India is blessed with some of the most beautiful railway routes in the world, offering breathtaking views of mountains, rivers, forests and valleys. Travelling by train in India is not just about reaching your destination – it’s about enjoying the journey itself. These scenic train rides take you through nature’s wonders, making every trip a memorable experience for travellers and adventure lovers alike.

Top-5 Most Beautiful Indian Railway Routes

The Indian Railways is the lifeline of our country, carrying millions of passengers every day. While it is known for being affordable and convenient, some train routes offer unforgettable views of nature. From mountains and valleys to rivers, deserts and the sea, these scenic journeys are a treat for the eyes and soul.

Here are the names of top-5 most beautiful Indian railway routes:

• Konkan Railway
• Darjeeling Himalayan Railway
• Himalayan Queen
• Kangra Valley Railway
• Desert Queen

Konkon Railway

Route: Mumbai to Goa

This stunning route runs along the Arabian Sea and is one of the most breathtaking train journeys in India.

• Highlights: Green hills, sparkling rivers, waterfalls and long bridges.
• Best time to visit: Monsoon season when waterfalls are at their peak. The train passes through tunnels and coastal landscapes, making it an unforgettable experience for nature lovers.

Darjeeling Himalayan Railway

Route: New Jalpaiguri to Darjeeling

Also known as the Toy Train, this route is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

• Highlights: Tea gardens, pine forests and spectacular views of Mount Kanchenjunga.
• Best time to visit: October to December for clear mountain views. The slow-moving train allows travellers to soak in the beauty of the Himalayan hills.

Himalayan Queen

Route: Kalka to Shimla

A famous hill railway route, this journey offers a mix of thrill and beauty.

• Highlights: 103 tunnels, 800 bridges and 900 curves through the mountains.
• Best time to visit: Summer for pleasant weather, winter for snowy landscapes. It’s a 5-hour ride that captures the charm of the hills and forests of Himachal Pradesh.

Kangra Valley Railway

Route: Pathankot to Joginder Nagar

This lesser-known route is a hidden gem in the Himalayan region.

• Highlights: Snow-capped Dhauladhar mountain range, rivers and green valleys.
• Best time to visit: March to June and September to November. The slow pace of the train gives plenty of time to enjoy the peaceful mountain views.

Desert Queen

Route: Jaisalmer to Jodhpur

This journey offers a glimpse into the garden beauty of Rajasthan’s Thar Desert.

• Highlights: Sand dunes, desert wildlife and traditional Rajasthani village.
• Best time to visit: Winter months for comfortable travel. Travelling through the dry yet fascinating desert landscapes makes this route truly unique.

India celebrates Independence Day every year on 15th August to remember the historic day in 1947 when our nation became free from British rule. It is a day of pride, unity, and honour for all Indians. In 2025, many people are wondering whether it will be the 78th or 79th Independence Day. Let’s understand the correct answer in a simple way.

Independence Day 2025

On Friday, 15 August 2025, India will proudly celebrate its 79th Independence Day, remembering the day in 1947 when the country became free from British rule. This day stands as a symbol of India’s journey from being a colonized nation to becoming the largest democracy in the world. It is a time to honour freedom fighters, celebrate unity, and look forward to the nation’s future.

Is 78th or 79th Independence Day Celebrated in 2025?

On 15 August 2025, India will celebrate its 79th Independence Day. The confusion comes because many subtract 1947 from 2025 and get 78, thinking it’s the 78th. But the first Independence Day in 1947 is counted as the 1st, so 2025 marks the 79th celebration of India’s freedom.

Is it Really the 79th Independence Day?

Yes! In 2025, it will officially be the 79th Independence Day. The confusion comes from how people count the years.

Many subtract 1947 to 2025. They then mistakenly think it’s the 78th Independence Day. But the first Independence Day in 1947 is counted as the 1st.

So:

• 1947 – 1st Independence Day
• 2024 – 78th Independence Day
• 2025 – 79th Independence Day

Why the Count Matters?

The count is not about the number of years completed – it’s about the number of times the day has been celebrated? That’s why 15 August 2025 will mark the 79th celebration of India’s Independence.

How Independence Day is Celebrated?

The celebrations will follow India’s long-standing traditions:

• Flag hoisting at the Red Fort by the Prime Minister.
• PM’s Address to the Nation outlining achievements and future plans.
• Cultural programs, patriotic songs and parades in schools, colleges and communities.
• Flag hoisting ceremonies across states, districts and Indian embassies abroad.

Security will be very tight in major cities, especially around the Red Fort in Delhi.

Why Independence Day is Special?

Independence Day is not just about remembering history – it’s about:

• Honouring sacrifices of freedom fighters.
• Celebrating unity among diverse communities.
• Inspiring the youth to contribute to the nation.
• Reflecting on progress since Independence.

The Vice President of India is the second-highest constitutional office in the country, just after the President of India. This post was created under Article 63 of the Indian Constitution, which clearly states, ”There shall be a Vice-President of India.”

While the role is somewhere similar to that of the Vice President of the United States, there is one big difference – in India, if teh President’s position becomes vacant, the Vice President only acts as the President until a new President is elected, instead of completing the rest of the term like in the U.S.

Who Elects the Vice President?

The Vice President is not elected directly by the people. Instead, he or she is chosen through an indirect election as per Article 66(1) of the Constitution.

The electoral college for this election includes:

• All elected and nominated members of the Lok Sabha (House of the People)
• All elected and nominated members of the Rajya Sabha (Council of States)

How the Election is Conducted?

The election uses a proportional representation system through a simple transferable vote method. Voting is done through a secret ballot, which means no one can know who a member voted for.

Qualifications to Become Vice President

According to Article 66(3), a person must meet the following requirements:

• Must be a citizen of India
• Must be at least 35 years old
• Must be eligible to become a Rajya Sabha member
• Cannot hold any office of profit under the Government of India, any State Government or any local authority.

If a sitting Member of Parliament or State Legislature is elected as Vice President, they must give up their seat.

Term of the Vice President

As per Article 67, the Vice President’s term is five years from the day they take office. However:

• They can resign anytime by giving a letter to the President of India.
• They can be removed if the Rajya Sabha passes a resolution with a majority vote and the Lok Sabha agrees to it. A 14-day notice must be given before such a resolution.
• They can continue in office until the next Vice President takes over.

When there is a Vacancy?

Under Article 68, if the Vice President’s seat becomes vacant because of death, resignation, removal or any other reason, the election must be held as soon as possible. The newly elected Vice President will serve a full five-year term.

Oath of Office

Before officially taking charge, the Vice President must take an oath of office, promising to:

• Be faithful to the Constitution of India
• Perform their duties honestly

The President of India (or someone appointed by the President) administers this oath.

Role in Case of President’s Absence

If the President of India is unable to perform their duties – because of illness, absence or the position being vacant –  the Vice President steps in as the Acting President until a new President is elected or the President resumes daily.

Railways have been an important part of connecting people and places across India. In Uttar Pradesh, there are railway stations that are over 100 years and still welcome millions of passengers every year. These stations are more than just places to catch a train – they are living reminders of history. They tell the story of how train travel began and how it transformed journeys within the state.

Railway Network of Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh has a huge railway network that covers almost every part of the state. There are more than 550 railway stations here, making it one of the best-connected states in India.

Some of these railway stations are newly built, while others have a long history dating back to British times, as they were established by the British. In this article, we will learn about the 5 oldest railway stations in Uttar Pradesh.

Out of these, over 230 stations come under the North Central Railway Zone, while more than 170 stations are part of the North Eastern Railway Zone. Every day, many important trains run from these stations to different states, helping millions of passengers travel smoothly.

Top-5 Oldest Railway Stations of Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh is home to some of India’s oldest railway stations, many dating back to the British era. These historic stations have witnessed the growth of rail travel and still stand as proud symbols of the state’s rich railway heritage.

Here are the names of top-5 oldest railway stations in Uttar Pradesh:

• Prayagraj Railway Station
• Kanpur Central Railway Station
• Agra Fort Railway Station
• Charbagh Railway Station
• Izzatnagar Railway Station

Prayagraj Railway Station

The foundation of Prayagraj Railway Station was laid in 1859, marking the beginning of an important chapter in India’s railway history. In the same year, a train service was started between Prayagraj and Kanpur.

Earlier known as Allahabad Junction, the station was later renamed Prayagraj by the government. Today, it stands as a major railway hub on important routes such as Howrah-Delhi, Howrah-Mumbai and Prayagraj-Mau-Gorakhpur.

This station  has witnessed the transformations of Indian Railways from steam engines to modern high-speed trains, making it a true symbol of heritage and progress.

Kanpur Central Railway Station

Built in the same year as Prayagraj Station, 1859, Kanpur Central Railway Station came into existence from the first train between Prayagraj and Kanpur was introduced.

Interestingly, this first train was loaded with bricks and gravel and ran at a speed of just 10 kilometers per hour. It covers the 180-kilometer distance in nearly 18 hours – a journey that would take only a couple of hours today.

At that time, the train had only 10 coaches, yet it marked the beginning of Kanpur’s long-standing importance as a key railway center in North India.

Agra Fort Railway Station

The Agra Fort Railway Station was established in 1874 and was part of the Rajputana Railway network. During the British period, it served as a vital logistics base for the colonial administration.

This station was unique because it had meter-gauge railway lines, which were different from the standard broad-gauge lines used today. From here, trains connected Agra to Bharatpur in Rajasthan, a route built in 1873 by the Rajputana Railway.

Even today, the station’s architecture reflects its historical significance, and it remains one of the most charming reminders of India’s railway heritage.

Charbagh Railway Station

The construction of Charbagh Railway Station began in 1914 and was completed in 1923. At the time, it cost more than Rs.70 lakh – a huge sum for that era.

Designed by J.H. Horniman, the station’s architecture is special because no matter how many trains are running inside, no noise can be heard outside. Another interesting fact is that the station’s water tanks are cleverly hidden inside its domes, blending perfectly with the building’s majestic design.

Before the station was built, the land belonged to the Sheesh Mahal royal family of Lucknow’s Nawabs. Even today, Charbagh remains one of the most beautiful railway stations in India, combining Mughal, Rajput and Awadhi architectural styles.

Izzatnagar Railway Station

The Izzatnagar Railway Station in Bareilly has its roots in the year 1875, when the British planned to connect the hilly regions of Nainital with the plains. The project was led by Alexander Izzat, a British railway officer.

In honor of his work, the station was originally named Izzat Railway Station. Over time, locals began pronouncing it as Izzatnagar and the name stuck. Interestingly, Alexander’s son and grandson – Lieutenant Colonel W.R. Izzat and Sir J.R. Izzat – also contributed to the station’s development.

This station is not only connected Bareilly to Lucknow but also became a key hub for the expansion of railway lines in the region.

The story of India’s freedom struggle is not complete without the contribution of women. They stood shoulder to shoulder with men, leading protests, spreading awareness, and even taking up arms when needed. From inspiring speeches to acts of great courage, women played a vital role in uniting the nation against British rule and proved that the fight for independence was everyone’s responsibility.

Breaking Barriers, Women’s Role in Freedom Struggle

In the early days, women’s participation was mostly symbolic—leaders wanted them to support the cause but not take leadership roles. However, things began to change when women from different regions, religions, and social backgrounds came together to fight for freedom.

Some notable leaders were:

• Sarojini Naidu – Known as the Nightingale of India, she was a strong leader in movements like the Salt Satyagraha.

• Vijayalakshmi Pandit – Represented India on global platforms and inspired women to take part in politics.

• Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay – Encouraged women to join protests and worked for social reforms.

• Mridula Sarabhai – Known for her fearless activism.

Even foreign women like Annie Besant and Margaret Cousins joined the movement, using their experience with British rule in Ireland to support India’s cause.

Why Gandhi’s Support Changed Everything?

Mahatma Gandhi was a turning point for women’s participation. His principle of non-violence (Ahimsa) matched qualities that women were already known for—patience, courage, and endurance.

• Gandhi encouraged women to join satyagraha campaigns (non-violent protests).
• Women gained confidence to face arrests, public protests and police brutality.
• This movement helped middle-class women join the fight alongside elite and rural women.

Important Movements Where Women Shined

Women played important roles in almost every major freedom movement:

Non-Cooperation Movement (1920)

• Boycotted British goods, schools and institutions.
• Joined protest marches and rallies.
• Many women went to jail for the first time.

Salt Satyagraha (1930)

• Sarojini Naidu and Kamala Nehru led marches alongside Gandhi.
• Picketed salt depots and broke the British salt monopoly.
• Gandhi initially hesitated to involve women, but Sarojini Naidu convinced him.

Quit India Movement (1942)

• Women organized protests, mass rallies and underground work.
• Ran the Congress Radio to spread the movement’s message.
• Continued the struggle after male leaders were jailed.

Regional Women Leaders

Freedom fighters came from every corner of India:

• A.V. Kuttimaluamma and Annie Mascarene – Kerala
• Durgabai Deshmukh – Madras Presidency
• Rameshwari Nehru – Uttar Pradesh

These leaders organized local protests, strikes and awareness campaigns, ensuring the movement reached villages and small towns.

Why Women’s Role was So Important?

Women’s involvement in the freedom struggle left a lasting mark on Indian society:

• Unity in Diversity: Leaders like Rani Lakshmibai and Begum Hazrat Mahal represented different regions and religions but fought for the same cause.
• Breaking Social Barriers: Women moved from domestic roles to leadership positions.
• Empowerment: Participation in protests gave women the confidence to take part in politics, governance and education after independence.
• Symbol of Bharat Mata: Women became the living image of the nation, inspiring unity and patriotism.