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States and Capitals – How Many States in India?

India, a vast South Asian nation and the world’s seventh-largest by land area, is divided into 28 states and 8 union territories, each with its own capital. These states and territories are further segmented into districts. New Delhi, situated in the National Capital Territory of Delhi, serves as India’s administrative, political, and cultural hub.

The states and capitals of India weave a rich and diverse tapestry, reflecting the country’s deep cultural heritage, traditions, and innovations. Exploring these regions offers a fascinating journey through time, blending ancient legacies with modern advancements, tradition with contemporary influence, and showcasing India’s remarkable unity in diversity.

States and Capitals

In 1956, India reorganized its states according to linguistic demographics. Today, the country consists of 28 states and 8 Union Territories, home to nearly 400 cities. Among these, eight major metropolitan cities—Kolkata, Mumbai, New Delhi, Chennai, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Ahmedabad, and Pune—are prominent. The Prime Minister has introduced a plan to develop 100 smart cities across the nation, with Indore being recognized as the Smart City for four consecutive years. Discover India’s dynamic urban landscape and its focus on modernization.

How many states in India?

India is the 7th largest country in the world by land area and the 2nd most populated. The country is divided into states and union territories so that the government can function properly. Below is a list of all 28 states, their capitals and the year they were formed.

S.NO State Capital CM Governor
1 Andhra Pradesh Amaravati Sri Nara Chandrababu Naidu S. Abdul Nazer
2 Arunachal Pradesh Itanagar Pema Khandu Kaiwalya Trivikram Parnaik
3 Assam Dispur Himanta Biswa Sarma Lakshman Prasad Acharya
4 Bihar Patna Nitish Kumar Arif Mohammed Khan
5 Chhattisgarh Raipur Vishnu Deo Sai Ramen Deka
6 Goa Panaji Pramod Sawant P.S. Sreedharan Pillai
7 Gujarat Gandhinagar Bhupendra Patel Acharya Dev Vrat
8 Haryana Chandigarh Nayab Singh Saini Bandaru Dattatraya
9 Himachal Pradesh Shimla Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu Shiv Pratap Shukla
10 Jharkhand Ranchi Hemant Soren Santosh Kumar Gangwar
11 Karnataka Bengaluru Siddaramaiah Thaawarchand Gehlot
12 Kerala Thiruvananthapuram Pinarayi Vijayan Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar
13 Madhya Pradesh Bhopal Mohan Yadav Mangubhai Chhaganbhai Patel
14 Maharashtra Mumbai Devendra Fadnavis C.P. Radhakrishnan
15 Manipur Imphal N. Biren Singh
Ajay Kumar Bhalla
16 Meghalaya Shillong Conrad Kongkal Sangma
C H Vijayashankar
17 Mizoram Aizawl Lalduhoma General (Dr.) Vijay Kumar Singh, PVSM, AVSM, YSM (Retd.)
18 Nagaland Kohima Neiphiu Rio
La. Ganesan
19 Odisha Bhubaneswar Mohan Charan Majhi
Dr. Hari Babu Kambhampati
20 Punjab Chandigarh Bhagwant Singh Mann Gulab Chand Kataria
21 Rajasthan Jaipur Bhajan Lal Sharma Haribhau Kisanrao Bagde
22 Sikkim Gangtok PS Golay Om Prakash Mathur
23 Tamil Nadu Chennai M. K. Stalin R. N. Ravi
24 Telangana Hyderabad Anumula Revanth Reddy Jishnu Dev Varma
25 Tripura Agartala Dr. Manik Saha Indra Sena Reddy Nallu
26 Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Yogi Aditya Nath Anandiben Patel
27 Uttarakhand Dehradun Pushkar Singh Dhami Lt. Gen. Gurmit Singh
28 West Bengal Kolkata Mamata Banerjee Dr. C.V. Ananda Bose

Union Territories of India and Their Capitals

India has 8 union territories that are managed by the central government. Some of them have their own legislative assemblies. Below is the of these union territories and their capitals:

S.NO Union Territories Capital CM Lt. Governor
1 Andaman and Nicobar Island Port Blair NA D K Joshi
2 Chandigarh Chandigarh NA Banwarilal Purohit
3 Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu Daman NA Praful Patel
4 Delhi Delhi Rekha Gupta Vinai Kumar Saxena
5 Ladakh NA NA B. D. Mishra
6 Lakshadweep Kavaratti NA Praful Patel
7 Jammu and Kashmir NA Omar Abdullah Manoj Sinha
8 Puducherry Pondicherry N. Rangaswamy C. P. Radhakrishnan

Difference Between States and Union Territories

India is divided into states and Union Territories for administrative purposes. They are in different in how they are governed.

Basis of Difference States Union Territories
Head of Administration Governor Administrator or Lieutenant Governor
Government Type Elected by the People Managed by the central government
Powers Shares power with the central government. Controlled directly by the central government.

Indian States and their Languages

India is a country with a rich and diverse linguistic heritage. There are over 121 languages spoken in India, and each state has its unique linguistic landscape. The Indian Constitution recognizes 22 languages as “scheduled languages,” which are given special status in government and education.

S. No. States Language
1 Andhra Pradesh Telugu and Urdu
2 Arunachal Pradesh Miji, Apotanji, Merdukpen, Tagin, Adi, Honpa, Banging-Nishi
3 Assam Assamese
4 Bihar Hindi
5 Chhattisgarh Hindi
6 Goa Marathi Konkani
7 Gujarat Gujarati
8 Haryana Hindi
9 Himachal Pradesh Hindi and Pahari
10 Jharkhand Hindi
11 Karnataka Kannada
12 Kerala Malayalam
13 Madhya Pradesh Hindi
14 Maharashtra Marathi
15 Manipur Manipuri
16 Meghalaya Khashi, Jaintia, And Garo
17 Mizoram Mizo and English
18 Nagaland Ao, Konyak, Angami, Sema, and Lotha
19 Odisha Oriya
20 Punjab Punjabi
21 Rajasthan Rajasthani and Hindi
22 Sikkim Bhutia, Hindi, Nepali, Lepcha, Limbu
23 Tamil Nadu Tamil
24 Telangana Telugu
25 Tripura Bengali, Tripuri, Manipuri, Kakborak
26 Uttar Pradesh Hindi
27 Uttarakhand Hindi
28 West Bengal Bengali

Some Key Facts About Indian States

Each state in India is unique and has something special. Here are some interesting facts about a few states:

  • Andhra Pradesh: Famous for spicy food and historical sites like Charminar.
  • Assam: Know for tea gardens and Kaziranga National Park, home to the one-horned rhinoceros.
  • Bihar: A place with a rich history, home to Bodh Gaya and the ancient city of Pataliputra.
  • Goa: Popular for beautiful beaches and a lively nightlife.
  • Kerala: Famous for its backwaters, Ayurveda treatments and lush green nature.
  • Maharashtra: Mumbai, the financial capital, is also home to Bollywood.
  • Himachal Pradesh: Known for stunning hill stations and adventure sports.
  • Tamil Nadu: Famous for classical dance forms and grand temples.

In Which State is Rajaji National Park Located? Know About Its Location and History

India is home to many beautiful national parks that protect wild animals, birds and forests. These parks are special places where nature is kept safe and people can enjoy wildlife. One such amazing national park is known for its green forests, big rivers and many animals like elephants and tigers. It is also a favorite spot for nature lovers, tourists and wildlife photographers.

Location of Rajaji National Park

Rajaji National Park is spread across three districts of Uttarakhand:

  • Haridwar
  • Dehradun
  • Pauri Garhwal

It lies in the Sivalik Hills, which are at the foothills of the Himalayas. The famous Ganga River flows through the park and divides it into two parts:

  • Western part: Rajaji and Motichur range
  • Eastern part: Chilla range

History of Rajaji National Park

  • In 1948, the area was first declared as Rajaji Sanctuary.
  • In 1983, three areas – Rajaji, Motichur and Chilla – were combined to form Rajaji National Park.
  • In 2015, the park was declared a Tiger Reserve, making it an important place for tiger conservation.

Today, it covers a total area of 1,150 square kilometers, including nearby forest areas.

Geography of the Rajaji National Park

  • The park is located between 300 to 1,400 meters above sea level.
  • It covers an area of 820 square kilometers as the core park, with more forest ranges added for the tiger reserve.
  • It is surrounded by hills, forests, rivers and open grasslands, making it a peaceful and rich natural space.

What Kind of Plants Grow Here?

Rajaji National Park has many types of plants, including:

  • Sal trees, shisham and bamboo
  • Flowering trees like amaltas, kachnar and palash
  • Medicinal trees like amla and bel
  • Grassy meadows and riverbank plants

These plants make the park green and provide food and shelter to animals.

Which Animals Live in Rajaji National Park?

Rajaji National Park is home to many wild animals, such as:

  • Indian elephants
  • Bengal tigers
  • Leopards
  • Deer species: chital, sambar and barasingha
  • Wild boar, nilgai, sloth bears, black bears
  • Monkeys and langurs
  • Small animals like mongoose, porcupine and hares
  • Snakes and lizards including cobras and pythons

The park is also home to mountain animals like goral and Himalayan tahr, which live on rocky hills.

Birds of Rajaji National Park

Over 315 kinds of birds can be seen here, including:

  • Peacocks
  • Jungle fowl
  • Woodpeckers
  • Hornbills
  • Vultures
  • Partridges
  • Quails

This makes the park a great place for bird watchers.

India’s First Digital Nomad Village Opens in Sikkim

Yakten village in the Pakyong district of Sikkim has been launched as India’s first digital nomad village on July 15, 2025. This special initiative aims to support remote workers by offering them modern facilities in a peaceful Himalayan setting. It also helps local families earn a steady income through homestays, especially during off-season months.

A New Way to Work: Digital Nomad Village in the Hills

The project, called ‘Nomad Sikkim’, is a joint effort by the Pakyong district administration and NGO Sarvahitey. It was created to solve the problem of seasonal income gaps for homestay owners, especially from April to October, when fewer tourists visit. The village now offers broadband-ready homestays where digital professionals can live and work comfortably.

Strong Internet and Reliable Power

To support remote workers, Yakten has been upgraded with dual internet lines, village-wide Wi-Fi, and power backup systems to prevent blackouts. These changes ensure that professionals can work without interruptions. The Jal Jeevan Mission is also working on improving the water supply in the village.

The village is easy to reach as it is well-connected by road and located near Pakyong Airport.

Homestays with a Local Touch

The homestays in Yakten are more than just rooms—they offer guests the chance to live with local families, enjoy home-cooked traditional food, and experience Sikkimese culture. Visitors can enjoy folk music, dance, and visits to monasteries and nature trails. These stays promote a blend of modern work and rural life.

Boosting the Local Economy

This new village model helps reduce the local community’s dependence on seasonal tourism. It gives steady income to families and shows how rural areas can join the digital economy while keeping their traditions alive. Experts believe this idea could be copied in other villages across India to promote sustainable and balanced growth.

Explore, Relax, and Work

Visitors can enjoy nature with peaceful walks, community gardens, and trails like the 7-km trek to Jhandi Dara View Point, offering amazing views of Mt. Kanchenjunga. Yakten combines work-friendly spaces with natural beauty and local heritage to offer a unique work-life balance.

₹4.77 Lakh Crore Refunded in FY25 as Tax System Improves

India’s income tax refunds have grown by 474% over the last 11 years, reaching ₹4.77 lakh crore in 2024–25, according to government data released in July 2025. This big rise is due to faster digital processing, which has made refunds quicker and smoother. It reflects the success of ongoing tax reforms aimed at making India’s tax system more efficient and user-friendly.

Digital Systems Speed Up Refunds

One of the main reasons behind the sharp rise in refunds is the use of digital technology in tax services. Over the years, the government has launched several steps like online filing, faceless assessments, and end-to-end digital processing. These have made the tax system faster, easier, and more transparent.

In 2013, it used to take an average of 93 days to get a refund. But by 2024, this has come down to just 17 days, saving time for millions of taxpayers. This shows how well digital systems are working.

Tax Collections Grow Too—but Slower

While refunds have grown by 474%, tax collections have also increased but at a slower rate of 274%. Total income tax collected rose from ₹7.22 lakh crore in 2013–14 to ₹27.03 lakh crore in 2024–25.

The share of refunds in total tax collections has also grown—from 11.5% in FY14 to 17.6% in FY25. This means more people are getting their excess taxes back in time.

More People Are Filing Returns

There has also been a big rise in the number of people filing income tax returns. In 2013, only 3.8 crore people filed returns. By 2024, that number has more than doubled to 8.89 crore—a growth of 133%.

In 2023–24, the tax department issued refunds worth ₹83,008 crore. In 2024–25, the total refunds reached a new high of ₹4.77 lakh crore.

A Stronger and More Reliable Tax System

Experts say the rise in refunds shows that India’s tax system is becoming mature and reliable. With better advance tax payment and TDS (Tax Deducted at Source) tracking, refunding extra payments has become regular and faster.

The government has also added features like pre-filled forms, automatic refund processing, real-time TDS updates, and online complaint handling. These have made the system easier and more trustworthy for taxpayers.

Retail Inflation Drops to 2.1% In June, Lowest Since 2018

India’s retail inflation dropped to 2.1% in June 2025, reaching its lowest level in over six years, according to government data released on July 14. The fall is mainly because of a sharp drop in food prices, especially vegetables and pulses. This is important as it may influence the Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) decisions on interest rates in the coming months.

Inflation Reaches 77-Month Low

India’s consumer inflation in June 2025 was recorded at 2.1%, falling from 2.8% in May. This is the lowest level in 77 months (over six years). The major reason behind this fall is declining food prices, especially vegetables, which were 19% cheaper than last year, and pulses, which fell by 12%.

At the same time, wholesale inflation also turned negative, touching -0.13%, the lowest in nearly two years. Food inflation entered deflation, meaning prices actually dropped compared to the previous year—something that hasn’t happened since April 2019.

What’s Becoming Cheaper—and What’s Not

Prices of vegetables, pulses, and even meat and fish went down, helping cool overall inflation. However, edible oils and fruits still remained costly, showing inflation rates of 17.8% and 12.6%, respectively. Egg prices rose slightly by 2.6%, marking a six-month high.

Outside food, prices of clothing and footwear eased a bit to 2.55%, but sectors like healthcare, transportation, and gold saw rising costs. This mixed trend shows that while food prices are cooling, some essential services still remain expensive.

RBI’s Response: Room for Rate Cuts?

Thanks to lower inflation, the RBI’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) has already cut interest rates three times since February 2025, including a 50 basis point cut in June. The current repo rate stands at 5.5%, down from 6.5% earlier this year.

Although inflation for the April–June quarter averaged 2.7%, below the RBI’s own estimate of 2.9%, experts believe the central bank may not reduce rates further immediately. Upasna Bhardwaj, Chief Economist at Kotak Mahindra Bank, said that even though inflation is comfortable, the RBI may pause rate cuts and wait to see how the economy reacts.

Current Affairs 15 July 2025

International Agreements and Diplomacy

India Signs 5-Year Fertilizer Deal with Saudi Arabia
India has signed a major 5-year agreement with Saudi Arabia’s Maaden company to secure 3.1 million metric tons of DAP fertilizer each year from 2025 to 2030. This deal, finalized during Minister JP Nadda’s visit to Saudi Arabia (July 11-13), marks a big increase from last year’s 1.9 million tons. Both nations will also explore cooperation in Urea supply, investments, and research for India-specific fertilizers. The agreement could extend for another five years if both sides agree.

Health and Pharma Cooperation
During the same visit, India and Saudi Arabia also discussed collaborations in digital health, pharma production, and healthcare services. A previously signed MoU on Health was highlighted as a foundation for deeper cooperation.

Governance and Appointments

Sonali Mishra Becomes First Woman to Head RPF
Sonali Mishra, a 1993-batch IPS officer, has been appointed as Director General of the Railway Protection Force (RPF). She is the first woman to hold this position. Her service will run until October 31, 2026. Mishra has earlier served in senior roles in BSF and intelligence units and has received several police honors.

President Murmu Appoints New Governors and LG
President Droupadi Murmu has appointed:

  • Prof. Ashim Kumar Ghosh as Governor of Haryana
  • Pusapati Ashok Gajapathi Raju as Governor of Goa
  • Kavinder Gupta as the new LG of Ladakh
    These appointments aim to enhance governance across states and UTs.

President Nominates Four Rajya Sabha Members
The President nominated four eminent personalities to the Rajya Sabha:

  • Ujjwal Nikam (lawyer)
  • C. Sadanandan Master (teacher and social worker)
  • Harsh Vardhan Shringla (former diplomat)
  • Dr. Meenakshi Jain (historian)

State Developments

Gujarat Joins Cruise Bharat Mission
Gujarat became the first state to support the Cruise Bharat Mission to promote cruise tourism. It plans to develop terminals and circuits connecting coastal attractions like Dwarka, Diu, and Porbandar. The project aims to boost jobs and tourism by 2029.

Assam Approves Welfare Schemes
Assam has increased pay for Gaon Pradhans and Anganwadi workers. It also launched the Gaja Mitra Scheme to handle human-elephant conflicts in eight districts. Students and monks will receive stipends, and artisans will benefit from tax reimbursements. Rabindranath Tagore University was renamed Rabindranath Thakur Vishwavidyalaya.

Sports

Wimbledon 2025 Results and Prize Money

  • Men’s Singles: Jannik Sinner beat Carlos Alcaraz (4–6, 6–4, 6–4, 6–4)
  • Women’s Singles: Iga Swiatek beat Amanda Anisimova (6–0, 6–0)
  • Men’s Doubles: Julian Cash/Lloyd Glasspool beat Hijikata/Pel (6–2, 7–6)
  • Women’s Doubles: Kudermetova/Mertens beat Ostapenko/Hsieh (3–6, 6–2, 6–4)
  • Mixed Doubles: Verbeek/Siniakova beat Stefani/Salisbury (7–6, 7–6)

Wimbledon Prize Money 2025

  • Singles winners: £3 million each
  • Doubles winners: £680,000 per team
  • Mixed Doubles: £135,000 per team
  • Total event fund: £53.5 million

India Joins Australia’s Military Exercise
India joined Exercise Talisman Sabre for the first time. This is Australia’s largest warfighting drill, involving 19 nations including the US. Over 35,000 troops are participating across Australia and Papua New Guinea.

Economy and Global Wealth

Millionaire Migration 2025
A record 142,000 millionaires are relocating globally in 2025. The top countries gaining HNWIs are:

  1. UAE (9,800)
  2. USA (7,500)
  3. Italy (3,600)
  4. Switzerland (3,000)
  5. Saudi Arabia (2,400)
  6. Singapore (1,600)
  7. Portugal (1,400)
  8. Greece (1,200)
  9. Canada (1,000)
  10. Australia (1,000)
    India ranks 57th with a net outflow of 3,500 millionaires.

Environment and Climate

India’s Most Polluted Cities in First Half of 2025
Byrnihat (Assam-Meghalaya border) is the most polluted city (PM2.5 = 133), followed by Delhi (87). Other polluted areas include Hajipur, Ghaziabad, and Talcher. Aizawl is the cleanest with PM2.5 at 8.

Antarctic Sea Ice at Record Lows
Studies show summer sea ice in Antarctica is melting faster than ever. Ocean temperatures are rising, ecosystems are suffering, and ice recovery is slowing down. This could have major global climate impacts.

Science and Innovation

India Launches Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL)
India launched the world’s first digital library to protect and share traditional medicine. The library uses AI to study Ayurveda, Unani, and other systems. WHO praised this effort as a step toward merging traditional knowledge with modern healthcare.

New Butterfly Discovered in Kerala
A new species, Zographetus mathewi, was discovered in the Western Ghats. Known as the Sahyadri Spotted Flitter, it was named in honor of entomologist George Mathew.

Entertainment and Celebrities

Highest Paid Actors of 2024
Top 10 highest-paid actors globally:

  1. Dwayne Johnson ($103M)
  2. Kevin Hart ($108M)
  3. Ryan Reynolds ($100M)
  4. Jerry Seinfeld ($70M)
  5. Hugh Jackman ($50M)
  6. Brad Pitt ($42M)
  7. Nicole Kidman ($41M) – only woman on the list
  8. George Clooney ($31M)
  9. Adam Sandler ($35M)
  10. Will Smith ($30M)

Obituaries

Veteran Actor Kota Srinivasa Rao Passes Away
Kota Srinivasa Rao, known for his work in Telugu cinema and politics, passed away at 83. He acted in over 750 films and won several awards including the Padma Shri.

Legendary Actress B. Saroja Devi Dies at 87
B. Saroja Devi, iconic star of Tamil, Kannada, Telugu, and Hindi cinema, died in Bengaluru. She was known for her roles in over 190 films and received honors like the Padma Bhushan.

Former Nigerian President Buhari Dies at 82
Muhammadu Buhari, Nigeria’s former military and elected president, passed away in London. He was a key political figure known for his discipline and anti-corruption campaigns.

Migration and Billionaire Watch

African-born Billionaires in US
Eight African-born billionaires are now among America’s richest immigrants, including Elon Musk, Patrick Soon-Shiong, and Adebayo Ogunlesi. Immigrants now make up 14% of US-based billionaires, most of whom are self-made and work in tech and finance.

List of Former Governors of Haryana (1966-2025)

Since its establishment in 1966, Haryana has been guided by a succession of governors who have played pivotal roles in shaping the state’s trajectory of progress and development. These esteemed individuals have brought diverse experiences and leadership styles to their roles, leaving indelible marks on Haryana’s governance landscape. Let’s delve into the list of former governors of Haryana and their contributions.

Governors of Haryana

The Governor holds the highest position in the state and serves as the representative of the central government in Haryana. According to the Indian Constitution, the Governor is considered the foremost citizen of the state. The Governor’s primary responsibility is to oversee the efficient operation of the state’s administration and to facilitate communication and cooperation between the state and the central government.

First Governor of Haryana

 

Dharma Vira served as the inaugural Governor of Haryana, holding office from November 1, 1966, to September 14, 1967. In his brief but significant tenure, Vira laid the groundwork for governance in the newly-formed state. As the first Governor, he pioneered administrative frameworks that set the course for Haryana’s development and progress within the Indian nation.

Current Governor of Haryana

 

Bandaru Dattatreya, born on June 12, 1947, is currently serving as the Governor of Haryana since 2021. A seasoned Indian politician, Dattatreya brings his wealth of experience to the role, ensuring effective governance and representation in the state. As the incumbent Governor, he plays a vital role in overseeing Haryana’s administration and fostering development initiatives.

Longest Serving Governor of Haryana

 

Birendra Narayan Chakraborty holds the record for the longest tenure as Governor of Haryana, spanning 8 years, 6 months, and 12 days, from September 15, 1967, to March 26, 1976. His remarkable stint marked a period of significant growth and development in Haryana, underlining his enduring dedication to the state’s progress and governance throughout his tenure.

Shortest Serving Governor of Haryana

 

Ranjit Singh Narula holds the distinction of the shortest tenure as Governor of Haryana, serving for merely 4 months and 18 days, from March 27, 1976, to August 13, 1976. Despite his brief term, Narula’s role was pivotal, albeit short-lived, in overseeing the state’s governance and ensuring the continuity of administrative functions during his tenure.

List of Former Governors of Haryana (1966-2025)

Since its establishment in 1966, Haryana, situated in northern India, has experienced a series of governors. These leaders have been instrumental in managing the state’s administrative affairs, upholding constitutional mandates, and fostering its growth. They serve as liaisons between the central government and Haryana, contributing significantly to its progress and governance landscape.

Here is the complete list of former Governors of Haryana from 1966 to 2025:

Former Governors of Haryana (1966-2025)
S. No. Name From To
1. Dharma Vira 1 Nov 1966 14 Sep 1967
2. Birendra Narayan Chakraborty 15 Sep 1967 26 Mar 1976
3. Ranjit Singh Narula 27 Mar 1976 13 Aug 1976
4. Jaisukh Lal Hathi 14 Aug 1976 23 Sep 1977
5. Sardar Harcharan Singh Brar 24 Sep 1977 9 Dec 1979
6. Justice Surjit Singh Sandhawalia 10 Dec 1979 27 Feb 1980
7. Ganpatrao Devji Tapase 28 Feb 1980 13 Jun 1984
8. Saiyid Muzaffar Husain Burney 14 June 1984 Feb 21 1988
9. Hari Anand Barari 22 Feb 1988 6 Feb 1990
10. Dhanik Lal Mandal 7 Feb 1990 13 Jun 1995
11. Mahabir Prasad 14 Jun 1995 18 Jun 2000
12. Babu Parmanand 19 Jun 2000 1 Jul 2004
13. Om Prakash Verma 2 Jul 2004 7 Jul 2004
14. Akhlaqur Rahman Kidwai 7 Jul 2004 27 Jul 2009
15. Jagannath Prasad 27 Jul 2009 26 Jul 2014
16. Kaptan Singh Solanki 27 Jul 2014 25 Aug 2018
17. Satyadev Narayan Arya 25 Aug 2018 6 Jul 2021
18. Bandaru Dattatreya 7 Jul 2021 Incumbent
19. Prof. Ashim Kumar Ghosh TBA

 

In Which State/ Union Territory is Kishtwar National Park Located?

India has many beautiful national parks that protect wildlife and nature. These parks are found in different parts of the country, often in forests, mountains or near rivers. They provide a safe home for many animals and birds, some of which are very rare. One such national park is known for its snow-covered mountains, rich forests and unique animals. Let’s learn more about where it is located.

Location of Kishtwar National Park

Kishtwar National Park is situated in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir in northern India. It is located about 40 kilometers from Kishtwar town in the Kishtwar district. The park lies in the Himalayan region and is known for its beautiful mountains, forests, rivers and rare wildlife like snow leopards and brown bear.

When was it Declared a National Park?

Kishtwar National Park was officially declared a national park on 4 February 1981. It was created to protect the forests, rivers, mountains and the animals that live there.

Area and Altitude of Kishtwar National Park

  • Total Area: 2,190.50 square kilometers
  • Altitude Range: From 1,700 meters to 4,800 meters above sea level.

The park has rugged terrain, deep valleys and steep ridges. It lies in the Great Himalayan region and includes glaciers, rivers and rocky mountain slopes.

Natural Features

Several rivers and streams, like Kiar, Nath and Kibar Nalas, flow through the park. These joint he Marwah River, which later meets the Chenab River. The land is made of strong rocks like granite and marble, and the soil is shallow and slightly alkaline.

Vegetation of the National Park

Kishtwar National Park has many types of forests depending on the height:

  • 2,400 – 3,000 m: Silver fir, spruce, deodar and blue pine.
  • 1,700 – 2,400 m: Cedar, blue pine, horse chestnut, walnut, maple, poplar and ash
  • 3,000 – 3,700 m: Silver fir and birch trees
  • Above 3,700 m: Alpine meadows and rhododendron bushes

Wildlife in the Kishtwar National Park

The park is home to many rare animals and birds, including:

  • Snow leopards
  • Brown bears
  • Himalayan snowcocks
  • Musk deer
  • Monals and wild goats

These animals live in the forests, grasslands and mountain slopes.

List of Countries Starting with Letter E, Know About Them

There are around 195 countries in the world, each with its own name, flag, language and culture. Some countries share the same starting letter. In this article, we will explore the countries that begin with the letter ‘E.’ These countries are located in different parts of the world and are known for their unique history, geography and traditions. Let’s take a closer look at them.

List of Countries Starting with Letter E

There are a few countries in the world whose names start with the letter E. These countries are found in different parts of the world, including Africa, Europe and Central America. Each of them has its own unique culture, language and natural beauty.

Here are the names of countries starting with the letter ‘E’:

  • Ecuador
  • Egypt
  • EI Salvador
  • (Republic of) Equatorial Guinea
  • Eritrea
  • Estonia
  • Eswatini
  • Ethiopia

Ecuador

  • Continent: South America
  • Capital: Quito
  • Currency:

Ecuador is a country in northwestern South America. It shares borders with Colombia to the north, Peru to the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It also includes the famous Galápagos Islands, located about 1,000 km from the mainland. The capital is Quito, and the largest city is Guayaquil.

Egypt

  • Continent: Transcontinental country
  • Capital: Cairo
  • Currency:

Egypt is a country located in both Africa and Asia, connected by the Sinai Peninsula. It borders the Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Israel, Sudan and Libya. Its capital and largest city is Cairo, while Alexandria is a major industrial and tourist center. Egypt has over 107 million people, making it Africa’s third-most populous country.

EI Salvador

  • Continent: North America
  • Capital: San Salvador
  • Currency:

Ethiopia is a country in the Horn of Africa, known for its ancient history, the famous rock-hewn churches of Lalibela, and as the birthplace of coffee. Its landscape features the Great Rift Valley and Ethiopian Highlands. Ethiopia shares borders with countries like Eritrea, Somalia, Sudan, South Sudan and Kenya.

Republic of Equatorial Guinea

  • Continent: Africa
  • Capital: Malabo
  • Currency:

Equatorial Guinea is a small country on the west coast of Central Africa, covering about 28,000 square kilometers. Once known as Spanish Guinea, it got its name from its location near the Equator and the Guinea region. Most of its people belong to the Fang ethnic group, followed by the Bubi of Bioko Island.

Eritrea

  • Continent: Africa
  • Capital: Asmara
  • Currency:

Eritrea is a country in East Africa’s Horn of Africa region, with its capital and largest city as Asmara. It shares borders with Ethiopia, Sudan and Djibouti, and has a long coastline along the Red Sea. The country covers around 117,600 square kilometers and includes islands like the Dahlak Archipelago and Hanish Islands.

Estonia

  • Continent: Europe
  • Capital: Tallinn
  • Currency:

Estonia is a country in Northern Europe, bordered by Finland, Sweden, Latvia and Russia. It includes the mainland and over 2,300 islands, including Saaremaa and Hiiumaa. The capital is Tallinn and Tartu is another major city. With around 1.4 million people, Estonia is one of the least populous EU and NATO members.

Eswatini

  • Continent: Africa
  • Capital: Has 2 Capitals (Mbabane and Lobamba)
  • Currency:

Eswatini, formerly known as Swaziland, is a small landlocked country in Southern Africa. It is surrounded by South Africa, except in the northeast where it borders Mozambique. Though small in size, Eswatini has a variety of landscapes, from cool mountains to hot lowlands, offering rich natural diversity.

Ethiopia

  • Continent: Africa
  • Capital: Addis Ababa
  • Currency:

Ethiopia is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa, covering about 1.1 million square kilometers. It borders countries like Eritrea, Somalia, Kenya and Sudan. With around 128 million people, it is Africa’s second-most populous country. The capital, Addis Ababa, lies near the East African Rift.

Top 10 Highest Paid Actors In The World

In the modern entertainment world, actors are no longer just performers—they are powerful global brands. With blockbuster films, exclusive streaming content, production houses, brand deals, and private business ventures, today’s top stars are raking in millions in ways that go far beyond just salaries.

The highest-paid actors of 2024 show how talent, strategic partnerships, and global reach can turn movie stars into business icons. Interestingly, this year’s list features only one woman, underlining the persistent gender gap in top-tier film earnings.

Let’s take a closer look at the world’s highest-earning actors and what contributed to their income over the past year.

Top 10 Highest Paid Actors in the World – 2024 Earnings

Rank Actor 2024 Earnings (USD in millions)
1 Dwayne Johnson 103
2 Kevin Hart 108
3 Ryan Reynolds 100
4 Jerry Seinfeld 70
5 Hugh Jackman 50
6 Brad Pitt 42
7 Nicole Kidman 41
8 George Clooney 31
9 Adam Sandler 35
10 Will Smith 30

Dwayne Johnson

Dwayne Johnson leads the global list with 103 million dollars in total earnings. His paycheck includes:

  • A record-setting 50 million dollar deal for Red One, the largest ever for a streaming film

  • Backend profits from Moana 2, which grossed over one billion dollars

  • Partnerships with top brands like Under Armour, Ford, and ZOA Energy

With nearly 400 million Instagram followers, he remains one of the most influential figures in the entertainment world.

Ryan Reynolds

Ryan Reynolds earned 100 million dollars, largely from his multiple roles in Deadpool & Wolverine as actor, producer, and co-writer. His company Maximum Effort contributed heavily to the film’s billion-dollar success. Reynolds also profits from investments in Mint Mobile, Aviation Gin, and various Hulu and Netflix projects.

Kevin Hart

With 108 million dollars in earnings, Kevin Hart ranked among the top. His diverse roles include:

  • Stand-up comedian and host

  • Star of multiple streaming projects

  • Brand ambassador for Chase and DraftKings

His entrepreneurial reach makes him one of the most marketable stars in Hollywood.

Jerry Seinfeld

Jerry Seinfeld made 70 million dollars, thanks to:

  • Continued royalties from the Seinfeld show

  • Netflix film Unfrosted

  • A busy global comedy tour

Despite being 70, Seinfeld remains a top draw in both television and live entertainment.

Hugh Jackman

Returning as Wolverine in Deadpool & Wolverine, Hugh Jackman earned 50 million dollars, his career-best. Alongside acting, he remains active in:

  • Broadway and film production

  • Brand deals with Montblanc and Micromax

Brad Pitt

Brad Pitt pulled in 42 million dollars, from:

  • His role in the F1 movie and Wolfs

  • Revenue from his production company Plan B

  • Endorsements with Chanel, Heineken, and De’Longhi

George Clooney

Known for selective projects, George Clooney earned 31 million dollars, mostly from Apple’s Wolfs. He continues to be one of the industry’s most consistent earners thanks to high-value film deals.

Nicole Kidman

The only woman on this list, Nicole Kidman, earned 41 million dollars. Her income includes:

  • Over one million dollars per episode across major streaming series

  • Lead roles in A Family Affair and Babygirl

  • Voice acting and production credits

Adam Sandler

Adam Sandler brought in 35 million dollars, mostly through:

  • Netflix deals (Spaceman, Happy Gilmore 2)

  • Campaigns with Pepsi and Subway

  • Long-term streaming popularity of his classic films

Will Smith

Will Smith rounded out the top 10 with 30 million dollars, fueled by the billion-dollar success of Bad Boys: Ride or Die. He also benefited from:

  • Brand endorsements with Adobe and Insta360

  • Continued earnings as a producer and entrepreneur

Top 10 Countries for Millionaire Migration in 2025

A major shift is underway in how global wealth is moving. In 2025, according to the Henley Private Wealth Migration Report, an estimated 142,000 millionaires are expected to migrate to new countries. This figure is projected to rise even further to 165,000 in 2026. This movement marks one of the largest voluntary shifts in private wealth in modern history.

These migrations are being driven by several factors: favorable tax regimes, safe and luxurious lifestyles, political stability, and access to global business hubs. In this context, countries are not only competing for skilled workers and investments, but also actively attracting high-net-worth individuals (HNWIs) to build stronger financial ecosystems.

Let’s explore the top 10 countries that are expected to receive the highest number of millionaire migrants in 2025.

Top 10 Countries for Millionaire Migration in 2025

Rank Country Millionaire Migration Wealth Inflow (USD) Millionaire Growth Percentage
1 United Arab Emirates 9,800 63 billion 98 percent
2 United States 7,500 43.7 billion 78 percent
3 Italy 3,600 20.7 billion 20 percent
4 Switzerland 3,000 16.8 billion 28 percent
5 Saudi Arabia 2,400 18.4 billion 55 percent
6 Singapore 1,600 8.9 billion 62 percent
7 Portugal 1,400 8.1 billion 38 percent
8 Greece 1,200 7.7 billion 24 percent
9 Canada 1,000 5.7 billion 26 percent
10 Australia 1,000 5.6 billion 30 percent

United Arab Emirates

The UAE remains the leading destination for millionaire migration, with a forecast of 9,800 new millionaires relocating there in 2025. Dubai and Abu Dhabi continue to attract wealthy individuals due to:

  • Business-friendly laws
  • World-class infrastructure
  • Safety and tax advantages
  • The highly successful golden visa program

The UAE is seeing strong interest from wealthy individuals in the UK, India, Russia, Africa, and Southeast Asia. Its projected wealth inflow for 2025 is valued at 63 billion US dollars, with a 98 percent increase in its millionaire population.

United States

The United States remains a top destination for wealth migration, expecting to attract 7,500 millionaires in 2025. It offers:

  • Access to the world’s largest economy
  • Renowned education and healthcare systems
  • Strong business and innovation environments

Its millionaire growth is projected at 78 percent, and the total wealth inflow is estimated to be 43.7 billion US dollars.

Italy

Italy has emerged as a surprising winner, ranking third globally with 3,600 millionaires expected to move there. This rise is credited to:

  • Lifestyle appeal in cities like Rome, Milan, and Florence
  • New tax incentives for wealthy foreigners
  • Rich cultural and historic value

Italy is projected to gain 20.7 billion US dollars in private wealth, with a 20 percent growth in millionaire population.

Switzerland

With its long-standing reputation for banking privacy and political neutrality, Switzerland continues to attract HNWIs. In 2025, it is set to welcome 3,000 millionaires, bringing in an estimated 16.8 billion US dollars in new wealth.

The country is experiencing a 28 percent rise in its millionaire population, reflecting strong global trust in its economic system.

Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia is the fastest riser in this year’s ranking. It is projected to gain 2,400 new millionaires, many of whom are returning citizens or international investors drawn to:

  • Rapid economic reforms under Vision 2030
  • Mega-projects like NEOM
  • New lifestyle offerings in cities such as Riyadh and Jeddah

The country will see an inflow of around 18.4 billion US dollars, with a 55 percent surge in millionaire growth.

Singapore

A major Asian wealth hub, Singapore continues to attract entrepreneurs and investors, particularly from China, India, and Southeast Asia. With 1,600 millionaires expected to arrive in 2025, it offers:

  • A highly regulated but low-tax environment
  • Global connectivity
  • Political and social stability

Singapore’s projected wealth inflow is 8.9 billion US dollars, and millionaire growth is pegged at 62 percent.

Portugal

Portugal ranks seventh on the list, drawing in 1,400 new millionaires thanks to its:

  • Golden visa program
  • Quality of life
  • Coastal real estate and favorable climate

Portugal is expected to gain 8.1 billion US dollars in new wealth and record a 38 percent increase in its HNWI population.

Greece

Greece follows closely, with 1,200 millionaires projected to migrate there. The country has become attractive due to:

  • Low cost of living for Europe
  • Investment opportunities in tourism and property
  • The golden visa scheme

It will gain an estimated 7.7 billion US dollars, with a 24 percent increase in its millionaire count.

Canada

Canada continues to be a preferred destination for wealthy individuals looking for political stability, quality healthcare, and peaceful living. With 1,000 millionaire arrivals forecasted for 2025, Canada offers:

  • A strong passport
  • Safe investment opportunities
  • High education standards

Its expected wealth inflow is 5.7 billion US dollars, with a 26 percent millionaire growth rate.

Australia

Tied with Canada in net millionaire inflow, Australia will also welcome 1,000 millionaires in 2025. Although it has seen declining numbers compared to previous years, the country remains attractive for its:

  • Stable government
  • Strong real estate market
  • Access to Asia-Pacific business networks

Australia is expected to add 5.6 billion US dollars to its economy from this migration, with a 30 percent increase in HNWIs.

India’s Position in 2025

India is not among the top 10 destinations for millionaire migration in 2025. Instead, it ranks 57th globally, with a net outflow of around 3,500 millionaires. Many Indian HNWIs are relocating for:

  • Better lifestyle
  • Safer environments
  • Educational and financial advantages abroad

Despite this outflow, India’s millionaire population has grown by 72 percent in the last decade, indicating strong internal wealth creation.

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