Which is the Only Classical Dance of Uttar Pradesh?

Uttar Pradesh, a state rich in history and culture, is home to a variety of traditional art forms. Among its many artistic expressions, one stands out due to its deep connection to the region’s heritage. This art form has been passed down through generations, reflecting both the spiritual and royal influences of the region. It is celebrated for its graceful movements, rhythmic patterns and expressive storytelling.

The Only Classical Dance of Uttar Pradesh

Kathak is the only classical dance form that originated in Uttar Pradesh. It is known for its beautiful footwork, graceful spins, and expressive storytelling. Over the centuries, Kathak has blended Hindu and Islamic traditions, creating a unique art form that represents the rich culture and heritage of Uttar Pradesh and is admired across the world.

Origin and Influence of Kathak

Kathak started as an oral tradition, where performers known as Kathakars would tell stories based on epics, myths and legends. Over time, gestures and mime were added to enhance the storytelling experience. The rise of the Vaishnavite cult and the Bhakti movement introduced new lyrical and musical forms to the dance.

Raslila, a popular dance form in the Braj region of Uttar Pradesh, combined elements of music, dance and narrative, which influenced the development of Kathak.

Mughal Influence on Kathak

Under Mughal rule, Kathak moved from temples to royal courts. It became a highly stylized dance form performed for entertainment in the durbar (royal court). The Mughal influence added grace, elegance and sensuality to the dance. Persian costumes and dance styles also influenced Kathak during this period.

The 19th century marked a golden era of Kathak, especially under the patronage of Nawab Wajid Ali Shah of Lucknow. This period saw the rise of the Lucknow Gharana, a famous school of Kathak.

Performance Structure of Kathak

Kathak dancers maintain a straight posture with hands held in specific positions. The dance emphasizes balance and grace. The basic footwork involves the dancer using the full foot, with each step creating rhythmic sounds. Dancers perform a structured routine that includes:

• Thaat: Soft, gliding movements of the neck, eyebrows and wrists.
• Amad: The formal entry of the dancer.
• Salami: A salutation performed by the dancer.

Kathak also involves rhythmic pauses where dancers perform specific movements in time with the music.

Kathak’s Unique Identity

Kathak is special because it is the only classical dance form with strong links to Muslim Culture, while also being rooted in Hindustani music. Over time, Kathak and Hindustani music have developed alongside each other, influencing one another.