In a recent announcement, the World Health Organization (WHO) has officially certified Cabo Verde as a malaria-free country. This accomplishment positions Cabo Verde alongside Mauritius and Algeria as the third nation in the WHO African region to achieve malaria-free status.
The WHO certifies a country as malaria-free after it demonstrates the interruption of nationwide malaria transmission for a minimum of three consecutive years. Additionally, the country must have a robust surveillance and response system in place to prevent the re-establishment of indigenous transmission.
Cabo Verde’s certification adds to the list of 43 countries and 1 territory globally that have been recognized as ‘malaria-free’ by the WHO. Notable instances in the South East Asian region include the Maldives (2015) and Sri Lanka (2016), while India awaits such certification.
Malaria is a life-threatening mosquito-borne blood disease caused by Plasmodium parasites. Among the five parasite species affecting humans, P. falciparum and P. vivax pose the greatest threat. The disease primarily prevails in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, South America, and Asia.
Malaria spreads through the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito. After biting an infected person, the mosquito becomes a carrier, transmitting parasites to the bloodstream of the next individual. Symptoms include fever, flu-like illness, shaking chills, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue. Importantly, malaria is both preventable and curable.
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