International Day of Democracy: Know The Date, History and Significance

Every year on September 15, people across the globe unite to commemorate the International Day of Democracy. Established by the United Nations General Assembly in 2007, this day serves as a powerful reminder of the importance of democratic principles and practices in our societies. Since its inception in 2008, the day has been marked by a diverse array of events worldwide, showcasing the creativity and enthusiasm of participants in promoting democratic values. The theme for 2024: Ensuring effective governance of AI at all levels.

Historical Background

Origins in the ICNRD Process

The roots of the International Day of Democracy can be traced back to the International Conferences on New and Restored Democracies (ICNRD) process, which began in 1988. This initiative, spearheaded by President Corazon C. Aquino of the Philippines, aimed to:

• Promote and support new democracies
• Assist in the restoration of democracy in countries transitioning from authoritarian rule

The Universal Declaration on Democracy

In 1997, a significant milestone was reached when the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) adopted the Universal Declaration on Democracy. This declaration:

• Affirmed the fundamental principles of democracy
• Outlined guidelines for the exercise of democratic governance
• Served as a foundational document for the future International Day of Democracy

The Doha Conference and UN Resolution

The journey towards establishing the International Day of Democracy gained momentum with the following events:

The sixth ICNRD conference in Doha, Qatar (2006):

• Reinforced the tripartite nature of the democratic process, involving governments, parliaments, and civil society
• Concluded with a declaration and Plan of Action reaffirming democratic values

Qatar’s initiative to promote an International Day of Democracy:

• Suggested September 15th as the date, aligning with the anniversary of the Universal Declaration on Democracy

UN General Assembly Resolution (November 8, 2007):

• Adopted by consensus, officially establishing the International Day of Democracy

Themes and Observances

International Day of Democracy 2024

The theme for 2024 focuses on “Artificial Intelligence as a tool for good governance“. This theme:

• Emphasizes the need for effective governance of AI at all levels
• Aims to harness AI’s benefits while mitigating potential risks
• Aligns with UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres’ call for responsible AI development

Past Themes

Previous years have highlighted various aspects of democracy, including:

• Building stronger democracies
• Democracy’s role in achieving UN Sustainable Development Goals
• Amplifying citizens’ voices
• Fostering dialogue and inclusiveness
• Promoting accountability
• Encouraging political tolerance

Significance and Impact

Global Review of Democracy

The International Day of Democracy provides a crucial opportunity to:

• Assess the state of democracy worldwide
• Identify challenges and opportunities in democratic processes
• Promote dialogue on the future of democracy

Essential Elements of Democracy

The day emphasizes key democratic values:

• Freedom
• Human rights
• Periodic elections by universal suffrage

These elements create an environment conducive to the protection and realization of human rights.

UNESCO’s Role

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) plays a vital role in supporting democracy:

1. Supporting democratic development and consolidation
2. Assisting during times of democratic transition
3. Upholding the ‘democratic ideal’
4. Promoting human dignity, equality, and mutual respect

UNESCO’s Focus Areas

UNESCO’s work in promoting democracy centers on:

• Freedom of expression
• Education for democratic citizenship
• Youth empowerment
• Advancing the right to scientific progress
• Promoting universal values (tolerance, pluralism, human rights)

Global Celebrations and Activities

The International Day of Democracy is marked by a wide range of events worldwide, including:

• Photo competitions
• Workshops for children
• Live debates
• Radio phone-ins
• Meetings with civil society organizations

These diverse activities reflect the global commitment to strengthening democratic values and practices.