Which is the Oldest Library of India? Know the Name and Location

India has a rich history of learning and knowledge, with ancient libraries playing a key role in preserving its cultural and intellectual heritage. These libraries have safeguarded priceless manuscripts and books for centuries, offering insights into various subjects like literature, science and art. The oldest library in the country stands as a symbol of this tradition, showcasing the incredible efforts made to preserve knowledge for future generations.

Oldest Library of India

The National Library of India, situated in Kolkata, is the oldest and largest library in the country. Originally founded in 1891 as the Imperial Library, it was renamed after India’s independence. Today, it preserves more than 2.5 million books, along with rare manuscripts and maps. Serving as a treasure house of knowledge, it plays a vital role in protecting and showcasing India’s literary and cultural heritage.

Location of National Library of India

The National Library of India is situated at Belvedere Estate, Alipore, Kolkata. It is the largest library in India, both by the number of books and its role in preserving public records. Managed by the Ministry of Culture, the library is a vital center for knowledge seekers.

History of National Library of India

The National Library of India began as the Imperial Library, established in 1891 in Kolkata. It combined several smaller libraries, including the Home Department Library, which housed rare books from the East India Company. Initially, the library was accessible only to high-ranking British officers.

One significant contribution was made by Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee, who donated 80,000 books from his personal collection in 1910. These books were organized into a separate section, adding immense value to the library.

Renamed to National Library

After India gained independence, the Imperial Library was renamed the National Library in 1948. The Collection was moved to the current location at Belvedere Estate. On February 1, 1953, the National Library was officially opened to the public by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad.

Later, the name was updated to the National Library of India under the National Library of India Act, 1976.

What does the Library Hold?

The National Library of India holds a massive collection of over 2.5 million books, making it the largest in the country. It collects and preserves books, periodicals and records in almost all Indian languages.

The library has also:

• 86,000 maps
• 3,200 manuscripts
• Rare Hindu books from the 19th century, including the first printed works in the languages.

The Mystery of the Hidden Chamber

In 2010, a secret room was discovered during restoration work by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). This room, measuring about 1,000 square feet, had no doors or openings.

Speculations arose that it might have been a punishment room used during British rule or a treasure storage space. However, in 2011, researchers found that room was filled with mud, likely to stabilize the building’s structure.