The Birla Planetarium, also known as the M. P. Birla Planetarium, is a remarkable single-storeyed circular structure in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Designed in a traditional Indian style with architecture inspired by the Buddhist Stupa at Sanchi, this planetarium stands as the largest in Asia and the second largest in the world. It is located at Chowringhee Road, near the Victoria Memorial, St. Paul’s Cathedral, and the Maidan in Central Kolkata. Opened in 1963, it has become a key destination for astronomical education and exploration.
Inaugurated on July 2, 1963, by India’s first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, the Birla Planetarium has played an important role in spreading knowledge about astronomy, space science, and astrophysics. Often called “Taramandal” (the world of stars), it was constructed by M. L. Dalmiya & Co. The planetarium houses an electronics laboratory for science equipment design and a gallery filled with celestial models and paintings of renowned astronomers.
The Birla Planetarium, the largest in India, is located at No. 96, Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata, West Bengal. Situated near notable landmarks like the Victoria Memorial and St. Paul’s Cathedral, it offers easy access for visitors exploring the rich cultural and historical heritage of the city.
The structure of the Birla Planetarium is based on the Buddhist Stupa, which gives it a unique design in comparison to other planetariums around the world. Its circular design enhances the experience of the astronomy shows presented in the dome.
In 2017, the planetarium underwent a major upgrade, introducing state-of-the-art technology like the hybrid projection system, which blends optical and digital projections. This allows for clearer visuals, 3D effects, and more detailed astronomical simulations, offering visitors a realistic experience of the night sky.
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