Timeline of India-Canada Tensions: A Diplomatic Downturn

Tensions between India and Canada have escalated significantly, particularly following the murder of Sikh separatist Hardeep Singh Nijjar in June 2023. This incident triggered a series of diplomatic retaliations, including the expulsion of Indian diplomats by Canada and subsequent expulsions by India. The conflict has deep roots, dating back to controversies involving Sikh separatism and criticisms exchanged over various issues, including farmer protests in India. Below is a timeline detailing key events that have contributed to the strained relations.

Key Events Timeline

• February 2018: Trudeau’s Controversial Dinner
  Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s visit to India included a dinner that caused diplomatic outrage when a former Sikh separatist, Jaspal Singh Atwal, was invited. Atwal’s past involvement in a politically motivated assassination led to India’s displeasure, forcing Trudeau to rescind the invitation.

• December 2020: Farmers’ Protests
  Trudeau expressed support for Indian farmers protesting against new agricultural laws. India’s government responded angrily, criticizing Trudeau’s comments as unwarranted interference in domestic matters.
• June 2023: Nijjar’s Assassination
  Hardeep Singh Nijjar, a designated terrorist by India, was shot dead outside a Sikh temple in Canada. His killing intensified diplomatic tensions, particularly following India’s condemnation of a Canadian parade depicting the assassination of former PM Indira Gandhi.
• September 2023: Trade Negotiations Halted
  Canada paused trade negotiations with India, which were reportedly in response to ongoing tensions. Diplomatic expulsions between the two countries escalated as Canada accused India of being involved in Nijjar’s murder.
• October 2023: Diplomatic Expulsions
  Canada expelled six Indian diplomats, prompting India to expel an equal number of Canadian diplomats. India cited interference in internal affairs as the reason for the expulsion.
• May 2024: Arrests in Nijjar’s Murder
  Three men were arrested in Canada, charged with first-degree murder and conspiracy related to Nijjar’s death. The investigation remains ongoing, with authorities indicating that more suspects may be involved.

• October 2024: Further Diplomatic Strain
  Canada expelled six Indian diplomats, with claims of clear evidence linking them to Nijjar’s murder. Canadian officials emphasized the need for accountability in the ongoing investigation.

Crux of the Matter

The ongoing diplomatic conflict between India and Canada has its roots in historical tensions over Sikh separatism, criticisms of domestic policies, and the assassination of Hardeep Singh Nijjar. Recent events, including mutual expulsions of diplomats and investigations into Nijjar’s killing, have further exacerbated the situation, signaling a significant downturn in bilateral relations.