UN Climate Change Conference COP 29 in Baku, November 2024

The 2024 UN Climate Change Conference (COP 29) will be held in Baku, Azerbaijan, in November 2024. This pivotal event will address crucial issues such as the enhanced transparency framework, the collective quantified goal on finance, and the next round of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).

Alongside COP 29, other significant meetings will take place, including the 19th session of the Kyoto Protocol (CMP 19), the sixth session of the Paris Agreement (CMA 6), and the 61st sessions of the Subsidiary Bodies for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA 61) and Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI 61). The summit aims to push the climate agenda forward by focusing on achieving the 1.5°C target, ensuring climate transitions, and securing robust support for NDCs.

Key Themes and Pillars of COP 29 Presidency

Azerbaijan’s COP 29 Presidency, led by Minister Mukhtar Babayev, has outlined a bold vision under the theme “In Solidarity for a Green World.” This vision focuses on two primary pillars:

Enhancing Ambition – Fostering greater international cooperation to boost climate action in line with the 1.5°C goal.

Enabling Action – Ensuring the necessary financial and technical support is in place for effective NDC implementation.

Roadmap to Mission 1.5°C

In March 2024, a letter was sent by the Presidencies of COP 28 (UAE), COP 29 (Azerbaijan), and COP 30 (Brazil), outlining a ‘Roadmap to Mission 1.5°C.’ The roadmap aims to significantly ramp up global cooperation to enhance ambition in the next round of NDCs. High-level political meetings will be held, including the Germany-hosted Petersberg Climate Dialogue and a special session during COP 29, to address barriers to NDC development and ensure that the international community supports climate transitions.

Strategic Support for NDC Development

The Presidencies emphasize the need for targeted financial and political support to ensure that NDCs can deliver on climate goals. Discussions will focus on the quantity and quality of resources required to help countries achieve their climate targets. The G20 and other platforms will play a vital role in channeling existing knowledge and resources toward ambitious NDC development.

Key points about COP (Conference of the Parties)

Key Point	Details
What is COP?	COP (Conference of the Parties) is the supreme decision-making body of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
Purpose of COP	To review the implementation of the UNFCCC, negotiate and adopt policies to combat climate change, and set global climate goals.
When is COP held?	COP is held annually, with each session hosted by a different country.
COP 29 Date	COP 29 will be held in November 2024.
COP 29 Location	The conference will be hosted in Baku, Azerbaijan.
Previous COP Sessions	COP 28 was held in 2023 in the UAE, and COP 27 was held in 2022 in Egypt.
Key Agenda Items at COP	Includes discussing Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), climate finance, transparency framework, and mitigation strategies.
Important Achievements	The Paris Agreement (COP 21) and the Kyoto Protocol (COP 3) were adopted at previous COP sessions.
COP 30	Scheduled for 2025, to be hosted by Brazil.

Summery of the news

Why in News	Key Points
UN Climate Change Conference COP 29 in Baku, Nov 2024	COP 29 to be hosted in Baku, Azerbaijan, in November 2024.
Key Events at COP 29	Includes COP 29 (Conference of the Parties), CMP 19 (Kyoto Protocol), CMA 6 (Paris Agreement), and meetings of SBSTA 61 and SBI 61.
Primary Focus of COP 29	Completion of enhanced transparency framework, new collective quantified finance goal, next round of Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs).
Key Theme of COP 29 Presidency	“In Solidarity for a Green World” – focuses on enhancing ambition and enabling action to achieve climate goals.
Azerbaijan COP 29 Presidency Vision	Led by Mukhtar Babayev, Azerbaijan’s Minister of Ecology and Natural Resources, emphasizes global cooperation for climate action.
Roadmap to Mission 1.5°C	Aimed at enhancing international cooperation for the next round of NDCs, with emphasis on barriers and support for just climate transitions.
March 2024 Letter on Roadmap to Mission 1.5°C	Sent by COP 28 (UAE), COP 29 (Azerbaijan), and COP 30 (Brazil) presidencies. Addresses the need for robust financial and technical support for NDCs.
Key Global Forums for NDC Development	Discussions in forums like the G20, Petersberg Climate Dialogue, and UNGA will be used to channel resources and knowledge for NDC development.
Timeline for Next NDCs	The next round of NDCs is due in 2025, which will be discussed at COP 29.