RBI Foundation Day 2023 observed on 1st April

RBI Foundation Day 2023

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) was established on April 1, 1935, in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. The Central Office of the RBI, initially set up in Kolkata, was permanently moved to Mumbai in 1937. Sir Osborne Smith the first Governor of the Bank. The Bank was constituted as a shareholders’ bank. The RBI is the central bank of India and is responsible for regulating the country’s monetary and credit system. It is also responsible for issuing currency and managing the country’s foreign exchange reserves. The RBI works closely with the government of India to formulate and implement monetary and fiscal policies that promote economic growth and stability. It was set up as a private shareholder’s bank with a capital of Rs. 5 crores.

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The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) performs various functions, some of which are as follows:

• Formulating and implementing monetary policy: The RBI is responsible for formulating and implementing monetary policy in India, with the aim of maintaining price stability while ensuring adequate credit flow to the productive sectors of the economy.
• Regulating and supervising banks and financial institutions: The RBI regulates and supervises banks and financial institutions in India to ensure their stability and soundness.
• Issuing and managing currency: The RBI is responsible for the issuance and management of currency in India.
• Managing foreign exchange reserves: The RBI manages India’s foreign exchange reserves and intervenes in the foreign exchange market to maintain stability in the value of the rupee.
• Acting as a banker to the government: The RBI acts as a banker and advisor to the central and state governments in India, managing their accounts and providing them with credit and other banking services.
• Conducting research and analysis: The RBI conducts research and analysis on various aspects of the economy, including banking and financial systems, monetary policy, and economic development.
• Developing and regulating payment and settlement systems: The RBI develops and regulates payment and settlement systems in India, including electronic fund transfer systems, cheque clearing systems, and other payment mechanisms.
• Promoting financial inclusion: The RBI works to promote financial inclusion and ensure that banking and financial services are accessible to all sections of society.

Here are some important dates in the history of the Reserve Bank of India:

Important Year	History of the Reserve Bank of India
1935	Establishment of the Reserve Bank of India under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934
1937	The Central Office of the RBI, initially set up in Kolkata, was permanently moved to Mumbai in 1937.
1949	Nationalization of the Reserve Bank of India
1950	Introduction of a new system of note issue
1951	Introduction of a system of credit control
1969	Given additional powers to regulate the credit system with nationalization of 14 major banks
1971	Declaration of the RBI as the regulator of the Indian money market
1985	Establishment of the Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee Corporation
1991	Implementation of economic reforms to liberalize the Indian economy
1994	Introduction of the system of minimum capital requirements for banks
1997	Becoming the regulator of the entire financial system in India
2016	Introduction of demonetization of Rs. 500 and Rs. 1,000 banknotes
2018	Introduction of a new framework for resolving stressed assets in the banking system
2020	Implementation of a 3-month moratorium on all term loans due to COVID-19 pandemic
2021	Announcement of the issuance of digital currency, also known as Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), in phases

Here is a list of all RBI Governors until the present day:

Number	Name	Term
1	Sir Osborne Smith	1935-1937
2	Sir James Braid Taylor	1937-1943
3	Sir C. D. Deshmukh	1943-1949
4	Sir Benegal Rama Rau	1949-1957
5	K. G. Ambegaonkar	1957-1957
6	H. V. R. Iyengar	1957-1962
7	P. C. Bhattacharya	1962-1967
8	L. K. Jha	1967-1970
9	B. N. Adarkar	1970-1970
10	S. Jagannathan	1970-1975
11	N. C. Sen Gupta	1975-1975
12	K. R. Puri	1975-1977
13	M. Narasimham	1977-1977
14	I. G. Patel	1977-1982
15	Dr. Manmohan Singh	1982-1985
16	A Ghosh	1985-1985
17	R. N. Malhotra	1985-1990
18	S. Venkitaramanan	1990-1992
19	C. Rangarajan	1992-1997
20	Bimal Jalan	1997-2003
21	Y. V. Reddy	2003-2008
22	D. Subbarao	2008-2013
23	Raghuram Rajan	2013-2016
24	Urjit Patel	2016-2018
25	Shaktikanta Das	2018-present

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