The Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) has identified and named a new species of marine head-shield sea slug discovered along the West Bengal and Odisha coasts. Named Melanochlamys droupadi, this distinctive species bears a ruby red spot and has unique characteristics that distinguish it from other sea slugs.
Discovery and Naming
- The species was discovered from the coastal areas of Digha in West Bengal and Udaipur in Odisha.
- It is characterized by its short, blunt cylindrical body, smooth dorsal surface, and distinctive red spot.
- Named after the President of India, Droupadi Murmu, Melanochlamys droupadi was confirmed through morphological, anatomical, and molecular examinations.
Physical Characteristics
- Melanochlamys droupadi is a small invertebrate, measuring up to 7 mm in length, with a brownish-black coloration.
- Its unique feature is the presence of a ruby red spot at the hind end.
- The species is hermaphroditic and is typically found crawling on the intertidal zone of sandy beaches.
Behaviour and Habitat
- The sea slug leaves distinctive crawl marks on sandy beaches as it moves.
- Reproduction occurs between November and January, and the species is known to secrete transparent mucus to form a protective sheath against sand grains.
- It prefers to crawl beneath smooth sand, forming a moving capsule where its body is rarely visible.
Distribution and Significance
- While species of the Melanochlamys genus are typically found in temperate regions of the Indo-Pacific Oceanic realm, Melanochlamys droupadi is unique to the West Bengal and Odisha coasts.
- This discovery adds to our understanding of marine biodiversity in the region and highlights the importance of continued research and conservation efforts.
Important Takeaways For All Competitive Exams
- Zoological Survey of India Headquarters: Kolkata;
- Zoological Survey of India Founded: 1 July 1916;
- Zoological Survey of India Director: Dr. Dhriti Banerjee;
- Zoological Survey of India Founder: Government of India.