MNRE Launches India’s First National Geothermal Energy Policy

In a landmark step towards expanding India’s clean energy portfolio, the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has launched the National Geothermal Energy Policy. This is India’s first policy dedicated to harnessing geothermal energy — a renewable energy source derived from the Earth’s internal heat.

The initiative is a significant push towards Net Zero emissions, enhancing energy security, and promoting clean energy innovation. For competitive exam aspirants, this policy is crucial under topics such as environment, energy sector, climate goals, and government initiatives.

What is Geothermal Energy?

Geothermal energy is the heat stored beneath the Earth’s surface. It can be used for electricity generation, heating and cooling systems, greenhouse agriculture, and even desalination. Unlike solar or wind, geothermal energy offers 24×7 availability, making it a reliable renewable source.

Highlights of the National Geothermal Energy Policy

The newly launched policy aims to consolidate efforts, encourage research and development, and establish a framework for both public and private sector participation in geothermal energy projects.

Key Provisions:

• Regulatory Role: The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) will serve as the central body for regulation and development.
• Collaboration Focus: Emphasis on inter-ministerial coordination, joint ventures, and global partnerships.
• Technological Development: Support for hybrid systems (e.g., geothermal + solar), advanced R&D, and repurposing of abandoned oil wells for geothermal extraction.
• Public-Private Ecosystem: The policy promotes a robust ecosystem involving startups, research institutions, and industry players.
• Encouraging Local Innovation: Incentives for indigenous technologies, pilot projects, and academic-industry linkages and Identified Geothermal Provinces in India

India has mapped out ten geothermal provinces with high thermal potential,

• Himalayas
• Cambay Basin
• Aravalli Range
• Mahanadi Basin
• Godavari Basin

Additional areas include Sohana, West Coast, Son-Narmada-Tapti, and South India Cratons

• Geothermal Potential: India’s estimated geothermal capacity stands at approximately 10 Gigawatt (GW).

Static Facts to Remember

• Policy Name: National Geothermal Energy Policy
• Launched by: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE)
• Policy Goal: Promote use of geothermal energy across sectors
• Estimated Potential: 10 GW
• Identified Provinces: Himalayas, Cambay, Aravalli, Mahanadi, Godavari, etc.