Chillai Kalan Begins; Kashmir Braces for Winter Precipitation

As Jammu and Kashmir prepares for a fresh spell of rain and snowfall the region is also entering Chillai Kalan, the coldest and most severe phase of winter. Beginning on December 21 this 40 day period traditionally marks the harshest winter conditions in the Kashmir Valley. Alos characterized by freezing temperatures, snowfall, and icy winds.

What is Chillai Kalan?

• Chillai Kalan is a centuries-old Kashmiri term referring to the 40 day peak winter period, lasting from December 21 to January 30.
• During this time, temperatures often plunge well below freezing, water bodies partially freeze, and heavy snowfall is common in higher reaches.
• This phase is followed by Chillai Khurd (20 days of milder cold) and Chillai Bacha (10 days of comparatively moderate winter), making Chillai Kalan the most critical period for weather and water cycles.

Weather Forecast and Official Advisories

• According to the Meteorological Department, the Valley is expected to witness rain in the plains and moderate to heavy snowfall in higher-altitude areas starting Saturday night.
• In response district authorities in Baramulla, Kupwara, and Bandipora have issued advisories, urging residents especially those in mountainous areas to avoid unnecessary travel during snowfall.
• Such advisories are routine during Chillai Kalan due to risks of road blockages, avalanches, and power disruptions.

Relief After a Prolonged Dry Spell

• The expected precipitation is likely to break a dry spell of over two months, which has adversely affected air quality across the Valley.
• Medical experts have noted a rise in respiratory ailments, attributed to the accumulation of suspended particulate matter in the absence of rain and snow.
• Rain and snowfall are expected to wash away pollutants, offering temporary relief and improving overall atmospheric conditions.

Impact on Water Resources

• Traditionally, snowfall during Chillai Kalan plays a vital role in replenishing glaciers, reservoirs, and water bodies.
• The meltwater sustains rivers, streams, springs, and lakes during the summer months.
• Officials have expressed concern that the delay in snowfall this season has already caused low water levels in several water bodies.
• A weak snow season can result in water stress during summer, affecting agriculture, hydropower generation, and drinking water supply.

Key Takeaways

• Chillai Kalan begins on December 21 and lasts 40 days.
• It is the coldest phase of winter in Kashmir.
• Rain and snowfall are expected after a two-month dry spell.
• Snowfall is vital for water security and summer river flow.
• Gulmarg tourism depends heavily on snowfall during this period.

Question

Q. Chillai Kalan refers to:

A. The first 10 days of summer in Kashmir
B. The coldest 40-day period of winter in Kashmir
C. A type of snowstorm in Himachal Pradesh
D. A festival celebrated in Jammu