The title “Mother of the Indian Revolution” is given to a remarkable woman who played a crucial role in India’s fight for freedom. Her courage, leadership and determination during a significant historical event made her one of the important figures in the country’s struggle against British rule. She continues to inspire people to this day.
Mother of Indian Revolution
Bhikhaiji Rustom Cama, commonly known as Madam Cama, is often called the “Mother of Indian Revolution.” She was an important figure in the Indian Independence movement, known for her courage and leadership in fighting for India’s freedom from British rule.
Early Life and Background of Bhikhaiji Cama
Bhikhaiji Cama was born on 24th September 1861 in Bombay (now Mumbai) into a wealthy Parsi family. Her father, Sorabji Framji Patel, was a respected lawyer and merchant. Bhikaiji’s upbringing in an affluent and educated family shaped her early interest in learning and activism. She was known for being a disciplined and intelligent child.
Education and Marriage of Bhikhaiji Cama
Bhikhaiji attended Alexander Girls’ English Institution, where she developed a love for languages. In 1885, she married Rustom Cama, a wealthy lawyer. However, her marriage was not happy, and she dedicated most of her time to social work and activism.
Role in India’s Freedom Movement
Bhikhaiji Cama was deeply involved in the Indian freedom struggle. In 1896, when a famine and plague struck Bombay, she worked tirelessly to help the affected people, even contracting the plague herself but surviving. She moved to Britain in 1902 for medical treatment, where she became involved with nationalist leaders like Shyamji Krishna Varma and Dadabhai Naoroji.
In 1905, she co-founded the Paris Indian Society, which worked to spread revolutionary ideas and literature for India’s independence. Cama was a key figure in distributing banned literature like Bande Mataram and Madan’s Talwar.
The Historic Moment
On 22nd August 1907, Bhikhaiji Cama made history when she unfurled one of the earliest versions of the Indian national flag at the International Socialist Congress in Stuttgart, Germany. This flag, later known as the Flag of Indian Independence, was a precursor to the current Indian national flag. It represented India’s desire for freedom from British rule.
Exile and Struggles Abroad
After her involvement in the Indian freedom movement, Bhikhaiji Cama was forced to live in exile. She faced several challenges, including brief arrests and deportation by the French government. Despite her difficult circumstances, she remained committed to India’s freedom struggle, working alongside other exiled leaders.
Advocacy for Women’s Rights
In addition to her work for India’s independence, Bhikhaiji Cama was also a strong advocate for women’s rights. She believed in gender equality and often spoke about the importance of giving women equal rights. Her views on women’s voting rights were inspired by her work with other prominent women’s suffrage activists.
Final Years and Death
Bhikhaiji Cama lived in exile until 1935 when she returned to India after suffering a stroke. She passed away on 13th August 1936 at the age of 74. Despite facing numerous challenges throughout her life, she remained dedicated to the cause of Indian independence.
Legacy and Honors to Bhikaiji Cama
Bhikhaiji Cama’s contributions to India’s freedom movement are widely recognized. Streets and places in India are named after her, including Bhikaiji Cama Place in New Delhi. A commemorative stamp was issued in her honor in 1962. Her bravery and activism continue to inspire generations in India and around the world.
Bhikhaiji Cama is remembered not only for her role in India’s struggle for independence but also as a pioneer for women’s rights and social justice. Her legacy as the “Mother of Indian Revolution” continues to live on.
