Cricket Terminology
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the center of which is a 22-yard (20-meter) pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The game proceeds when a player on the fielding team, called the bowler, “bowls” (propels) the ball from one end of the pitch towards the wicket at the other end. The batting side’s players attempt to prevent the ball from striking the wicket, and to score runs by striking the ball bowled at the wicket with the bat and then running between the wickets, while the fielding side tries to prevent this (by getting the ball and returning it to the wicket) and dismiss each batter (so they are “out”).
Basic Cricket Terms
A. Batting – The art of scoring runs with the bat.
B. Bowling – The act of delivering the ball to the batsman.
C. Fielding – The defensive aspect of the game, including catching, stopping the ball, and preventing runs.
D. Wicket – The set of three stumps and two bails, representing the target for bowlers to dismiss batsmen.
II. Batting Terms
A. Batsman – The player who uses the bat to score runs.
B. Runs – Points scored by batsmen through hitting the ball.
C. Boundary – When the ball crosses the boundary rope, usually resulting in four or six runs.
D. Wicketkeeper – The player who stands behind the stumps and is responsible for catching balls and stumping batsmen.
III. Bowling Terms
A. Bowler – The player who delivers the ball to the batsman.
B. Delivery – The act of bowling a single ball.
C. Over – A set of six deliveries bowled by one bowler.
D. Wicket-taking Delivery – A ball that dismisses a batsman.
IV. Fielding Terms
A. Fielder – A player responsible for stopping the ball and attempting to dismiss batsmen.
B. Catch – Successfully grabbing the ball in the air to dismiss a batsman.
C. Run Out – Dismissing a batsman by hitting the stumps with the ball while the batsmen are attempting a run.
D. Boundary Fielder – A fielder positioned near the boundary to prevent the ball from crossing for a boundary.
V. Cricket Scoring Terms
A. Extras – Runs scored without the batsman hitting the ball, including byes and leg byes.
B. Duck – When a batsman is dismissed without scoring any runs.
C. Century – Scoring 100 runs in a single innings.
D. Hat-Trick – A bowler taking three wickets in consecutive deliveries.
VI. Game Situations and Strategies
A. Powerplay – The initial overs in limited-overs formats where fielding restrictions apply.
B. Declaration – The act of a team captain ending their team’s innings voluntarily.
C. Follow-on – When a team enforces the opponent to bat again without having to bat themselves in the second innings.
D. Duckworth-Lewis Method – A rain-affected match calculation method to determine target scores.
VII. Umpiring and Decision-Making
A. Umpire – The match official responsible for enforcing the rules.
B. LBW (Leg Before Wicket) – A mode of dismissal when the ball hits the batsman’s leg and, in the umpire’s judgment, would have hit the stumps.
VIII. Cricket Equipment
A. Cricket Bat – The flat, elongated piece of wood used by batsmen.
B. Cricket Ball – The hard, leather-covered ball used in the game.
C. Helmet – Protective headgear worn by batsmen and fielders.
D. Stumps and Bails – The wicket structure comprising three vertical stumps and two horizontal bails.
IX. Cricket Formats
A. Test Cricket – The longest and traditional format, played over five days.
B. One-Day Internationals (ODIs) – Limited-overs format with each team batting and bowling for a set number of overs.
C. Twenty20 (T20) – The shortest and most dynamic format with each team batting and bowling for 20 overs.
X. Cricket Tournament Terminology
A. Series – A set of matches played between two teams.
B. World Cup – Prestigious international tournaments held for various formats.
Understanding these cricket terminologies will enhance your appreciation of the game and its nuances, whether you’re a player, fan, or simply interested in the sport.
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