear power, while international cooperation will facilitate the deployment of 17.6 GW of light water reactors. Additionally, pressurized heavy water reactors are expected to contribute significantly, with an estimated 40-45 GW of power generation.

Recommendations for Energy Transition

The report underscores the necessity of infrastructure development to support alternative energy sources and advocates for a flexible grid to accommodate renewable energy expansion. Additionally, it suggests exploring carbon dioxide removal technologies as a contingency plan if coal dependency persists, emphasizing the importance of mitigating carbon emissions in India’s energy transition.

Understanding Nuclear Energy: Types of Reactors

Nuclear energy derives from atom cores through fission, a process of splitting nuclei. India predominantly utilizes pressurized water reactors (PWRs), boiling water reactors (BWRs), and pressurized heavy water reactors (PHWRs) for power generation. Each reactor type offers distinct advantages and applications in India’s nuclear energy landscape.