Unsung Heroes of Freedom Struggle: Lakshmi Sahgal

Lakshmi Sahgal, popularly known as Captain Lakshmi, was a prominent figure in the Indian independence movement and a key leader in the Indian National Army (INA). Born on October 24, 1914, in the Malabar District of British India (now Kerala), she became a revolutionary, a dedicated medical practitioner, and a staunch advocate for women’s rights. Her contributions to the struggle for India’s independence and her later activism made her a respected figure in Indian history.

Early Life of Lakshmi Sahgal

Captain Lakshmi was born into an aristocratic Nair family known as the “Vadakkath” family. Her father, S. Swaminathan, was a criminal lawyer, and her mother, Ammu Swaminathan, was a social worker and independence activist. Lakshmi pursued her education at Queen Mary’s College and later at Madras Medical College, where she earned her MBBS degree in 1938. After completing a diploma in gynecology and obstetrics, she worked as a doctor at the Government Kasturba Gandhi Hospital in Chennai.

Involvement with the Indian National Army

Lakshmi’s journey into the Indian National Army began in 1940 when she moved to Singapore. There, she encountered members of the INA and was inspired by their dedication to India’s freedom. When Subhas Chandra Bose arrived in Singapore in 1943, he announced the formation of an all-women’s regiment named after the Rani of Jhansi. Lakshmi eagerly joined and was appointed as the leader of the regiment, earning the title “Captain Lakshmi.”

Role of Lakshmi’s Sahgal in the Azad Hind Fauj

Captain Lakshmi played a crucial role in the INA, serving as the Minister in Charge of Women’s Affairs in the Provisional Government of Free India. The INA, under Bose’s leadership, marched to Burma in 1944 with the goal of liberating India from British rule. However, the tide of war turned against them, and Captain Lakshmi was captured by the British in 1945. She was imprisoned in Burma until March 1946, when she was sent back to India.

Later Years and Activism

After India’s independence, Captain Lakshmi continued her activism, joining the Communist Party of India (Marxist) in 1971. She was actively involved in various social causes, including organizing relief efforts during the Bangladesh crisis, aiding victims of the Bhopal gas tragedy, and working towards peace in Kanpur after the anti-Sikh riots of 1984. She was also a founding member of the All India Democratic Women’s Association.

Personal Life of Lakshmi Sahgal

Lakshmi married Prem Kumar Sahgal in 1947, and the couple settled in Kanpur. They had two daughters, Subhashini Ali, a prominent politician, and Anisa Puri. Lakshmi remained active in her medical practice and social work throughout her life, continuing to see patients even in her 90s.

Death and Legacy

Captain Lakshmi passed away on July 23, 2012, at the age of 97, after suffering a cardiac arrest. Her body was donated to medical research. She was posthumously honored with the Padma Vibhushan in 1998 and remains a symbol of courage, dedication, and service to the nation.

Remembrance of Lakshmi Sahgal

Captain Lakshmi’s legacy has been portrayed in various films and television series, including the 2004 film “Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose: The Forgotten Hero” and the 2020 Amazon Prime series “The Forgotten Army – Azaadi Ke Liye.” These depictions highlight her role as a fearless leader and a committed freedom fighter.

Captain Lakshmi Sahgal’s life story continues to inspire generations, reflecting her unwavering commitment to India’s independence and her lifelong dedication to social justice.