Samvidhan Diwas 2024
India celebrates Constitution Day or Samvidhan Diwas annually on November 26, marking the adoption of the Indian Constitution in 1949. This historic day is a tribute to the values of justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity, which form the bedrock of India’s democracy. In 2024, the nation observes the 75th Constitution Day, honouring the transformative journey and ideals that guide the republic.
As India celebrates Samvidhan Diwas 2024, it is a moment to honour the monumental efforts of the Constituent Assembly and recommit to the ideals that have shaped the nation. This day serves as a reminder of the enduring spirit of the Constitution and its role as a beacon of hope and justice for every Indian citizen.
Constitution Day commemorates the adoption of the Constitution by the Constituent Assembly on November 26, 1949, which later came into effect on January 26, 1950—celebrated as Republic Day. The day was formally designated as Samvidhan Diwas in 2015 by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, coinciding with Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s 125th birth anniversary.
The Indian Constitution, under the leadership of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, was designed to ensure justice, liberty, and equality for all. This document, the longest written constitution in the world, initially had 395 Articles and 8 Schedules, embodying the essence of India’s sovereignty and diversity.
Constitution Day emphasizes the importance of understanding and upholding the values of the Constitution, including justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity. It reminds citizens of their rights and duties, fostering unity and civic responsibility.
Known as the “Father of the Indian Constitution,” Dr. Ambedkar’s vision ensured that the Constitution was not just a legal framework but a reflection of India’s socio-political aspirations. His iconic quote—”The Constitution is not a mere lawyer’s document; it is a vehicle of life, and its spirit is always the spirit of the age”—highlights its enduring relevance.
The day encourages citizens to reflect on India’s journey as a democratic nation and renew their commitment to building an inclusive, progressive, and equitable society. It also underscores the importance of active civic participation.
India’s independence struggle revealed the necessity for a robust framework to guarantee justice, equality, and liberty for all citizens. The Government of India Act, 1935, served as a foundation but lacked provisions for a sovereign, democratic republic.
The Constituent Assembly was established in December 1946 under the Cabinet Mission Plan, comprising 389 members, later reduced to 299 after Partition. Key members included Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Patel, and Dr. Rajendra Prasad.
The Indian Constitution is unique for combining elements of rigidity and flexibility, drawing inspiration from global constitutions, including the British, American, and Irish Constitutions.
At inception, the Constitution contained:
The Constitution reflects a vision of an inclusive India, safeguarding citizens’ rights while emphasizing their responsibilities.
Constitution Day is celebrated with:
This milestone observance highlights:
The Indian Constitution is a living document that has evolved through 105 amendments, addressing the changing needs of the nation. It remains a testament to India’s commitment to democracy, diversity, and equality, inspiring generations to uphold its principles.
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Why in News | India celebrates the 75th Constitution Day on November 26, 2024, commemorating the adoption of the Constitution on this day in 1949. |
| Date of Observance | November 26, annually observed as Constitution Day (Samvidhan Diwas). |
| Historical Context | The Constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on November 26, 1949, and came into effect on January 26, 1950 (Republic Day). |
| Declaration as Constitution Day | Officially declared in 2015 to honor Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s contributions and coincide with his 125th birth anniversary. |
| Significance | – Promotes awareness of constitutional values, rights, and duties. – Reflects on India’s journey as a democratic nation. – Honors the vision of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, the “Father of the Indian Constitution.” |
| Key Features of the Constitution | – Longest written constitution with 395 Articles and 8 Schedules at inception. – Combines rigidity and flexibility. – Draws inspiration from global frameworks. |
| Drafting Journey | – Drafted by the Constituent Assembly, formed in December 1946. – Chaired by Dr. Rajendra Prasad and Drafting Committee led by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar. – Took 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days to finalize. |
| Celebrations in 2024 | – Public readings of the Preamble. – Educational events in schools and colleges. – Special sessions in Parliament. – Nationwide emphasis on promoting justice, liberty, equality, and fraternity. |
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