Gujarat Formation Day, also known as Gujarat Sthapana Divas, is celebrated annually on May 1st to commemorate the establishment of the state of Gujarat in 1960, following the bifurcation of the Bombay State on linguistic lines. The creation of Gujarat, fueled by the Mahagujarat Movement, marked the recognition of the Gujarati-speaking population’s cultural and administrative identity. The day is observed with parades, flag hoisting, cultural programs, and developmental project inaugurations across the state.
Why in the news?
On the 1st of May, State of Gujarat celebrate its Sthapana Divas (Statehood Day), when state got its status on the name of Gujarat on 1st of May, 1960.
Historical Background of Gujarat Formation
- Bombay State, post-independence, was a bilingual state comprising both Marathi and Gujarati-speaking regions.
- Demand for linguistic states led to movements nationwide, including the Mahagujarat Andolan.
- The idea of a separate Gujarat was first mooted in 1937 by KM Munshi at the Gujarat Sahitya Sabha in Karachi.
- The Mahagujarat Janata Parishad was formed under Indulal Yagnik, who played a key role in mobilizing public support.
- Gujarat became a separate state on May 1, 1960, under the Bombay Reorganisation Act, 1960.
- Saurashtra and Kutch regions were merged into Gujarat.
- Ahmedabad was the initial administrative capital before it shifted to Gandhinagar in 1970.
Importance of Gujarat Formation Day
- It commemorates the struggles and sacrifices of leaders and citizens during the Mahagujarat Movement.
- Reinforces cultural identity and linguistic pride among Gujaratis.
- Highlights the state’s progress in industrialization, infrastructure, and education.
- Provides a platform to reflect on Gujarat’s achievements and envision future growth.
- The day fosters unity, regional pride, and community participation.
Key Facts About Gujarat’s Development
- 2nd largest onshore crude oil producer and 4th largest in natural gas production.
- Known as the Petroleum Capital of India, with major reserves in Ankleshwar, Mehsana, Hazira, Bharuch, and others.
- Accounts for 72% of global processed diamonds and 80% of India’s diamond exports.
- Produces 65–70% of India’s denim, making it the largest in India and 3rd largest globally.
- Has 60 notified Special Economic Zones (SEZs) and is a leading industrial state.
- Home to 8 chemical clusters, 14 industrial estates, and 3 petrochemical SEZs.
- Gujarat has 42 ports and 18 operational airports, ranking first in logistics infrastructure in India.
Houses major educational institutions
- 3 Central Universities
- 22 State Universities
- 32 Private Universities
- 238 Engineering Colleges (AICTE approved)
- 422 ITIs, 145 Polytechnic Institutes, 74 Pharmacy Colleges, 4 Agricultural Universities
Demographics & Culture
- Gujarat has a population of 60.4 million, making up 5% of India’s population.
- Over 65% of its population belongs to the working-age group (15–59 years).
- Known for rich cultural traditions and fairs such as Kavant, Tarnetar, and Shamlaji.
- Celebrated for folk dances, handicrafts, and spiritual festivals.
Gujarat Formation Day 2025 Celebrations
- Main celebrations were held in Godhra, Panchmahal district.
- Chief Minister Bhupendra Patel inaugurated/lays foundation for projects worth ₹644.72 crore.
Projects included
- IG Police Office
- RTO Building
- Bypass Road
- Ropeway Extension at Pavagadh
- Lithium Iron Battery Processing Plant
- Governor Acharya Devvrat also attended.
Events included
- Weapons Exhibition by Gujarat Police
- Police Band Parade
- Cultural Evening Program with felicitation of prominent citizens