Which is the Largest Central Bank in the World by Total Assets? Check the List of Top-10

Central banks are the backbone of a country’s financial system. They control money supply, manage interest rates, and keep the economy stable during good and bad times. One way to understand their power is by looking at their total assets. These assets include government bonds, foreign reserves, and other financial holdings. Some central banks manage trillions of dollars, making them extremely influential in the global economy.

What is a Central Bank?

A central bank is the main financial authority of a country. It issues currency, controls interest rates, and manages the nation’s money and credit system. Its main goal is to keep prices stable and ensure smooth economic growth. Central banks use tools like open market operations and policy rates to control inflation and support the economy.

Which is the Largest Central Bank in India?

The European Central Bank (ECB) is the largest central bank in the world by total assets. As of October 2025, its total assets are $7.13 trillion. The ECB manages monetary policy for countries in the Euro Area and plays a major role in global finance.

Top-10 Largest Central Banks of the World by Total Assets

European Central Bank of Euro, with the total assets of $7,129.9B, stands as the largest central bank of the world, followed by People’s Bank of China and Federal Reserve.

Here is the lust of top-10 largest Central Banks in the World by total assets in 2026:

Rank	Bank Name	Country/ Area	Total Assets (USD)
1.	European Central Bank	Euro Area	$7,129.9B
2.	People’s Bank of China	China	$6,621.1B
3.	Federal Reserve	United States	$6,587.0B
4.	Bank of Japan	Japan	$4,516.5B
5.	Swiss National Bank	Switzerland	$1,107.9B
6.	Bank of England	United Kingdom	$1,000.5B
7.	Reserve Bank of India	India	$911.4B
8.	Central Bank of Brazil	Brazil	$898.2B
9.	Monetary Authority of Singapore	Singapore	$610.0B
10.	Hong Kong Monetary Authority	Hong Kong	$533.6B

Where does the Reserve Bank of India Stand?

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) ranks 7th in the world by total assets, with $911.4 billion. The RBI was established on April 1, 1935, under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. Its main purpose is to:

• Issue and manage Indian currency
• Maintain monetary stability
• Control inflation
• Support economic growth

The RBI works to keep prices stable while ensuring that India’s economy continues to grow in a balanced way.