All-India Tiger Estimation 2026 Begins in Thanthai Periyar Sanctuary

The first phase of the All-India Tiger Estimation 2026 (AITE-26) officially began on January 6, 2026, at the Thanthai Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary under the Erode Forest Division. This large-scale wildlife census is a crucial national exercise aimed at estimating tiger populations while simultaneously assessing prey species, habitat quality, and overall ecosystem health using standardised scientific methods.

Training and Field Deployment

Before the commencement of fieldwork, forest department personnel underwent structured training on modern wildlife census techniques to ensure accuracy and uniformity in data collection.

Following the training:

• Field operations were launched across four forest ranges — Anthiyur, Bargur, Chennampatti, and Thattakarai
• Over 150 trained personnel were deployed
• Teams were organised to cover 52 forest patrol beats, ensuring systematic and comprehensive spatial coverage

This extensive deployment reflects the scale and importance of the tiger estimation exercise.

Line Transect Method and Species Coverage

For the first three days, the census is being conducted using the line transect method, a widely accepted scientific technique for wildlife population sampling.

What does the method involve?

• Recording pugmarks, animal droppings, and direct sightings
• Surveying along predefined forest paths

Although tigers remain the primary focus, the survey also documents:

• Co-predators such as leopards
• Large mammals including gaur, elephants, and bears

Importantly, forest divisions supporting carnivores outside designated tiger reserves are also included, allowing for broader ecological data collection.

Herbivores, Birds, and Vegetation Assessment

During the next three days, the focus shifts to the prey base and habitat assessment, which are vital for sustaining healthy tiger populations.

The survey covers:

• Large herbivores like elephants, gaur, and deer
• Scavenging birds, particularly vultures
• Vegetation analysis, including trees, grasses, shrubs, weeds, and forest undergrowth

This integrated approach helps assess habitat quality, food availability, and ecosystem balance, all of which directly influence tiger conservation success.

Important Facts for Competitive Exams

• All-India Tiger Estimation is conducted once every four years
• The line transect method is a standard tool for wildlife population studies
• Tiger estimation includes assessment of prey base and habitat quality
• Tiger conservation in India is overseen by the National Tiger Conservation Authority

Data Compilation and National Reporting

The field-level survey in the Erode Forest Division is scheduled to conclude on January 12, 2026. After completion:

• All collected data on tigers, herbivores, birds, and vegetation will be compiled
• The data will be submitted to the National Tiger Conservation Authority by January 31, 2026
• The consolidated national findings of AITE-26 are expected to be released in 2027

These findings will play a critical role in policy formulation, habitat management, and long-term conservation planning across India.