Pradeep Singh Kharola Has Been Assigned The Additional Charge of NTA DG

The Director General of the National Testing Agency, Subodh Kumar Singh, was removed from the post on June 22, amid controversy over irregularities in exams. Subodh Kumar Singh’s services were put on a “compulsory wait” in Department of Personnel and Training, the government said in a letter. India Trade Promotion Organisation Chairman and MD Pradeep Singh Kharola was assigned additional charge of NTA DG till appointment of a regular incumbent or until further orders.

Who is Pradeep Singh Kharola, new DG of NTA?

Pradeep Singh Kharola is currently the Chairman and Managing Director of India Trade Promotion and has been appointed as the Director General of National Testing Agency as an additional charge. Kharola is a 1985 batch IAS officer.

Expert committee formed by the Centre

The Union Ministry of Education has constituted a high-level committee of experts to ensure transparent, smooth and fair conduct of examinations. Dr K Radhakrishnan, Former Chairman, ISRO and Chairman BoG, IIT Kanpur, will head the panel of 7 experts. The other constituent members include Dr. Randeep Guleria, Former Director, AIIMS Delhi, Prof. B J Rao, Vice Chancellor, Central University of Hyderabad, Prof. Ramamurthy K, Professor Emeritus, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Madras, Pankaj Bansal, Co-Founder, People Strong and Board Member- Karmayogi Bharat, Prof. Aditya Mittal, Dean Student Affairs, IIT Delhi, Govind Jaiswal, Joint Secretary, Ministry of Education.

Issue of paper leaks

The NEET examination was held on May 5 across 4,750 centres and around 24 lakh candidates appeared for it. The results were expected to be declared on June 14 but were announced on June 4, saying the evaluation of the answer sheets was completed earlier. As many as 67 students scored a perfect 720, unprecedented in the NTA’s history, with six from a centre in Haryana’s Faridabad figuring in the list, raising suspicions about irregularities. It has been alleged that grace marks contributed to 67 students sharing the top rank. The NEET-UG examination is conducted by the NTA for admissions to MBBS, BDS, AYUSH and other related courses in government and private institutions across the country.

National Testing Agency (NTA)

The National Testing Agency (NTA) is an autonomous agency under the Department of Higher Education of the Ministry of Education of India. It was established in November 2017 to conduct entrance examination admissions and recruitment. The NTA is responsible for conducting numerous national-level exams for admission and fellowship in higher educational institutions related to engineering, medicine, management and pharmacy.

 

Pradeep Singh Kharola Has Been Assigned The Additional Charge of NTA DG_4.1

53rd GST Council Meeting Overview

The 53rd GST Council met under the Chairpersonship of Union Minister for Finance & Corporate Affairs Smt. Nirmala Sitharaman in New Delhi. The meeting was attended by key officials, including Union Minister of State for Finance Shri Pankaj Chaudhary, Chief Ministers of Goa and Meghalaya, Deputy Chief Ministers of Bihar, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, and Odisha, Finance Ministers of States & UTs (with legislature), and senior officers of the Ministry of Finance & States/ UTs.

Key Recommendations and Decisions

The GST Council made several recommendations concerning changes in GST tax rates, trade facilitation measures, and compliance streamlining in GST.

Changes in GST Tax Rates

GST Rates on Goods

  • Uniform IGST Rate on Aircraft Parts: A uniform rate of 5% IGST will apply to imports of parts, components, testing equipment, tools, and tool-kits of aircrafts to boost MRO activities.
  • Milk Cans GST Rate: All milk cans (steel, iron, aluminum) will attract a 12% GST rate.
  • Paper Products GST Rate Reduction: The GST rate on carton, boxes, and cases of both corrugated and non-corrugated paper or paper-board has been reduced from 18% to 12%.
  • Solar Cookers GST Rate: All solar cookers, whether single or dual energy source, will attract 12% GST.
  • Poultry Keeping Machinery: The GST entry covering poultry keeping machinery attracting 12% GST has been amended to specifically incorporate “parts of poultry keeping machinery” and regularize past practice.
  • Sprinklers GST Rate: All types of sprinklers, including fire water sprinklers, will attract 12% GST.
  • Defence Forces IGST Exemption: The IGST exemption on imports of specified items for defence forces has been extended for five years till 30th June 2029.
  • RAMA Programme IGST Exemption: IGST exemption on imports of research equipment/buoys under the RAMA programme has been extended subject to conditions.
  • Compensation Cess on SEZ Imports: Compensation Cess on imports in SEZ by SEZ Unit/developers for authorized operations is exempted w.e.f. 01.07.2017.
  • Miscellaneous Exemptions: Compensation Cess on supply of aerated beverages and energy drinks to authorized customers by Unit Run Canteens under Ministry of Defence and Adhoc IGST exemption on imports of technical documentation for AK-203 rifle kits for Indian Defence forces are also recommended.

GST Rates on Services

  • Indian Railways Services Exemption: Services provided by Indian Railways to the general public, such as platform tickets, retiring rooms/waiting rooms, cloakroom services, and battery-operated car services, are exempt from GST.
  • SPV Services Exemption: Services provided by Special Purpose Vehicles (SPV) to Indian Railways for infrastructure use during the concession period and maintenance services by Indian Railways to SPV are exempt.
  • Accommodation Services Exemption: Accommodation services valued up to Rs. 20,000 per month per person supplied for a minimum continuous period of 90 days are exempt from GST.
  • Co-insurance and Re-insurance Services: Co-insurance premium apportioned by lead insurer to the co-insurer and transactions of ceding commission/re-insurance commission between insurer and re-insurer are declared as no supply under Schedule III of the CGST Act.
  • GST Liability on Reinsurance Services: GST liability on reinsurance services of specified insurance schemes will be regularized retrospectively.
  • Retrocession Clarification: Retrocession, re-insurance of re-insurance, is eligible for exemption under Sl. No. 36A of notification No. 12/2017-CTR.
  • RERA Statutory Collections: Statutory collections by Real Estate Regulatory Authority (RERA) are exempt from GST.
  • Incentive Sharing under RuPay and BHIM-UPI: Further sharing of incentive under NPCI’s promotion scheme for RuPay Debit Cards and BHIM-UPI transactions is not taxable.

Measures for Facilitation of Trade

  • Section 128A Insertion for Conditional Waiver: Section 128A will be inserted in CGST Act to provide conditional waiver of interest or penalty for demands raised under Section 73 for FY 2017-18 to FY 2019-20.
  • Reduction of Government Litigation: Monetary limits for filing appeals in GST by the department before GST Appellate Tribunal, High Court, and Supreme Court are prescribed to reduce litigation.
  • Pre-deposit Amount for Appeals: Pre-deposit amount for filing appeals under GST is reduced to ease cash flow for taxpayers.
  • GST on Extra Neutral Alcohol (ENA): ENA used for manufacturing alcoholic liquor for human consumption is excluded from GST.
  • TCS Rate Reduction for ECOs: TCS rate for supplies through Electronic Commerce Operators (ECOs) is reduced from 1% to 0.5%.
  • Appeal Filing Time in GST Appellate Tribunal: The time for filing appeals in GST Appellate Tribunal is extended.
  • Relaxation in Section 16(4): Section 16(4) of CGST Act is amended retrospectively for initial years to allow relaxation in availing input tax credit.
  • GSTR-4 Due Date Extension: The due date for filing GSTR-4 for composition taxpayers is extended from 30th April to 30th June.
  • Interest Calculation in Rule 88B: Amendment in rule 88B to exclude amounts in the Electronic Cash Ledger on due date from interest calculation for delayed return filing.
  • Section 11A Insertion: Section 11A is inserted in CGST Act to regularize non-levy or short levy of GST due to common trade practices.
  • Refund of Additional IGST on Export: A mechanism for claiming refund of additional IGST paid on upward revision in price of exported goods is prescribed.

Clarifications and Compliance Measures

  • Valuation of Import of Services: Value of import of services by a related person, where the recipient is eligible for full input tax credit, is clarified.
  • Input Tax Credit on Optical Fiber Cables: ITC is not restricted for ducts and manholes used in Optical Fiber Cable networks.
  • Place of Supply for Custodial Services: Place of supply for custodial services provided by Indian Banks to Foreign Portfolio Investors is determined under Section 13(2) of the IGST Act.
  • Valuation of Corporate Guarantees: Valuation of corporate guarantees between related persons is clarified, with amendments to rule 28(2) of CGST Rules.
  • Reverse Charge Mechanism Invoices: The relevant financial year for availing ITC under RCM is the year the invoice is issued by the recipient.
  • Miscellaneous Clarifications: Clarifications on various issues, including taxability of re-imbursement of securities, input tax credit reversals, and taxability of loans between related persons, are provided.

Additional Recommendations

  • Transitional Credit for ISD: Amendment in section 140(7) of CGST Act to provide transitional credit for invoices before the appointed date.
  • GSTR-1A Facility: A new optional facility in FORM GSTR-1A is provided for amending details before filing GSTR-3B.
  • Annual Return Exemption: Filing of annual return in FORM GSTR-9/9A for FY 2023-24 is exempted for taxpayers with annual turnover up to two crore rupees.
  • Section 122(1B) Amendment: Section 122(1B) of CGST Act is amended to clarify penal provisions for e-commerce operators.
  • Rule 142 Amendment: Rule 142 of CGST Rules is amended for adjusting amounts paid against pre-deposit for appeals.

Biometric Aadhaar Authentication

  • Pan-India Rollout: Biometric-based Aadhaar authentication for GST registration applicants is recommended on an All-India basis in a phased manner.

Common Time Limit for Demand Notices

  • Amendments in Sections 73 and 74: Amendments to provide a common time limit for issuance of demand notices and orders for FY 2024-25 onwards.

Sunset Clause for Anti-Profiteering

  • Amendments in Sections 171 and 109: Amendments to provide a sunset clause for anti-profiteering under GST and handling by GSTAT.

Export Duty and IGST Refunds

  • Amendments in Section 16 of IGST Act and Section 54 of CGST Act: Refunds for goods subjected to export duty are restricted.

B2C Inter-State Supplies Reporting

  • Threshold Reduction: The threshold for reporting B2C inter-State supplies in FORM GSTR-1 is reduced from Rs. 2.5 Lakh to Rs. 1 Lakh.

GSTR-7 Filing Requirements

  • Monthly Filing: Registered persons required to deduct tax at source must file GSTR-7 monthly, even if no tax is deducted.

These comprehensive recommendations and clarifications from the 53rd GST Council meeting aim to streamline GST compliance, facilitate trade, and address various industry concerns.

Pradeep Singh Kharola Has Been Assigned The Additional Charge of NTA DG_4.1

Top-10 Hazelnuts Producing Countries in the World

Hazelnuts, cherished for their rich flavor and versatility, are a staple in culinary creations worldwide. From spreads like Nutella to savory dishes and desserts, hazelnuts play a vital role in global cuisine. Understanding where these nuts come from is essential, as certain regions excel in their cultivation. Here’s a glimpse into the top 10 hazelnut producing countries, highlighting their contributions to this beloved agricultural commodity.

Worldwide Hazelnuts Production

Worldwide hazelnut production totals nearly one billion tons annually, with Turkey leading as the largest producer, contributing about 70% of the global supply. Hazelnuts are cultivated in diverse regions such as Italy, the United States, and Azerbaijan, each renowned for unique varieties and flavors. This substantial output underscores the nut’s significance in global agriculture and its integral role in culinary traditions worldwide.

Largest Hazelnuts Producer in the World

Turkey maintains its status as the world’s largest hazelnut producer, yielding approximately 684,000 tons annually. The Black Sea region, encompassing provinces like Ordu and Giresun, boasts ideal conditions for hazelnut cultivation, contributing significantly to Turkey’s dominant position in the global market. Turkish hazelnuts are prized for their quality and play a crucial role in meeting both domestic demand and international export needs.

Top-10 Hazelnuts Producing Countries in the World

Turkey with the hazelnuts production of 684,000 tons, stands as the largest hazelnuts producer in the world, followed by Italy, United States of America and Azerbaijan.

Here is the list of top-10 hazelnuts producing countries in the world:

Top-10 Hazelnuts Producing Countries in the World
Rank Country Production (in tons)
1. Turkey 684,000
2. Italy 84,670
3. United States of America 70,310
4. Azerbaijan 67,630
5. Georgia 46,000
6. Chile 35,291
7. China 24,423
8. Iran 13,613
9. France 12,340
10. Spain 7,780

Pradeep Singh Kharola Has Been Assigned The Additional Charge of NTA DG_8.1

Most Coconut Exporting Country in the World

Coconuts, with their versatile uses ranging from culinary to cosmetic, hold significant global economic value. As demand for coconut-based products continues to rise, the question of which country dominates coconut exports becomes pivotal. This article delves into the leading coconut exporting country, examining its production, trade dynamics, and global impact.

Most Coconut Exporting Country in the World

Indonesia holds the title of being the world’s foremost producer and exporter of coconuts, benefitting from its ideal climate and extensive land resources. Each year, Indonesia yields a substantial quantity of coconuts, fostering a robust coconut industry that sustains numerous farmers’ livelihoods. The country’s well-developed coconut sector exports a diverse range of coconut-derived products, such as coconut oil, copra, and coconut water, to international markets.

Factors Influencing Coconut Production

Several factors contribute to a country’s prominence in coconut production:

  • Climate and Geography: Tropical countries with suitable environmental conditions are more likely to have robust coconut production.
  • Infrastructure: Well-developed agricultural infrastructure facilitates efficient cultivation, harvesting, and processing of coconuts.
  • Economic Policies: Government policies, subsidies, and trade agreements can influence a country’s ability to export coconuts competitively.

Indonesia’s Coconut Industry Overview

  • Production: Indonesia’s coconut production is centered in regions such as Sulawesi, Sumatra, and Java. The country benefits from a diverse agricultural landscape that supports both small-scale farmers and large plantations.
  • Export Markets: Indonesian coconuts and coconut products are exported worldwide, catering to diverse industries such as food and beverage, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
  • Economic Impact: The coconut industry plays a crucial role in Indonesia’s economy, providing livelihoods for millions of people involved in cultivation, harvesting, and processing.

Future of Outlook

Looking ahead, Indonesia aims to enhance its coconut industry’s sustainability and productivity through technological advancements, sustainable farming practices, and value-added product development. The global demand for coconut-based products continues to grow, presenting opportunities for Indonesia and other exporting nations to expand their market presence.

Pradeep Singh Kharola Has Been Assigned The Additional Charge of NTA DG_8.1

Largest Mushroom Producing State in India

Mushrooms, often hailed as a superfood, have seen a surge in demand globally due to their nutritional value and versatility in culinary applications. In India, the state leading the charge in mushroom production is Bihar. This article explores the factors contributing to this state’s dominance in mushroom farming, its impact on the local economy, and future prospects.

Mushroom Production in India

In India, mushroom cultivation primarily focuses on four varieties: button mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, paddy straw mushrooms, and milky mushrooms. Among these, button mushrooms dominate the sector, constituting approximately 75% of the country’s total mushroom output. Currently, India produces around 201,000 tons of mushrooms annually, making it the fifth-largest producer of mushrooms in the world.

Largest Mushroom Producing State in India

According to the National Horticulture Board, Bihar has emerged as India’s top mushroom producer, with over 28,000 tonnes produced in 2021-22, accounting for 10.82% of the nation’s total. Last year, the state produced 23,000 tonnes. Remarkably, Bihar has risen from 13th place three years ago, surpassing Odisha to become the leading state in mushroom cultivation.

Factors Contributing to Bihar’s Success

  • Climate and Soil: Bihar’s climate is conducive to mushroom cultivation, with moderate temperatures and high humidity levels. The state’s fertile alluvial soil also provides the necessary nutrients for mushroom growth.
  • Government Support: The Bihar government has played a pivotal role in promoting mushroom cultivation. Through various schemes and subsidies, it has encouraged farmers to adopt this high-yielding crop. Training programs and workshops have also been conducted to educate farmers about modern cultivation techniques.
  • Entrepreneurial Spirit: The entrepreneurial spirit of Bihar’s farmers cannot be overlooked. Many have taken the initiative to diversify their farming practices, investing in mushroom cultivation and adopting innovative techniques to maximize yield.

Types of Mushrooms Cultivated

Bihar primarily produces button mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, and milky mushrooms. These varieties are not only popular within the state but also have a high demand in national and international markets.

  • Button Mushrooms: The most widely cultivated variety, known for its mild flavor and versatility in cooking.
  • Oyster Mushrooms: Valued for their delicate texture and unique taste, often used in gourmet dishes.
  • Milky Mushrooms: Known for their high nutritional value and longer shelf life, making them a favorite among health-conscious consumers.

Economic and Social Impact

Mushroom cultivation has provided a significant boost to Bihar’s rural economy. It has created numerous job opportunities, from farming to packaging and distribution. Many small-scale farmers have seen a substantial increase in their income, improving their standard of living.

Future Prospects

The future of mushroom cultivation in Bihar looks promising. With continuous government support, increased investment in infrastructure, and the adoption of modern farming techniques, Bihar is poised to maintain its position as the largest mushroom-producing state in India. Additionally, the rising global demand for mushrooms, driven by their nutritional and medicinal benefits, offers immense growth potential for Bihar’s mushroom industry.

Pradeep Singh Kharola Has Been Assigned The Additional Charge of NTA DG_8.1

The First Village in India to Witness the Sunrise

India, a land of diverse cultures, unique traditions, and rich heritage, stands out distinctly from other nations. As a predominantly agrarian country, a significant portion of its population resides in villages. It is often said that the true essence of India lies in its villages. While many know that the earliest sunrise in India occurs in Arunachal Pradesh, few are aware of the specific village where this phenomenon can be witnessed first. This article aims to shed light on this village, bringing to you an interesting facet of India’s geographical uniqueness.

Significance of Sunrise in India

Sunrise holds a special place in Indian culture and daily life. It symbolizes new beginnings, hope, and the cycle of life. For farmers, the break of dawn marks the start of their daily activities. Thus, the place that witnesses the first rays of the sun in the country holds a unique charm and significance.

The Land of the Rising Sun in India

Arunachal Pradesh, located in the northeastern part of India, is renowned for its breathtaking landscapes, serene monasteries, and vibrant culture. It is also known as the “Land of the Rising Sun” because it is the first state in India to greet the sun every morning.

The First Village in India to Witness the Sunrise

Among the many picturesque villages in Arunachal Pradesh, Dong village stands out as the first place in India to witness the sunrise. Nestled in the easternmost part of the state, near the Indo-China border, Dong is situated at an altitude of approximately 1,240 meters above sea level. The village is surrounded by snow-capped mountains, lush greenery, and flowing rivers, making it a hidden gem for nature enthusiasts and travelers.

Why Dong is the First Village to Witness the Sunrise?

Dong’s geographical location and its altitude make it the ideal spot for experiencing the earliest sunrise in India. The village lies in the Anjaw district, which is one of the easternmost districts of India. Due to its proximity to the eastern longitudinal lines, the sun rises here before it does in any other part of the country.

Experiencing the Sunrise in Dong

Witnessing the sunrise in Dong is a surreal experience. As the first rays of the sun break over the horizon, they illuminate the village in a golden hue. The serene environment, combined with the panoramic views, creates an unforgettable moment. Many travelers and photographers flock to Dong to capture this magical event.

Pradeep Singh Kharola Has Been Assigned The Additional Charge of NTA DG_8.1

India Ranks Third in Global Domestic Airline Market

India has achieved significant milestones in its domestic aviation sector over the past decade, emerging as the world’s third-largest market for domestic airlines by April 2024. This marks a remarkable ascent from its fifth position ten years ago, driven by robust growth and strategic developments under Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s leadership.

Growth Trajectory and Capacity Expansion

Over the past ten years, India has demonstrated the highest average annual growth rate in airline seat capacity globally, at 6.9%. This growth has catapulted India’s domestic airline capacity to approximately 15.6 million seats as of April 2024, surpassing both Brazil and Indonesia.

Dominance of Low-Cost Carriers (LCCs)

A significant factor in India’s aviation growth story is the dominance of low-cost carriers (LCCs), which command 78.4% of the domestic airline market. IndiGo, in particular, has seen a meteoric rise, doubling its market share to 62% over the last decade with an annual capacity growth rate of 13.9%.

Infrastructure Development and Passenger Trends

India’s aviation infrastructure has expanded significantly, with the number of airports more than doubling from 74 to 157 in the last decade. This expansion has been pivotal in accommodating the increasing number of domestic passengers, exemplified by the record-breaking single-day traffic figures post-pandemic.

Comparative Analysis with Other Markets

While the United States and China remain the largest domestic aviation markets globally, India’s trajectory stands out with sustained growth even amidst global challenges. This growth underscores India’s potential as a key player in shaping the future of the global aviation industry for years to come.

Top 5 world’s largest domestic airline markets

  • United States

    • Domestic market seats in Nov 2023: Approximately 84 million
    • Busiest airport: Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport (ATL)
    • Recovered against Nov 2019 levels: Yes
    • Seat Capacity Nov 2023 vs Nov 2019: +4.2%

  • China

    • Domestic market seats in Nov 2023: Approximately 65 million
    • Busiest airport: Beijing Capital International Airport (PEK)
    • Recovered against Nov 2019 levels: Yes
    • Seat Capacity Nov 2023 vs Nov 2019: +2.2%

  • India

    • Domestic market seats in Nov 2023: Approximately 15 million
    • Busiest airport: Indira Gandhi International Airport (DEL)
    • Recovered against Nov 2019 levels: Yes
    • Seat Capacity Nov 2023 vs Nov 2019: +0.5%

  • Japan

    • Domestic market seats in Nov 2023: Approximately 12 million
    • Busiest airport: Tokyo-Haneda International Airport (HND)
    • Recovered against Nov 2019 levels: No
    • Seat Capacity Nov 2023 vs Nov 2019: -8.8%

  • Brazil

    • Domestic market seats in Nov 2023: Approximately 10 million
    • Busiest airport: São Paulo International Airport (GRU)
    • Recovered against Nov 2019 levels: No
    • Seat Capacity Nov 2023 vs Nov 2019: -4.2%

Pradeep Singh Kharola Has Been Assigned The Additional Charge of NTA DG_4.1

Tajikistan Government Bans Hijab and Other ‘Alien Garments’

On June 19, the upper house of the Tajikistan parliament, Majlisi Milli, passed a law prohibiting “alien garments,” which primarily targets the hijab and other traditional Islamic clothing. The lower chamber, Majlisi Namoyandagon, had passed the bill on May 8. This move has sparked debate among Tajikistan’s predominantly Muslim population in the tightly governed ex-Soviet republic.

Key Provisions and Fines

The law includes significant fines for violations:

  • Individuals: Up to 7,920 somonis.
  • Companies: Up to 39,500 somonis.
  • Government Officials: Up to 54,000 somonis.
  • Religious Leaders: Up to 57,600 somonis.

Historical Context and Enforcement

Tajikistan has been unofficially restricting the hijab since 2007. Initially, the Ministry of Education banned Islamic attire and Western-style miniskirts for students, later extending this to all public institutions. Enforcement included special teams and police raids, although officials have denied reports of women being fined for wearing the hijab.

Government’s Position

President Emomali Rahmon has condemned what he terms “xenophobia in clothing,” referring to the wearing of foreign clothes and the hijab. The government has promoted traditional Tajik clothing through campaigns, including a 2018 guidebook detailing appropriate attire.

Impact on Cultural Practices

The new law also bans children’s festivities during Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, with the stated aim of ensuring proper education and safety. This reflects broader legislative changes concerning holidays, cultural practices, and the role of teachers and parents in children’s upbringing.

Tajikistan : Key Points

Location: Central Asia, neighboring Afghanistan, China, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan.

Capital: Dushanbe

Official Language: Tajik (a dialect of Persian)

Population: Approximately 9.5 million (as of 2021)

Religion: Predominantly Muslim (Sunni Islam)

Government: Republic

President: Emomali Rahmon (in office since 1994)

Prime Minister: Kokhir Rasulzoda

Geography

Area: 143,100 square kilometers

Terrain: Mostly mountainous, with the Pamir Mountains in the southeast and the Fergana Valley in the north.

Climate: Continental, with hot summers and cold winters.

Economy

Currency: Tajikistani Somoni (TJS)

Major Industries: Aluminum, hydroelectric power, agriculture (cotton, fruits, vegetables), mining (gold, silver, uranium)

GDP: Approximately $8 billion (as of 2020)

Major Trade Partners: Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, China

History and Culture

Independence: Gained from the Soviet Union on September 9, 1991.

Cultural Heritage: Influenced by Persian culture and the historical Silk Road.

Traditional Attire: Known for vibrant, colorful patterns, especially in traditional Tajik clothing.

Politics and Society

Political Structure: Presidential republic with a strong executive branch.

Human Rights Issues: Reports of limited political freedoms, media restrictions, and human rights abuses.

Recent Legislation: New law banning hijabs and ‘alien garments’ as part of cultural and security measures.

International Relations

Membership: United Nations, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, Commonwealth of Independent States, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.

Border Issues: Ongoing border disputes and tensions with Kyrgyzstan.

Infrastructure

Transport: Developing road and rail networks; Dushanbe International Airport is the main gateway.

Energy: Significant potential for hydroelectric power; Nurek Dam is one of the world’s tallest dams.

Education: Compulsory education up to secondary level; notable institutions include Tajik National University.

Pradeep Singh Kharola Has Been Assigned The Additional Charge of NTA DG_4.1

Rear Adm Nelson D’Souza Takes Over as Commandant, Military Institute of Technology, Pune

Rear Admiral Nelson D’Souza has taken over as Commandant of Military Institute of Technology (MILIT), Pune from Air Vice Marshal Vivek Blouria. An accomplished alumnus of the Defence Services Staff College, Wellington and Naval War College, Goa, Rear Admiral D’Souza has served in numerous key positions within the Indian Navy since his commissioning in March 1991.

Focus on strengthening MILIT’s academic Programms

Rear Admiral will focus on further strengthening MILIT’s academic programmes and give a push to ongoing efforts at Jointness & Integration in training among tri-services and enhancing collaboration with the industry and academia in field of Niche Technologies. Under the new leadership, MILIT aims to continue nurturing highly skilled techno-warriors officers who would chart the course of armed forces in India into a future-ready force.

Crucial role

MILIT plays a crucial role in preparing officers from the Indian Army, Navy, Air Force, and the Coast Guard, alongside participants from friendly foreign nations. It specializes in the Defence Services Technical Staff Course (DSTSC), aimed at training mid-career officers to assume senior command and staff roles in the future. The transition of leadership is expected to uphold the tradition of excellence and continue the mission of MILIT in enhancing the technical acumen and strategic abilities of military officers, ensuring they are well-equipped to meet the challenges of modern warfare.

 

Pradeep Singh Kharola Has Been Assigned The Additional Charge of NTA DG_4.1

Government Monetises ₹1.56 Lakh Crore in FY24 under National Monetisation Pipeline

The government monetised assets worth ₹1.56 lakh crore under the National Monetisation Pipeline (NMP) in the financial year 2023-24, falling short of the target of ₹1.8 lakh crore. This performance represents approximately 159% of the achievement in 2021-22. The NMP aims to unlock the value of brownfield infrastructure assets, with a total monetisation potential estimated at ₹6 lakh crore over a four-year period from FY22 to FY25.

NMP Targets and Achievements

  • Aggregate Monetisation Potential: ₹6 lakh crore over FY22 to FY25.
  • First Two Years (2021-22, 2022-23): Target of ₹2.5 lakh crore; achievement of ₹2.30 lakh crore.
  • FY24 Achievement: ₹1.56 lakh crore against a target of ₹1.8 lakh crore.

Ministry-wise Monetisation in FY24

  • Road Transport and Highways: ₹40,314 crore
  • Coal Ministry: ₹56,794 crore
  • Power Ministry: ₹14,690 crore
  • Mines Ministry: ₹4,090 crore
  • Petroleum and Natural Gas: ₹9,587 crore
  • Urban Ministry: ₹6,480 crore
  • Shipping Ministry: ₹7,627 crore

Asset Monetisation Strategy

  • Private Sector Investment: Aimed at creating new infrastructure and generating employment opportunities.
  • NHAI Initiatives: Published an indicative list of 33 assets for monetisation in 2024-25 and provided macroeconomic assumptions for investment calculations.
  • Economic Growth and Integration: The initiative seeks to integrate rural and semi-urban areas, fostering overall public welfare.

Background and Purpose

The NMP, announced in the Union Budget 2021-22 and prepared by NITI Aayog with infrastructure ministries, aims to tap private investment for infrastructure development and drive high economic growth through asset monetisation.

Pradeep Singh Kharola Has Been Assigned The Additional Charge of NTA DG_4.1

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Welcome to the Current Affairs Section of Adda247. If you are preparing for Government Job Exams, then it is very important for you to read the Daily Current Affairs. All the important updates based on current affairs are included in this Daily Current Affairs 2024 article.

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