International Epilepsy Day 2025: Date, Theme, History and Importance

International Epilepsy Day (IED) is a global healthcare event observed on the 2nd Monday of February every year, since its inception in 2015. The event aims to bring together patients suffering from epilepsy and create a sense of community to discuss the condition, its epidemiological profile, diagnosis, and treatment. IED focuses on raising awareness and providing support to the millions of individuals affected by this neurological disorder. This year, International Epilepsy Day 2025 celebrated on 10th February, a Monday, with the theme “MyEpilepsyJourney”.

Understanding Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a prevalent medical condition that not only affects the individual physically but also has significant psychological and emotional impacts on both patients and caregivers. It is a neurological disorder that causes recurrent seizures, and globally, approximately 650 million people suffer from epilepsy, with 80% of these individuals residing in developing nations. In these regions, the occurrence of new cases ranges from 40 to 70 cases per 1,00,000 individuals.

Epidemiological Data and Impact of Epilepsy

In India, the prevalence of epilepsy is estimated at 5.59 to 10 per 1000 people. It is reported that over one crore (10 million) individuals in India live with epilepsy, making up approximately 1% of the country’s population. The condition is more prevalent in rural areas (1.9%) compared to urban areas (0.6%). The disease burden is substantial, and although it is a treatable condition, the lack of consistent access to medication and care in some regions exacerbates the problem.

In 2004, the European Brain Council estimated the disease burden of epilepsy at 16 crores 10 lakh Euros and in 2010, this figure rose to 21 crores 20 lakh Euros, highlighting the growing economic impact of epilepsy worldwide.

International Epilepsy Day 2025 Theme

The theme for International Epilepsy Day 2025 is “MyEpilepsyJourney”. This theme encourages individuals living with epilepsy to share their personal experiences and stories. By opening up about their challenges and successes, the initiative aims to create greater awareness and understanding of the disease. Sharing personal experiences also allows for better patient care, with the ultimate goal of ensuring that people with epilepsy receive the best possible care and support to improve their quality of life.

Importance of International Epilepsy Day (IED)

International Epilepsy Day plays a critical role in raising awareness about epilepsy and addressing the various issues faced by patients, such as lack of access to treatment and the stigma surrounding the condition. It also encourages policy changes and calls for greater investment in research to find more effective treatments.

Despite advances in healthcare, many individuals with epilepsy, even in affluent countries, do not have regular access to anti-seizure medications or adequate care. Furthermore, approximately one-third of epilepsy patients do not respond to therapy, indicating the need for further research into the pathophysiological causes of epilepsy to create more effective treatments.

The recognition of a dedicated day for epilepsy has the potential to help in several areas, such as:

• Reducing stigma towards people living with epilepsy
• Increasing funding for medical research into epilepsy and related treatments
• Formulating policies that better support epilepsy patients in their daily lives, particularly in areas of employment, education, and healthcare

The Challenge of Stigma and Discrimination

One of the key challenges faced by people living with epilepsy is stigma and discrimination. Epilepsy is often misunderstood by society, leading to significant prejudice. In many parts of the world, people with epilepsy experience limitations on their human rights, including restrictions on employment, marriage, and even driving. This lack of understanding and acceptance results in the social isolation of those affected by the condition. The theme of “Stigma” for International Epilepsy Day 2023 was intended to raise awareness about the prejudice and discrimination that people with epilepsy face, emphasizing the importance of changing societal perceptions.

History of International Epilepsy Day (IED)

International Epilepsy Day was first organized in 2015 by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) and the International Bureau for Epilepsy (IBE). The day serves as a platform for epilepsy patients to share their stories and experiences with the world, helping to spread awareness about the condition. The event also advocates for appropriate regulations that will improve the lives of those living with epilepsy and highlight the need for comprehensive healthcare services for the condition.

Epilepsy Prevention: Reducing the Risk

Preventing epilepsy is a public health goal that can be achieved through various methods aimed at reducing risk factors associated with the condition. Common ways to reduce the chances of developing epilepsy include:

• Preventing Traumatic Brain Injuries: As brain injuries are a common cause of epilepsy, wearing safety belts in cars and motorcycle helmets can help prevent motor vehicle-related injuries.
• Lowering the Chances of Stroke and Heart Disease: Maintaining a healthy lifestyle through proper diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking can lower the risk of stroke and heart disease, both of which can lead to epilepsy later in life.
• Preventing Diseases: Vaccinations and immunizations against diseases that can cause epilepsy, such as meningitis, can help prevent the condition.
• Maintaining Hygiene: Cysticercosis, caused by the tapeworm Taenia solium, is a leading cause of epilepsy in many parts of the world. Preventing this infection through proper hygiene and ensuring pork is well-cooked can reduce the risk.

Summary of the News