Who is Known as the Father of the Punjabi Novel?

The Punjabi novel has a rich history with deep roots in storytelling. It has evolved over time, reflecting the culture, struggles and everyday lives of people. The person who played a major role in shaping the Punjabi novel introduced modern themes and social issues through its writings. His works became popular and influenced many writers. Due to his contributions, he is given a special title in Punjabi literature.

Father of the Punjabi Novel

Nanak Singh is known as the Father of the Punjabi Novel. Born in 1897, he wrote over 50 books, bringing modern storytelling to Punjabi literature. His novels focused on social issues, the freedom struggle and real-life challenges. His famous works include Pavittar Papi and Chitta Lahu. He won the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1962, and his books remain popular today.

Early Life of Nanak Singh

Nanak Singh was born as Hans Raj on July 4, 1897, in Jhelum, which is now in Pakistan. He came from a poor Hindu family but later converted to Sikhism, changing his name to Nanak Singh. He did not receive a formal education but developed a passion for writing at a young age. He started by writing devotional songs and poems about historical events.

Role in India’s Freedom Movement

Nanak Singh was deeply affected by the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre of 1919, where British soldiers killed hundreds of innocent people. He was present during the incident, and two of his friends were killed. This tragedy inspired him to write Khomeini Visayans – Bloody Baisakhi, a poem that criticized British rule. The British banned his book and later arrested him for supporting the Indian independence movement.

Writing Career and Famous Works of Nanak Singh

While in jail, Nanak Singh began writing novels. His first major success was Chitta Lahu (White Blood), published in 1932. His books often talked about social issues, freedom struggles and real-life characters. Some of his most famous novels include:

• Pavittar Papi (Saintly Sinner)
• Ik Mian Do Talwaran (One Sheath, Two Shords)
• Adh Khidya Phul (Half-Bloomed Flower)
• Khoon De Sohile (Songs of Blood)

His works were later translated into multiple languages, including Hindi, English and Russian.

Recognition and Awards

Nanak Singh became one of the most popular Punjabi novelists. In 1960, he received Punjab’s highest literacy award, and in 1962, he won the Sahitya Akademi Award for his novel Ik Mian Do Talwaran. His novel Pavittar Papi was even made into a Bollywood movie in 1970, featuring actor Balraj Sahni.

Influence of Nanak Singh on Punjabi Literature

Nanak Singh wrote over 50 books, including novels, short stories and plays. Before him, Punjabi literature was mostly focused on religious texts and poetry, but he introduced modern storytelling. His books talked about common people’s struggles, social justice and the fight against oppression. Because of this, he is called the Father of the Punjabi Novel.

Death and Legacy of Father of the Punjabi Novel

Nanak Singh passed away on December 28, 1971, but his work continues to inspire people. In 1998, the Indian government honored him by releasing a postal stamp with his image. His centenary was celebrated in 1997, and his novels are still widely read today.