Friedrich Merz is a German politician and the leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). After winning the 2025 federal elections, he is set to become the next chancellor of Germany. Merz is known for his business-friendly approach, strict immigration policies and efforts to strengthen Germany’s position in the European Union. His leadership comes at a time when Germany faces economic struggles, international challenges and the rise of far-right politics.
Early Life and Political Career of Friedrich Merz
Friedrich Merz was born in 1955 and is 69 years old (as of 2025). He began his political journey in 1989 as a member of the European Parliament. In 1994, he joined the German Bundestag (Parliament) and became the CDU’s parliamentary leader in 2000. However, he lost his position in 2002 and later left politics in 2009 to work in finance.
During his time away from politics, Merz worked as a lawyer and also served as chairman of BlackRock Germany. In 2021, he made a political comeback, taking over CDU’s leadership after Angela Merkel’s retirement.
CDU’s Election Victory in 2025
In the 2025 elections, Merz led the CDU/ CSU alliance to victory, securing 28.5% of the votes. The ruling Social Democrats (SPD), led by Olaf Scholz, received only 16%. The far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) doubled its support, making this election a turning point in German politics.
Key Policies of Friedrich Merz
Friedrich Merz has clear plans for Germany’s future. His main focus is on boosting the economy, controlling immigration and strengthening Germany’s role in global politics. Here are some of his key policies and what they mean for the country.
Economic Reforms
Merz supports lower taxes and simplified tax regulations. He believes tax returns should be so simple that they fit on a beer coaster. He also wants to cut unnecessary business regulations and review Germany’s financial policies to encourage investment.
Immigration and Security
He advocates for stricter border controls to reduce illegal migration. Some critics believe his stance aligns with AfD’s policies, but Merz denies any cooperation with them.
Foreign Relations
- European Union: He aims to strengthen Germany’s role in the EU and promotes European unity.
- United States: Initially influenced by Donald Trump’s business strategies, Merz later distanced himself due to Trump’s changing views on Russia.
- Ukraine and Russia: He supports sending advanced military aid to Ukraine and strongly opposes any friendly policies toward Russia.
Challenges Ahead
- Economic Struggles: Germany faces high energy costs and a slowing economy. Merz plans to encourage investment and update financial policies to boost growth.
- Relations with the U.S.: Political changes in the U.S. could impact Germany’s long-standing alliance. Merz aims to strengthen the EU’s independence in global affairs.
- Migration Issues: Germany needs to manage border control while also fulfilling humanitarian responsibilities for refugees.
- The Rise of Far-Right Politics: Merz must keep CDU separate from the far-right AfD while handling a divided political environment.
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