In the Indian legal system, the High Courts occupy a prestigious role as the highest appellate courts within specific states or Union Territories. According to Article 214 of the Indian Constitution, each state or Union Territory is required to have at least one High Court. Furthermore, Article 231 allows for the establishment of a unified High Court to cater to the legal needs of multiple states. Currently, India boasts a total of 25 High Courts, each playing a vital role in the nation’s legal framework.
There are total 25 High Courts in India. The oldest High Courts are Bombay High Court, Madras High Court and Kolkata High Court which were established in 1862 and the newest one is Andhra Pradesh High Court which is established in 2019.
Here is the list of High Court of India:
S. NO. | Name | Year of Establishment | Territorial Jurisdiction | Seat & Bench |
1. | Bombay | 1862 | Maharashtra Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman Diu Goa | Seat: Mumbai Bench: Panaji, Aurangabad and Nagpur |
2. | Kolkata | 1862 | West Bengal Andaman & Nicobar Island | Seat: Kolkata Bench: Port Blair |
3. | Madras | 1862 | Tamil Nadu Pondicherry | Seat: Chennai Bench: Madurai |
4. | Allahabad | 1866 | Uttar Pradesh | Seat: Allahabad Bench: Lucknow |
5. | Karnataka | 1884 | Karnataka | Seat: Bengaluru Bench: Dharwad and Gulbarga |
6. | Patna | 1916 | Bihar | Patna |
7. | Guhawati | 1948 | Assam Nagaland Mizoram Arunachal Pradesh | Seat: Guhawati Bench: Kohima, Aizwal and Itanagar. |
8. | Odissa | 1949 | Odissa | Odissa |
9. | Rajasthan | 1949 | Rajasthan | Seat: Jodhpur Bench: Jaipur |
10. | Madhya Pradesh | 1956 | Madhya Pradesh | Seat: Jabalpur Bench: Gwalior and Indore |
11. | Kerala | 1958 | Kerala & Lakshadweep | Ernakulam |
12. | Gujarat | 1960 | Gujarat | Ahmedabad |
13. | Delhi | 1966 | Delhi | Delhi |
14. | Himachal Pradesh | 1971 | Himachal Pradesh | Shimla |
15. | Punjab & Haryana | 1975 | Punjab, Haryana and Chandigarh | Chandigarh |
16. | Sikkim | 1975 | Sikkim | Gangtok |
17. | Chhattisgarh | 2000 | Chhattisgarh | Bilaspur |
18. | Uttarakhand | 2000 | Uttarakhand | Nainital |
19. | Jharkhand | 2000 | Jharkhand | Ranchi |
20. | Tripura | 2013 | Tripura | Agartala |
21. | Manipur | 2013 | Manipur | Imphal |
22. | Meghalaya | 2013 | Meghalaya | Shillong |
23. | Telangana | 2019 | Telangana | Hyderabad |
24. | Andhra Pradesh | 2019 | Andhra Pradesh | Amravati |
25. | Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh (NOTE: Jammu & Kashmir High Court established in 1928. Post-bifurcation of J&K into two UTs; there is now a common High Court.) | 2019 | Jammu and Kashmir Ladakh | – |
Initially the retirement age of the judges of High Courts was 60 but it was raised to 62 in 1963 by the 15th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1963.
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The oldest High Courts are Bombay High Court, Madras High Court and Kolkata High Court which were established in 1862
The Telangana High Court and Andhra Pradesh High Court are the newest High Courts in India, established in 2019.
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