India is a linguistically diverse country with numerous languages spoken across its states and union territories. Each state and union territory has its own set of official languages used in government affairs and administration. This article provides a comprehensive list of the official languages for each Indian state and union territory.
India, renowned for its linguistic diversity, is home to a staggering 121 languages and 270 mother tongues. Reflecting this rich linguistic landscape, states and union territories in India have the autonomy to select their own official languages through legislation.
The Indian Constitution designates two Official Languages for the entire country: Hindi and English. Additionally, it recognizes 22 Scheduled Languages listed in the Eighth Schedule, which serve to facilitate effective communication and administration across various regions.
India’s linguistic diversity is reflected in its states and union territories, each with its own set of official languages. While Hindi and English serve as national official languages, 22 Scheduled Languages are recognized for regional and administrative use.
Here is the complete list of official languages of Indian States and Union Territories:
| States | Languages | Capital |
| Andhra Pradesh | Telugu | Hyderabad/ Amravati |
| Arunachal Pradesh | English | Itanagar |
| Assam | Assamese | Dispur |
| Bihar | Hindi | Patna |
| Chhattisgarh | Hindi | Raipur |
| Goa | Konkani | Panaji |
| Gujarat | Gujarati | Gandhinagar |
| Haryana | Hindi | Chandigarh |
| Himachal Pradesh | Hindi | Shimla |
| Jharkhand | Hindi | Ranchi |
| Karnataka | Kannada | Bangalore |
| Kerala | Malayalam | Trivandrum |
| Madhya Pradesh | Hindi | Bhopal |
| Manipur | Meiteilon (Manipuri) | Imphal |
| Meghalaya | English | Shillong |
| Mizoram | Mizo, English & Hindi | Aizawl |
| Nagaland | English | Kohima |
| Odisha | Odia | Bhubaneshwar |
| Punjab | Punjabi | Chandigarh |
| Rajasthan | Hindi | Jaipur |
| Sikkim | English | Gangtok |
| Tamil Nadu | Tamil | Chennai |
| Telangana | Telugu & Urdu | Hyderabad |
| Tripura | Bengali, English & Kokborok | Agartala |
| Uttar Pradesh | Hindi | Lucknow |
| Uttarakhand | Hindi | Dehradun |
| West Bengal | Bengali | Kolkata |
| Official Languages of Union Territories | ||
| Union Territories | Languages | Capital |
| Andaman & Nicobar Island | Hindi & English | Port Blair |
| Chandigarh | English | Chandigarh |
| Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu | Gujarati, Marathi, Konkani & Hindi | Daman |
| Jammu and Kashmir | Kashmiri, Dogri, English, Hindi, Urdu | Srinagar (Summer capital), Jammu (Winter capital) |
| Delhi | Hindi | Delhi |
| Ladakh | Ladakhi, Purgi, Hindi, English | Leh, Kargil |
| Lakshadweep | Malayalam & English | Kavaratti |
| Pondicherry | Tamil | Pondicherry |
The Daily Current Affairs Quiz which keeps you updated with the current events happening all…
Traffic congestion is a serious problem in many Asian cities, affecting millions of people every…
Uttar Pradesh is a state rich in culture, history, and religious significance. Among its many…
Many countries around the world have unique nicknames that reflect their culture, history, or geography.…
The World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims (WDR) is observed on the third…
On the occasion of the inauguration of Symbiosis International University’s first international campus at Dubai…