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Losar Festivities Illuminate Ladakh with Culture and Unity

Ladakhi Losar, marking the New Year in the Tibetan calendar, is a vibrant festival celebrated with great enthusiasm across Ladakh. Deeply rooted in the region’s culture and heritage, Losar is more than a festive occasion; it is a time for reflection, community bonding, and the preservation of Ladakhi traditions. This year’s celebrations are particularly notable as they coincide with Christmas and New Year, creating a grand and inclusive festive atmosphere.

Event Overview

  • Losar commenced with great enthusiasm, showcasing Ladakh’s unique culture.
  • Organized by LAHDC Leh with support from the Culture Academy, Leh.
  • Festivities included cultural performances, choirs, and market promotions in Leh from December 20 to December 31.

Purpose and Vision

  • Bringing traditions closer to people, especially in urban areas.
  • Inspiring villagers to take pride in preserving age-old customs.
  • Offering tourists a glimpse into Ladakhi heritage.

Culture and Heritage Focus

  • Emphasis on preserving traditions while adapting to modern times.
  • Promotion of eco-friendly practices such as cleaning homes, lighting butter lamps, and fostering harmony.
  • Traditional dishes and community feasts highlighted the spirit of togetherness.

Adapting Traditions

  • Evolution of customs over time, balancing change with cultural values.
  • Tsewang Paljor emphasized the need for systematic and thoughtful adaptation to ensure heritage preservation.
  • Encouraging gradual development that respects Ladakhi society’s values.

Cultural Documentation

  • LAHDC Heritage Documentation initiative is documenting the culture of all 133 villages in Leh district.
  • Preservation efforts include audio, video, and written formats to safeguard heritage for future generations.

Festival’s Broader Significance

  • Promotes unity, respect for humanity, and reflection.
  • Symbolizes wisdom and harmony through rituals and prayers.
  • Strengthens the essence of Ladakhi culture globally through messages of love, kindness, and peace.
Summary/Static Details
Why in the news? Losar Festivities Illuminate Ladakh with Culture and Unity
Event Losar, Ladakhi New Year celebrations
Festivities Cultural performances, choirs, market promotions, traditional dishes, and community feasts
Purpose Preservation of traditions, fostering pride, enriching tourist experience
Eco-friendly Practices Cleaning homes, lighting butter lamps, offering prayers, and community gatherings
Cultural Documentation Documenting heritage in 133 villages through audio, video, and written formats
Significance Promotes unity, love, wisdom, and cultural appreciation globally
Modern Adaptation Evolving customs while respecting Ladakhi values

Tonga Elects Aisake Valu Eke as New Prime Minister

Tonga’s parliament has elected veteran politician Aisake Valu Eke as its new Prime Minister after Siaosi Sovaleni’s abrupt resignation. The political transition comes at a time of significant challenges, including strained monarchy-government relations, economic hardships, and the aftermath of natural disasters.

Key Details of Eke’s Election

Eke, a former Finance Minister, won 16 votes in the parliamentary secret ballot against his opponent, Viliami Latu, who secured eight votes. Two lawmakers abstained from voting. He will officially take office in February 2025 and lead the Pacific island nation until the next elections in November 2025. Tonga’s Legislative Assembly comprises 17 elected members and nine nobles chosen by hereditary chiefs, highlighting its unique blend of democracy and monarchy.

Backdrop of Sovaleni’s Resignation

Siaosi Sovaleni, Prime Minister since 2021, resigned two weeks ago, hours before facing a no-confidence vote led by Eke. His tenure witnessed escalating tensions with Tonga’s monarchy, particularly King Tupou VI, who retains considerable authority, including the power to dissolve parliament and veto legislation. The monarchy-government power struggle has been a recurring theme since Tonga’s 2010 constitutional reforms, which shifted political control towards elected representatives.

Challenges for the New Leadership

Eke assumes leadership amid ongoing socio-economic challenges. The 2022 volcanic eruption and tsunami devastated Tonga’s infrastructure, while the COVID-19 pandemic severely impacted its tourism-dependent economy. Tonga also faces a debt crisis, owing $130 million to China’s export bank—almost one-third of its GDP—with repayment pressures escalating.

Historical and Political Context

Tonga’s constitutional reforms in 2010 were catalyzed by pro-democracy riots in 2006, which left parts of the capital, Nuku’alofa, in ruins. These reforms sought to democratize governance but maintained significant powers for the monarchy, leading to occasional political friction. Despite these efforts, the balance of power remains a delicate matter.

Outlook for Eke’s Tenure

Eke’s priorities will include economic recovery, addressing climate change threats, and maintaining governmental stability ahead of the 2025 elections. Tonga recently won the bid to host the 2031 Pacific Games, offering a potential opportunity for economic and infrastructural revitalization. With less than a year to govern, Eke’s leadership will be under close scrutiny as Tonga navigates these tumultuous times.

Summary of the news

Why in News Key Points
Tonga elects new Prime Minister Aisake Valu Eke elected as Prime Minister after Siaosi Sovaleni’s resignation.
Sovaleni’s resignation Resigned due to tensions with King Tupou VI; faced no-confidence vote.
Eke’s election result Eke secured 16 votes, Viliami Latu received 8 votes in secret parliamentary ballot.
Tonga’s population Approximately 106,000 people.
Tonga’s political structure Parliament consists of 26 members: 17 elected, 9 nobles elected by hereditary chiefs.
Prime Minister’s term Eke will serve until elections in November 2025.
Tonga’s recent challenges Economic struggles post-COVID-19, volcanic eruption, tsunami in 2022, and large debts.
Tonga’s debt Debt of $130 million owed to China, about one-third of GDP.
Tonga’s constitutional reforms 2010 reforms shifted power from monarchy to elected officials.
International event Tonga will host the 2031 Pacific Games.
Tonga’s capital Nuku’alofa.
Tonga’s monarch King Tupou VI holds significant authority, including dissolving parliament and vetoing laws.

Which District of Gujarat is Known as Mini Kashi?

Gujarat, a vibrant state in western India, is known for its rich culture, historical landmarks and economic growth. Famous for its temples, festivals, and scenic beauty. Gujarat attracts visitors from around the world. It is also home to unique traditions and spiritual sites, making it a significant cultural and religious hub in India. In this article, we will know about the district of Gujarat which is known as the “Mini Kashi.”

An Overview of Gujarat

Gujarat is a state on India’s western coast, known for its long coastline of about 1,600 km, mostly on the Kathiawar Peninsula. It is the fifth-largest state by area and the ninth-most populous, with 60.4 million people. Gujarat borders Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and the Arabian Sea. Its capital is Gandhinagar and Ahmedabad is its largest city. Gujarati is the official language.

Number of Districts of Gujarat

Gujarat, a state in western India, originally had 17 districts in 1960. After several divisions, it now has 33 districts, reflecting its administrative evolution over time.

Mini Kashi in Gujarat

The city of Jamnagar in Gujarat is famously known as the “Mini Kashi” or “Chhoti Kashi.” This title reflects its deep spiritual importance and its many famous temples.

Why is Jamnagar Known as the Mini Kashi?

Jamnagar is called the “Mini Kashi” because of its many famous temples and spiritual heritage. Important religious sites like Siddharthanath Mahadev, Kashi Vishwanath and Bidbhanjan Mahadev make it a hub for devotees. The city’s deep cultural and spiritual significance, much like Kashi (Varanasi), gives it this special title.

Location of Jamnagar

Jamnagar is a city in the western region of Gujarat, India. It is located along the coast of the Arabian Sea, making it a significant coastal city. Surrounded by natural parks and sanctuaries , it is well-connected cities to major cities like Ahmedabad and Rajkot.

Natural Attractions Around Jamnagar

Surrounded by nature, Jamnagar is home to incredible natural parks and sanctuaries. The Khijadiya Bird Sanctuary, Ganga Wildlife Sanctuary and Peter Scott Nature Park are must-visit places. Additionally, the Marine National Park, located on the coral reef island of Pirotan, is India’s only marine sanctuary.

Veer Bal Divas A Day of Valor And Righteousness

Veer Bal Diwas, observed annually on December 26 in Bharat, commemorates the unparalleled sacrifice of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh, the younger sons of Guru Gobind Singh. These brave boys, aged nine and seven, chose martyrdom over compromising their faith and values, inspiring generations with their courage and righteousness. Instituted by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on January 9, 2022, during Guru Gobind Singh’s birth anniversary, this day highlights the essence of sacrifice, justice, and fortitude.

Key Points

Historical Significance

  • Marks the martyrdom of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh on 13 Poh, Bikrami (recorded in Sikh history).
  • They were subjected to horrific torture by Wazir Khan, Governor of Sirhind, for refusing to convert to Islam.
  • The younger Sahibzade and their grandmother, Mata Gujar Kaur, were held in a freezing cold tower (Thanda Burj) and later killed, inspiring the Sikh/Khalsa community to rise against injustice.

Initiation of Veer Bal Diwas

  • Announced by PM Modi on January 9, 2022, as a tribute to the young martyrs.
  • Fixed as December 26 annually, despite varying Bikrami calendar dates.
  • First commemoration held on December 23, 2023, with events organized nationwide.

Commemorative Events

  • PM Modi attended the inaugural Veer Bal Diwas at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, addressing a youth congregation and flagging off a march-past.
  • Essay competitions, film screenings, digital exhibitions, and participatory programs were organized to educate children about the Sahibzade’s bravery.
  • Essay competition by the Ministry of Culture received 3,494 entries, with prizes for the top three winners.

Sikh Historical Context

  • The week starting 6 Poh, Bikrami, marks Shaheedi Week, remembering the sacrifices of the Guru’s family and Sikh warriors.
  • Guru Gobind Singh and his family were betrayed despite oaths of protection from Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.
  • The Sahibzade, separated from their group, were handed over to Wazir Khan, who tortured them to force conversion to Islam.
  • The boys chose martyrdom, showcasing unparalleled bravery and conviction.

Impact and Legacy

  • Their sacrifice galvanized the Sikh community against Mughal oppression.
  • The Sahibzade’s courage exemplifies the fight against injustice, inspiring Bharatiyas across generations.

Calls for Participation

  • Citizens are urged to honor Veer Bal Diwas by engaging in commemorative activities.
  • Emphasis on narrating the story of the Sahibzade to younger generations to instill moral values and patriotism.
Summary/Static Details
Why in the news? Veer Bal Divas A Day of Valor And Righteousness
Purpose Commemorates the sacrifice of Sahibzada Zorawar Singh and Sahibzada Fateh Singh, Guru Gobind Singh’s sons.
Date December 26 (fixed by the Government of India).
Historical Context Tortured and martyred by Wazir Khan, the Mughal Governor of Sirhind, for refusing to convert to Islam.
Message Upholding values of sacrifice, justice, and courage against injustice and tyranny.
Legacy Inspired the Sikh/Khalsa community to fight persecution; serves as a moral example for all generations.
Calls to Action Encourage active participation in commemorative activities and narrate the story to youth.

PM Modi Launches Ken-Betwa River-Linking Project

Prime Minister Narendra Modi has laid the foundation stone for the Ken-Betwa river-linking project, aimed at addressing the severe water scarcity issues in the Bundelkhand region. The project, which will channel excess water from the Ken River in Madhya Pradesh to the Betwa, promises to improve water access for millions. It is expected to benefit around 4.4 million people in 12 districts of Madhya Pradesh and 2.1 million in 10 districts of Uttar Pradesh, providing drinking water and boosting agricultural irrigation. With an estimated cost of ₹44,605 crore, the project will also generate hydropower and solar energy, improving the region’s overall development.

A Long-Awaited Initiative

The Ken-Betwa project was first envisioned following a feasibility study by the National Water Development Authority (NWDA) in 1995, with a cost estimation of ₹1998.74 crore. Over the years, the project has faced numerous delays, with critical agreements and reports completed only after long gaps. In 2023, environmental clearance was granted, allowing work to begin. Modi used the occasion to criticize previous governments, particularly Congress, for failing to address water crises effectively and for delaying crucial infrastructure projects.

Highlights of the Ken-Betwa Project

Water Supply Impact: Drinking water to benefit 65 lakh people across MP and UP.

Agricultural Boost: Nearly 7.18 lakh agricultural families in 2,000 villages to gain irrigation benefits.

Energy Generation: Expected to produce 103 MW hydropower and 27 MW solar energy.

Estimated Cost: Rs 44,605 crore.

Tourism and Development Focus

Highlighting Madhya Pradesh’s recognition as a global tourist destination, Modi noted efforts to bolster tourism to strengthen the local economy. He also virtually inaugurated the Omkareshwar Floating Solar Project and launched the Daudhan Irrigation Project.

Tributes to Atal Bihari Vajpayee

On Vajpayee’s birth centenary, Modi released a commemorative stamp and coin, and performed a groundbreaking ceremony for 1,153 Atal Gram Sewa Sadans, costing Rs 437 crore. The initiatives aim to continue Vajpayee’s legacy of infrastructure and water resource development.

Summary of the news

Key Points Details
Why in News PM Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone of the Ken-Betwa River Linking Project in Madhya Pradesh.
Project Cost ₹44,605 crore
Beneficiaries 65 lakh people (drinking water), 7.18 lakh farmers (irrigation benefits) in MP and UP
Energy Generation 103 MW hydropower, 27 MW solar energy
Region Covered Bundelkhand (spanning Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh)
Static Points (Madhya Pradesh) Capital: Bhopal; CM: Mohan Yadav ; Governor: Mangubhai C. Patel
Other Projects Inaugurated Omkareshwar Floating Solar Project; Daudhan Irrigation Project
Schemes Highlighted Jal Jeevan Mission; Formation of Jal Shakti Ministry
Commemorative Releases Stamp and coin honoring Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Atal Gram Sewa Sadans Groundbreaking ceremony for 1,153 Sadans worth ₹437 crore
River-Linking Status Madhya Pradesh is the first state with two active river-linking projects (Ken-Betwa, Parbati-Kalisindh-Chambal).

Celebrating Good Governance Day- Honouring Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s Legacy

Good Governance Day, also known as Sushashan Diwas, is observed annually on December 25 in India. This day is dedicated to raising awareness about the importance of accountability in government. The occasion marks the birth anniversary of the late Atal Bihari Vajpayee, one of India’s most revered leaders and former Prime Minister.

History and Significance of Good Governance Day

Good Governance Day was officially established in 2014 to commemorate the birth anniversary of Atal Bihari Vajpayee. On December 23, 2014, Vajpayee was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian award, by then-President Pranab Mukherjee. Following this, the Narendra Modi-led government declared that Vajpayee’s birth anniversary would be celebrated annually as Good Governance Day. The year 2024 marks his 99th birth anniversary.

Facts about Atal Bihari Vajpayee

Atal Bihari Vajpayee was born on December 25, 1924, and is fondly remembered as a “man of the masses.” He participated in the Quit India Movement and was imprisoned for 23 days. Throughout his career, Vajpayee earned the distinction of winning six Lok Sabha constituencies from four states, including Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, New Delhi, and Gujarat.

He was a member of Parliament for an astounding 47 years and served as Prime Minister for three terms, from 1996, 1998-1999, and 1999-2004. Vajpayee is celebrated for making India a nuclear power with the successful 1998 Pokhran nuclear tests, and he was also the first Indian leader to deliver a speech in Hindi at the United Nations General Assembly.

Despite his high-profile career, Vajpayee remained a humble leader who never married, dedicating his life to the service of the nation. His poetic contributions, including albums released with renowned singer Jagjit Singh, further underscore his multifaceted personality.

Major Contributions of Atal Bihari Vajpayee

Under Vajpayee’s leadership, India saw transformative changes, particularly in governance and infrastructure:

  • Telecom Reforms: The telecom sector, once monopolized, was liberalized, allowing for the rapid expansion of mobile services.
  • Road Development: The Golden Quadrilateral project and the Pradhanmantri Gramin Sadak Yojna were launched, laying the foundation for modern infrastructure.
  • Education and Healthcare: Initiatives like Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan were launched to provide free education for children aged 6-14 years.
  • Nuclear Power: Vajpayee made India a nuclear weapons state through successful nuclear tests in 1998.
  • Privatization: Vajpayee’s government also focused on privatization, including disinvestment in key public sector units.

India’s Initiatives for Promoting Good Governance

India has taken several steps to improve governance, transparency, and accountability, such as:

1. District Good Governance Index (DGGI)

Launched by Union Home Minister Amit Shah, the DGGI assesses the governance performance across various districts. The index provides 58 indicators to measure governance quality in Jammu & Kashmir.

2. Good Governance Index (GGI)

Introduced by the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances, and Pensions, the GGI evaluates governance in Indian states. This index aims to bring about positive changes by identifying areas for improvement.

3. National e-Governance Plan

This initiative ensures that government services are easily accessible through common service delivery outlets. It also focuses on efficiency, transparency, and cost-effectiveness.

4. Right to Information (RTI) Act, 2005

The RTI Act is another cornerstone of India’s governance reforms, ensuring greater transparency and accountability by allowing citizens to request information from the government.

Awareness of IT-Based Applications in Governance

The government has prioritized the use of IT-based applications to enhance governance. The Ministry of Finance, for example, launched an e-Book that provides information on various government initiatives, making it easier for citizens to access governance-related services.

The National Centre for Good Governance (NCGG)

Founded in 2014, the NCGG plays a pivotal role in shaping good governance across India and other developing countries. The NCGG focuses on capacity building for civil servants, policy reforms, and enhancing governance through research and training.

Areas of Focus for NCGG:

  • Education: Enhancing education at the grassroots level.
  • Decentralized Planning: Promoting participatory governance models.
  • Rural Development: Empowering rural communities through sustainable development.
  • Social Accountability: Ensuring transparency and inclusivity in governance.

Capacity Building Programs for Civil Servants

The NCGG also runs capacity-building programs for civil servants. In 2024, the first Capacity Building Programme on Public Policy and Administration was conducted for senior officials from Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean Region. This two-week program focused on e-governance, sustainable development, and public administration, fostering collaboration and sharing of best practices.

Challenges to Good Governance in India

Despite the numerous initiatives, India still faces significant challenges in achieving good governance:

  • Corruption: Corruption remains a major obstacle in the effective delivery of public services.
  • Women’s Empowerment: Gender inequality continues to impede full participation in governance.
  • Judicial Delays: Hindrances in the judicial system result in delayed justice.
  • Centralization: The centralization of administrative power remains a significant challenge to decentralized governance.

Summary of the Good Governance Day (Sushashan Diwas)

Why in News Details
Good Governance Day (Sushashan Diwas) Observed annually on December 25 to raise awareness about government accountability, marking the birth anniversary of Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
History and Significance Established in 2014 to commemorate Vajpayee’s birth anniversary, after he was posthumously awarded Bharat Ratna.
Atal Bihari Vajpayee’s Birth Born on December 25, 1924. He was a man of the masses, elected to Parliament for 47 years, and served as Prime Minister in three terms.
Major Contributions – Telecom Reforms: Liberalization of telecom sector. – Infrastructure: Launched Golden Quadrilateral and PMGSY. – Education: Introduced Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan. – Nuclear Power: Conducted successful nuclear tests in 1998. – Privatization: Disinvestments in public sector companies.
Initiatives for Good Governance – District Good Governance Index (DGGI): Launched in Jammu & Kashmir to measure governance performance. – Good Governance Index (GGI): Measures governance quality in Indian states. – National e-Governance Plan: Ensures accessibility, transparency, and cost-effectiveness of government services. – RTI Act, 2005: Ensures transparency by allowing citizens to request government information.
IT-Based Governance Awareness Launch of an e-Book by Ministry of Finance to raise awareness about governance initiatives using IT applications.
National Centre for Good Governance (NCGG) Established in 2014 to improve governance through training, research, and capacity building for civil servants.
Capacity Building for Civil Servants In 2024, NCGG conducted a program for civil servants from Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean region to share best practices on governance.
Challenges to Good Governance – Corruption: Major hurdle to effective governance. – Women’s Empowerment: Gender inequality limits participation. – Judicial Delays: Delayed justice hampers governance. – Centralization: Centralized administrative powers limit decentralized governance.

President Appoints New Governors For Five States

In a significant move aimed at reorganizing governance and addressing political and administrative challenges, President Droupadi Murmu announced the appointment of two new governors and reassigned three others across five states. The reshuffle reflects a strategic approach to strengthen leadership in regions grappling with political unrest, administrative challenges, and security concerns. The respective states are Kerala, Bihar, Odisha, Manipur and Mizoram.

Key Appointments and Transfers

1. Ajay Kumar Bhalla Appointed As a Manipur Governor

Background

  • Replaces: Anusuiya Uikey
  • Former Union Home Secretary with a distinguished career as a 1984-batch IAS officer of the Assam-Meghalaya cadre.
  • Retired on August 22, 2024, after over five years in the position, making him one of the longest-serving Home Secretaries.
  • Played a pivotal role in drafting key legislations like the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019, and the three new criminal laws.

Significance

  • Brings first-hand knowledge of the security situation in Manipur, which has been embroiled in ethnic violence between the Meitei and Kuki communities since May 2023.
  • The conflict has claimed over 250 lives and continues to challenge the state’s governance.

2. Arif Mohammed Khan Transferred To Bihar

Background

  • Previous Role: Governor of Kerala
  • Known for his intellectual stance and political acumen.
  • Had frequent confrontations with the Pinarayi Vijayan-led Left Front government in Kerala over various issues.

Significance

  • His transfer marks a politically significant move, potentially to ease tensions in Kerala.
  • Succeeds Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar in Bihar.

3. Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar Resassigned To Kerala

Background

  • Previous Role: Governor of Bihar
  • An experienced administrator with an understanding of political dynamics.

Significance

  • This exchange of governors between Kerala and Bihar is seen as a strategic decision to balance governance in both states.

4. Hari Babu Kambhampati Transferred To Odisha

Background

  • Previous Role: Governor of Mizoram
  • A seasoned leader with administrative experience in Mizoram.

Significance

  • Replaces Raghubar Das, whose resignation has been accepted.

5. General Dr. Vijay Kumar Singh Appointed As Governor of Mizoram

Background

  • Replaces: Hari Babu Kambhampati
  • A decorated retired Army officer and former Union Minister.
  • Twice elected MP from Ghaziabad on a BJP ticket (2014, 2019).

Significance

  • His military and administrative experience is expected to contribute to the development and stability of Mizoram.

Political and Administrative Implications

Addressing Regional Challenges

  • Ajay Bhalla’s appointment to Manipur is critical, given the state’s ongoing ethnic violence and security concerns.
  • The leadership change aims to bring stability and effective governance to the region.

Balancing Political Dynamics

  • The exchange of governors between Kerala and Bihar reflects efforts to manage political tensions and ensure smooth governance.

Strategic Appointments

  • General V.K. Singh’s military background brings a strategic perspective to Mizoram, enhancing its security framework.
  • Hari Babu Kambhampati’s transfer to Odisha ensures continuity in administrative leadership.

Administrative Expertise

  • All appointments highlight the emphasis on experienced and proven leaders to address complex challenges in their respective states.
Summary/Static Details
Why in the news? President Appoints New Governors For Five States
Manipur  Ajay Kumar Bhalla: Former Union Home Secretary with expertise in handling ethnic conflicts.
Bihar  Arif Mohammed Khan: Transferred from Kerala; known for his intellectual and administrative acumen.
Kerala  Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar: Reassigned from Bihar; experienced administrator.
Odisha  Hari Babu Kambhampati: Transferred from Mizoram; replaces Raghubar Das.
Mizoram  General (Dr.) V.K. Singh: Retired Army officer and former Union Minister, brings strategic leadership.

December 25th Current Affairs Challenge

Exams such as SSC, Banking, Railways, and state-level tests offer paths to prestigious positions in government sectors. These exams assess abilities in reasoning, quantitative aptitude, general knowledge, and current affairs. Staying updated on current affairs is essential as it improves a candidate’s general knowledge and helps in scoring well in the general awareness section, which is critical for clearing the cutoff.

Q1. Justice GS Sandhawalia has been appointed as the Chief Justice of Which High Court in 2024?

(a) Haryana

(b) Rajasthan

(c) Gujarat

(d) Himachal Pradesh

Q2. What is the theme for the 2025 Republic Day tableaux?

(a) Aatmanirbhar Bharat

(b) Unity in Diversity

(c) Swarnim Bharat: Virasat aur Vikas

(d) India’s Journey to Progress

Q3. Who among the following Indian women is ranked 28th in Forbes’ 2024 list of the World’s 100 Most Powerful Women?

(a) Kiran Mazumdar Shaw

(b) Roshni Nadar Malhotra

(c) Nirmala Sitharaman

(d) Indra Nooyi

Q4. Which prestigious award was conferred upon External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar for his contributions to India’s foreign policy and leadership on the global stage?

(a) Padma Bhushan

(b) Sri Chandrasekarendra Saraswathi National Eminence Award

(c) External Affairs Minister of The World

(d) Gandhi Peace Prize

Q5. What is the key change introduced in the government’s recent amendment to the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Rules, 2010?

(a) Introduction of new grading systems

(b) Reduction in school hours for classes 5 and 8

(c) Introduction of online exams for students

(d) Abolition of the ‘No-detention policy’ for students in class 5 and 8

Q6. Which Russian tennis player has been handed a two-year suspension for doping violations?

(a) Daniil Medvedev

(b) Andrey Rublev

(c) Daniil Savelev

(d) Karen Khachanov

Q7.  Where was the pilot project for the Udaan Yatri Cafe launched?

(a) Delhi International Airport

(b) Bengaluru Kempegowda International Airport

(c) Kolkata’s Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport

(d) Mumbai Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport

Q8. Who was appointed as the Chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) on December 23, 2024?

(a) V. Ramasubramanian

(b) Vijaya Bharathi Sayani

(c) Arun Kumar Mishra

(d) Droupadi Murmu

Q9. On which date is National Consumer Day celebrated annually in India?

(a) December 23

(b) December 24

(c) December 25

(d) December 26

Q10. On which National Highway (NH) was India’s first bio-bitumen-based highway stretch inaugurated?

(a) NH-48

(b) NH-27

(c) NH-16

(d) NH-44

S1. Ans. (d)

Sol. Justice Gurmeet Singh Sandhawalia has been appointed as the Chief Justice of Himachal Pradesh High Court.

Correct Answer: Himachal Pradesh

Key Points:

  • Appointed Position: Chief Justice of the Himachal Pradesh High Court
  • Notification Date: Notified on a 23rd December 2024, following a delay of more than three months

S2. Ans. (c)

Sol. The theme for the 2025 Republic Day tableaux is “Swarnim Bharat: Virasat aur Vikas” (Golden India: Heritage and Development).

Correct Answer: Swarnim Bharat: Virasat aur Vikas

Key Points:

  • Event Location: Republic Day Parade at Kartavya Path, New Delhi
  • Participating States & UTs: 15 (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chandigarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli & Daman and Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal)
  • Participating Ministries: 11 Union Government ministries and departments
  • Selection Process: Fair, transparent, merit-based; evaluated by an Expert Committee (art, culture, music, architecture, choreography)
  • Selection Criteria: Originality, creativity, aesthetic composition, balance between heritage and development

S3. Ans. (c)

Sol. Nirmala Sitharaman, the Finance Minister of India, is ranked 28th in Forbes’ 2024 list of the World’s 100 Most Powerful Women.

Correct Answer: Nirmala Sitharaman

Key Points:

  • Context: In the Forbes 2024 list of 100 most powerful women, only three Indian women have made it to the list.
  • Respected Ranks: Nirmala Sitharam (28th), Roshni Nadar Malhotra (81st) and Kiram Mazumdar Shaw (82nd).
  • Rank 1: Claudia Sheinbaum – President of Mexico is the highest ranking woman.

S4. Ans. (b)

Sol. S. Jaishankar was honored with the Sri Chandrasekarendra Saraswathi National Eminence Award for Public Leadership by the South Indian Education Society (SIES) for his outstanding contributions to India’s foreign policy and leadership on the global stage.

Correct Answer: Sri Chandrasekarendra Saraswathi National Eminence Award

Key Points: 

  • Awards Institution: Instituted by the South Indian Education Society in 1998 in memory of the late Seer of Kanchi, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswati.
  • Award Categories: Public Leadership, Community Leadership, Science and Technology and Social Thinkers
  • Eligibility: Awarded to individuals who have made outstanding contributions in the above fields.
  • Award Details: Cash Prize worth Rs. 2.5 lakh, Citation, Ornamental Lamp and Scroll

S5. Ans. (d)

Sol. The amendment abolished the ‘No-detention policy’ for students in class 5 and 8 who fail their year-end exams, requiring them to retake the exams or repeat the academic year.

Correct Answer: Abolition of the ‘No-detention policy’ for students in class 5 and 8

Key Points:

  • Policy Amendment: Abolished the no-detention policy for Classes 5 and 8; students failing year-end exams must retake them.
  • Retake and Repetition: Students failing retake exams within two months will repeat the academic year.
  • Applicability: It applies to over 3,000 centrally run schools (Kendriya Vidyalayas, Sainik Schools, Navodaya Vidyalayas).

S6. Ans. (c)

Sol. Daniil Savelev has been handed a two-year suspension for violating doping regulations.

Correct Answer: Daniil Savelev

Key Points:

  • Violation: Tested positive for meldonium, a prohibited substance.
  • Suspension Duration: 2 years (August 2024 – August 2026).
  • Reason for Suspension: Confused family medication for supplements of a similar appearance.
  • ITIA (The International Tennis Integrity Agency) Statement: Acknowledged unintentional doping but cited failure to mitigate the violation.

S7. Ans. (c)

Sol. The pilot project was launched at Kolkata’s Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport.

Correct Answer: Kolkata’s Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport

Key Points:

  • Initiative Name: UDAAN Yatri Cafe
  • Purpose: Offer affordable food and beverages at airports to ease financial burden on travelers.
  • Pilot Project: Launch at Kolkata’s Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport.
  • Expansion: Rollout to other AAI-operated airports based on pilot success.
  • Offerings: Water, tea, coffee, and snacks at reasonable prices.

S8. Ans. (a)

Sol. Former Supreme Court judge V. Ramasubramanian was appointed as the Chairperson of NHRC.

Correct Answer: V. Ramasubramanian

Key Points:

  • Post Vacancy: The NHRC chairperson position was vacant since June 2024, after Justice (retd) Arun Kumar Mishra completed his tenure.
  • Tenure of Arun Kumar Mishra: Earlier Mishra served as the NHRC Chairperson from June 2021 to June 2024, Now V. Ramasubramanian will take the charge. 
  • Appointment Process: A high-powered committee led by PM Modi selected the new NHRC Chairperson.

S9. Ans. (b)

Sol. National Consumer Day is observed annually on December 24 in India.

Correct Answer: December 24

Key Points:

  • Background: Every year, 24th December marks National Consumer Day in India. For 2024, the theme is “Virtual Hearings & Digital Access to Consumer Justice”.
  • Key Initiatives for 2024: Launch of Jago Grahak Jago App, Jagriti App, and Jagriti Dashboard by Union Minister Pralhad Joshi to enhance consumer awareness and digital access.
  • Historical Significance: First celebrated in 2000 to commemorate the Consumer Protection Act of 1986. The Consumer Protection Act of 2019 added provisions for e-commerce and mediation.

S10. Ans. (d)

Sol. India’s first bio-bitumen-based highway stretch was inaugurated on NH-44 in Mansar, Nagpur, Maharashtra.

Correct Answer: NH-44

Key Points:

  • Context: India’s First Bio-Bitumen Stretch Inaugurated by Nitin Gadkari
  • Location: Mansar, Nagpur, Maharashtra, on NH-44
  • Key Technology: Lignin-based bio-bitumen developed by Praj Industries in collaboration with CSIR-CRRI.
  • Environmental Benefits: Reduces greenhouse gas emissions by 70% compared to fossil-based bitumen.
  • Economic Impact: Reduces India’s import dependency on bitumen (currently 50%).

What is the Old Name of Mysore?

Mysore, a city in the southern state of Karnataka, India, is famous for its rich culture, history and beautiful architecture. It is often called the “Cultural Capital of Karnataka.” But did you know that Mysore once had a different name? Let’s explore the history of its old name.

Old Name of Mysore

The old name of Mysore was Mahishapura. This name comes from the demon Mahishasura, a mythical figure in Hindu stories. The name later changed to Mahisuru, and over time, it became Mysore, an anglicized version of the original Kannada word.

The Legend of Mahishasura

According to Hindu mythology, Mahishasura was a powerful demon who ruled the ancient parts of the Mysore Kingdom, then called Mahisaka.

  • He could transform into both a human and a buffalo.
  • His reign ended when Goddess Chamundeshwari, a form of Goddess Durga, killed him on the Chamondi Hills near Mysore.

The city’s name was inspired by this legend and even today, Chamundi Hills is a popular landmark.

Historical Names of Mysore

Initially, the city was called Mahishapura, which means “the city of Mahishasura.” Later, the name evolved into Mahisuru in Kannada. When the British came to India, they anglicized the name to Mysore for easier pronunciation.

In 2014, the city was officially renamed Mysuru to honor its Kannada origins. Interestingly, the royal family of Mysore still uses the name Mahisuru.

India Squad For Champions Trophy 2025

The upcoming Champions Trophy 2025 marks the ninth edition of the ICC Champions Trophy, featuring eight teams competing in a round-robin format. Hosted by Pakistan, often referred to as the “cornered tigers,” the tournament is scheduled to run from 19 February to 9 March, with 10 March reserved as a contingency day for the final. Following their triumph in the ICC Men’s T20 World Cup 2024, India is set to face Pakistan in this championship. As per the latest updates from the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB), the match fixtures have been confirmed, with India scheduled to play at the iconic Gaddafi Stadium in Lahore on 1 March 2025.

India Squad For Champions Trophy 2025

The official announcement of Team India’s squad for the 2025 Champions Trophy is still awaited, and their participation in the tournament has not yet been confirmed. However, the anticipated player list features names expected to potentially face Pakistan in the competition.

Player Name Role
Rohit Sharma (Captain) Batsman
Yashasvi Jaiswal Batsman
Shubman Gill Batsman
Sanju Samson Wicketkeeper/Batsman
Virat Kohli Batsman
Shreyas Iyer Batsman
Rishabh Pant Wicketkeeper/Batsman
KL Rahul Wicketkeeper/Batsman
Hardik Pandya (Vice-Captain) All-rounder
Suryakumar Yadav Batsman
Ravindra Jadeja All-rounder
Axar Patel All-rounder
Yuzvendra Chahal Bowler
Jasprit Bumrah Bowler
Mohd. Shami Bowler
Mohd. Siraj Bowler
Kuldeep Yadav Bowler

ICC Champions Trophy 2025 Dates Announced

Date Match Venue Notes
19 Feb 2025 Pakistan vs. New Zealand National Stadium, Karachi
20 Feb 2025 Bangladesh vs. India Dubai International Cricket Stadium, Dubai
21 Feb 2025 Afghanistan vs. South Africa National Stadium, Karachi
22 Feb 2025 Australia vs. England Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore
23 Feb 2025 Pakistan vs. India Dubai International Cricket Stadium, Dubai
24 Feb 2025 Bangladesh vs. New Zealand Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium, Rawalpindi
25 Feb 2025 Australia vs. South Africa Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium, Rawalpindi
26 Feb 2025 Afghanistan vs. England Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore
27 Feb 2025 Pakistan vs. Bangladesh Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium, Rawalpindi
28 Feb 2025 Afghanistan vs. Australia Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore
1 Mar 2025 South Africa vs. England National Stadium, Karachi
2 Mar 2025 New Zealand vs. India Dubai International Cricket Stadium, Dubai
4 Mar 2025 Semi-Final 1 Dubai International Cricket Stadium, Dubai India will play if they qualify
5 Mar 2025 Semi-Final 2 Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore Pakistan will play if they qualify
9 Mar 2025 Final Gaddafi Stadium, Lahore*** If India qualifies, the final will be held in Dubai.

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Welcome to the Current Affairs Section of Adda247. If you are preparing for Government Job Exams, then it is very important for you to read the Daily Current Affairs. All the important updates based on current affairs are included in this Daily Current Affairs 2024 article.

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