Kolleru Lake is a large, natural, shallow freshwater lake in Andhra Pradesh, India. It is the largest shallow freshwater lake in Asia and plays an important role in balancing the water levels of two major rivers, the Krishna and the Godavari. The lake is also home to many birds and is a protected wildlife area.
Location of Kolleru Lake
Kolleru Lake is located in northeastern Andhra Pradesh. It lies between the Krishna and Godavari river deltas, near the city of Eluru. The lake covers an area of 308 square kilometers and serves as a natural flood-balancing reservoir for the two rivers.
Water Flow and Drainage
Kolleru Lake drains into the Bay of Bengal through the Upputeru river. Sometimes, a small amount of salt water enters the lake through this river, but it mostly remains a freshwater lake.
Wildlife Sanctuary and Ramsar Site
The lake was declared a wildlife sanctuary in November 1999. Later, in November 2002, it was recognized as a Ramsar Site, which means it an important wetland for global conservation.
A Home for Migratory Birds
Kolleru Lake is an important habitat for migratory birds. It is part of the Central Asian Flyway (CAF), a route taken by birds flying between different countries. Every year, the lake supports more than 50,000 waterfowl, making it an Important Bird Area (IBA).
Birds Found in Kolleru Lake
Many birds visit the lake, including:
- Siberian cranes
- Pelicans
- Painted storks
These birds travel long distances from colder regions to spend time at Kolleru Lake, where they find food and shelter.
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