Yala Glacier in Nepal Set to Vanish by 2040s Due to Climate Change

Yala Glacier, situated in Nepal’s Langtang National Park, has been a focal point for glaciological studies due to its significant retreat over recent decades. Recent analyses predict that this glacier may vanish by the 2040s, underscoring the profound impacts of climate change on the Himalayan cryosphere.

Historical Retreat and Current Status

Retreat Measurements: Between 1974 and 2021, Yala Glacier retreated by 680 meters, with a 36% reduction in its area. Its elevation has declined from 5,170 meters to 5,750 meters in 2011.

Scientific Significance: Yala Glacier is the only Himalayan glacier included in the Global Glacier Casualty List, highlighting its critical status. This list, launched in 2024, identifies glaciers worldwide that are critically endangered or have already disappeared.

Implications of Glacier Loss

Water Resources: Glaciers are vital freshwater sources for millions. The Hindu Kush Himalaya region, dependent on glaciers, is warming twice as fast as the global average, threatening water security for approximately 240 million people.

Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs): Rapid glacier melting leads to the formation of unstable glacial lakes. Their potential overflow poses catastrophic flood risks to downstream communities.

Global and Regional Responses

International Initiatives: The United Nations has designated 2025 as the International Year of Glaciers’ Preservation, emphasizing the importance of glaciers and providing essential hydrological, meteorological, and climate services to those dependent on them. Additionally, starting in 2025, March 21 will be observed annually as the World Day for Glaciers.

Regional Actions: India has launched the National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem and established the Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) to monitor glacier-related events and issue GLOF alerts.

Summary of the news

Why in News	Key Points
Yala Glacier in Nepal is projected to vanish by 2040s.	Retreated by 680 meters (36%) from 1974-2021.
	Glacier’s elevation reduced from 5,170m to 5,750m (2011).
	Part of the Global Glacier Casualty List.
	Threatens water security for 240 million people in the Hindu Kush Himalaya region.
	Formation of Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs) risks.
	International Year of Glaciers’ Preservation (2025).
	India’s National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem launched.
	INCOIS monitors glacier-related events in India.