Sarojini Naidu was an important leader in India’s fight for independence. She was also a poet, known as the “Nightingale of India” for her beautiful poetry. She became the first Indian woman to led the Indian National Congress and the first woman Governor in independent India. She worked hard for women’s rights and inspired many people with her speeches and writings.
Early Life and Education of Sarojini Naidu
Sarojini Naidu was born on February 13, 1879, in Hyderabad. Her father, Aghorenath Chattopadhyay, was a scholar and principal of Nizam’s college. She was a brilliant student and had a talent for writing from a young age. She studied in Madras, London and Cambridge and knew many languages, including English, Urdu, Bengali, Telugu and Persian. She published her first book of poems, The Golden Threshold, in 1905.
Role in India’s Freedom Movement
Sarojini Naidu joined the Indian National Congress in 1904 and became a strong supporter of Mahatma Gandhi. She took part in major freedom struggles, such as the Salt March in 1930. She was arrested several times and spent over 21 months in jail. In 1925, she became the first Indian woman to be elected as the President of the Indian National Congress. She also worked for women’s rights and encouraged women to join the fight for independence.
First Woman Governor of India
After India became independent in 1947, Sarojini Naidu was appointed as the first woman Governor of Uttar Pradesh. She served in this role until her death on March 2, 1949, in Lucknow.
Legacy of Sarojini Naidu
Sarojini Naidu’s poems are known for their beautiful words and deep meanings. One of her famous poems, In the Bazaars of Hyderabad, describes the colorful markets of India. She wrote about love, nature and patriotism. Mahatma Gandhi gave her the title “Nightingale of India” because of her poetic talent.
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