Ancient Tools Found In Telangana's Mulugu District

The Mulugu district of Telangana has become the stage for an unexpected archaeological revelation following the devastating floods in July 2023. Amidst the aftermath of the natural disaster, a team of amateur historians stumbled upon a collection of paleolithic quartzite tools that have not only captivated the local community but also pushed back the understanding of human habitations in Telangana and central India.

The Unearthed Treasures

Sriramoju Haragopal, the leader of the enthusiastic team, explained that the discovery occurred in the sand bed of a stream that had dried up after the flood. The exposed tools, identified as hand axes, were found between Gurrevula and Bhupatipuram villages in Mulugu district. The significant find was a stone axe measuring 15.5cm in length, 11cm in width, and 5.5cm in thickness. Eleswaram Janardanachari, a dedicated researcher, was the one who made this remarkable discovery.

Time Travel Through Paleolithic Periods

According to paleontologist Ravi Korisettar, the stone axe belongs to the Lower Paleolithic period, dating back approximately 30 lakh (3 million) years ago. The Paleolithic Age, also known as the Old Stone Age or Early Stone Age, spans an extensive period dating back to about 33 lakh (3.3 million) years BC and lasting for 10,000 years. This newfound artifact adds a significant layer to the historical timeline of human existence in the region.

Tool Identification and Purpose

The identification of the tools was based on various factors such as chipping style, material, and size. Haragopal explained that Paleolithic hunter-gatherers commonly used heavy quartzite for crafting large tools like these hand axes. Similar tools have been discovered worldwide and were likely utilized for cutting wood and hunting animals for sustenance.

Comparative Insights

In a historical context, this discovery draws parallels with the findings of the East India Company’s Geological Survey team in 1863. At Attirampakkam near Madras (present-day Chennai), bifacial hand-axes made of stone were uncovered, dating back approximately 15 lakh (1.5 million) years. This earlier discovery marked the establishment of the Paleolithic culture, labeled as the Madras Hand-Axe Industry or Madrasian Culture.