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States and Capitals – How Many States in India?

India, a vast South Asian nation and the world’s seventh-largest by land area, is divided into 28 states and 8 union territories, each with its own capital. These states and territories are further segmented into districts. New Delhi, situated in the National Capital Territory of Delhi, serves as India’s administrative, political, and cultural hub.

The states and capitals of India weave a rich and diverse tapestry, reflecting the country’s deep cultural heritage, traditions, and innovations. Exploring these regions offers a fascinating journey through time, blending ancient legacies with modern advancements, tradition with contemporary influence, and showcasing India’s remarkable unity in diversity.

States and Capitals

In 1956, India reorganized its states according to linguistic demographics. Today, the country consists of 28 states and 8 Union Territories, home to nearly 400 cities. Among these, eight major metropolitan cities—Kolkata, Mumbai, New Delhi, Chennai, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Ahmedabad, and Pune—are prominent. The Prime Minister has introduced a plan to develop 100 smart cities across the nation, with Indore being recognized as the Smart City for four consecutive years. Discover India’s dynamic urban landscape and its focus on modernization.

How many states in India?

India is the 7th largest country in the world by land area and the 2nd most populated. The country is divided into states and union territories so that the government can function properly. Below is a list of all 28 states, their capitals and the year they were formed.

S.NO State Capital CM Governor
1 Andhra Pradesh Amaravati Sri Nara Chandrababu Naidu S. Abdul Nazer
2 Arunachal Pradesh Itanagar Pema Khandu Kaiwalya Trivikram Parnaik
3 Assam Dispur Himanta Biswa Sarma Lakshman Prasad Acharya
4 Bihar Patna Nitish Kumar Arif Mohammed Khan
5 Chhattisgarh Raipur Vishnu Deo Sai Ramen Deka
6 Goa Panaji Pramod Sawant P.S. Sreedharan Pillai
7 Gujarat Gandhinagar Bhupendra Patel Acharya Dev Vrat
8 Haryana Chandigarh Nayab Singh Saini Bandaru Dattatraya
9 Himachal Pradesh Shimla Sukhvinder Singh Sukhu Shiv Pratap Shukla
10 Jharkhand Ranchi Hemant Soren Santosh Kumar Gangwar
11 Karnataka Bengaluru Siddaramaiah Thaawarchand Gehlot
12 Kerala Thiruvananthapuram Pinarayi Vijayan Rajendra Vishwanath Arlekar
13 Madhya Pradesh Bhopal Mohan Yadav Mangubhai Chhaganbhai Patel
14 Maharashtra Mumbai Devendra Fadnavis C.P. Radhakrishnan
15 Manipur Imphal N. Biren Singh
Ajay Kumar Bhalla
16 Meghalaya Shillong Conrad Kongkal Sangma
C H Vijayashankar
17 Mizoram Aizawl Lalduhoma General (Dr.) Vijay Kumar Singh, PVSM, AVSM, YSM (Retd.)
18 Nagaland Kohima Neiphiu Rio
La. Ganesan
19 Odisha Bhubaneswar Mohan Charan Majhi
Dr. Hari Babu Kambhampati
20 Punjab Chandigarh Bhagwant Singh Mann Gulab Chand Kataria
21 Rajasthan Jaipur Bhajan Lal Sharma Haribhau Kisanrao Bagde
22 Sikkim Gangtok PS Golay Om Prakash Mathur
23 Tamil Nadu Chennai M. K. Stalin R. N. Ravi
24 Telangana Hyderabad Anumula Revanth Reddy Jishnu Dev Varma
25 Tripura Agartala Dr. Manik Saha Indra Sena Reddy Nallu
26 Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Yogi Aditya Nath Anandiben Patel
27 Uttarakhand Dehradun Pushkar Singh Dhami Lt. Gen. Gurmit Singh
28 West Bengal Kolkata Mamata Banerjee Dr. C.V. Ananda Bose

Union Territories of India and Their Capitals

India has 8 union territories that are managed by the central government. Some of them have their own legislative assemblies. Below is the of these union territories and their capitals:

S.NO Union Territories Capital CM Lt. Governor
1 Andaman and Nicobar Island Port Blair NA D K Joshi
2 Chandigarh Chandigarh NA Banwarilal Purohit
3 Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu Daman NA Praful Patel
4 Delhi Delhi Rekha Gupta Vinai Kumar Saxena
5 Ladakh NA NA B. D. Mishra
6 Lakshadweep Kavaratti NA Praful Patel
7 Jammu and Kashmir NA Omar Abdullah Manoj Sinha
8 Puducherry Pondicherry N. Rangaswamy C. P. Radhakrishnan

Difference Between States and Union Territories

India is divided into states and Union Territories for administrative purposes. They are in different in how they are governed.

Basis of Difference States Union Territories
Head of Administration Governor Administrator or Lieutenant Governor
Government Type Elected by the People Managed by the central government
Powers Shares power with the central government. Controlled directly by the central government.

Indian States and their Languages

India is a country with a rich and diverse linguistic heritage. There are over 121 languages spoken in India, and each state has its unique linguistic landscape. The Indian Constitution recognizes 22 languages as “scheduled languages,” which are given special status in government and education.

S. No. States Language
1 Andhra Pradesh Telugu and Urdu
2 Arunachal Pradesh Miji, Apotanji, Merdukpen, Tagin, Adi, Honpa, Banging-Nishi
3 Assam Assamese
4 Bihar Hindi
5 Chhattisgarh Hindi
6 Goa Marathi Konkani
7 Gujarat Gujarati
8 Haryana Hindi
9 Himachal Pradesh Hindi and Pahari
10 Jharkhand Hindi
11 Karnataka Kannada
12 Kerala Malayalam
13 Madhya Pradesh Hindi
14 Maharashtra Marathi
15 Manipur Manipuri
16 Meghalaya Khashi, Jaintia, And Garo
17 Mizoram Mizo and English
18 Nagaland Ao, Konyak, Angami, Sema, and Lotha
19 Odisha Oriya
20 Punjab Punjabi
21 Rajasthan Rajasthani and Hindi
22 Sikkim Bhutia, Hindi, Nepali, Lepcha, Limbu
23 Tamil Nadu Tamil
24 Telangana Telugu
25 Tripura Bengali, Tripuri, Manipuri, Kakborak
26 Uttar Pradesh Hindi
27 Uttarakhand Hindi
28 West Bengal Bengali

Some Key Facts About Indian States

Each state in India is unique and has something special. Here are some interesting facts about a few states:

  • Andhra Pradesh: Famous for spicy food and historical sites like Charminar.
  • Assam: Know for tea gardens and Kaziranga National Park, home to the one-horned rhinoceros.
  • Bihar: A place with a rich history, home to Bodh Gaya and the ancient city of Pataliputra.
  • Goa: Popular for beautiful beaches and a lively nightlife.
  • Kerala: Famous for its backwaters, Ayurveda treatments and lush green nature.
  • Maharashtra: Mumbai, the financial capital, is also home to Bollywood.
  • Himachal Pradesh: Known for stunning hill stations and adventure sports.
  • Tamil Nadu: Famous for classical dance forms and grand temples.

Which Indian District is Known as the City of Kachori? Know About It

India is a land of tasty street food, and one popular snack that people love across the country is the Kachori. It is crispy, spicy and full of flavor. From small towns to big cities, Kachori is enjoyed by people of all ages. But there is one special district in India that is so famous for its Kachoris, it is known as the ”City of Kachori.”

An Overview of India

India is a large and diverse country in South Asia. It has a rich history, colorful culture and is known as the world’s biggest democracy. With its fast-growing population, India may soon become the most populous country. Its economy is growing quickly and is expected to keep getting stronger in the coming years, making it an important country in the world.

Number of Districts in India

As of 2025, India has around 787 districts. Some major states and their district counts are: Uttar Pradesh with 75, Rajasthan with 50 and Tamil Nadu with 38. The number may change as new districts are created from time to time.

City of Kachori in India

Bharatpur, a district in Rajasthan, is known as the ”City of Kachori.” Every day, millions of crispy kachoris are sold here, especially for breakfast. The city has over 150 shops and stalls offering different flavors like potato, lentil and onion. Kachori is a daily favorite and a big part of Bharatpur’s food culture.

Why Bharatpur is Known as the City of Kachori?

Bharatpur is called the ”City of Kachori” because people here eat kachoris every day, especially for breakfast. It is a daily food habit for many locals. Millions of kachoris are sold every morning in Bharatpur, and the love for this snack is unmatched.

The Popularity of Kachori in Bharatpur

In Bharatpur, kachori is more than just food – it’s a tradition. The streets are filled with kachori stalls and shops. Whether it’s a festival, a regular morning, or a special occasion, people enjoy hot, crispy kachoris with chutneys or sabzi.

So Many Varieties to Choose From

Kachoris in Bharatpur come in many flavors and fillings. Some are filled with spicy lentils (daal), some with mashed potato and other with onions or pees. This variety makes it special, as every person can pick their favorite kind.

Bangladesh Drops ‘Father of the Nation’ Title for Sheikh Mujibur Rahman

In a move that has sparked national and international attention, Bangladesh’s interim government led by Prof. Mohammed Yunus has officially dropped the title of ‘Father of the Nation’ for Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in a revised version of the Liberation War Act, issued on June 3, 2025. This revision, coupled with the earlier release of new currency notes excluding Mujib’s image, marks a historic shift in the country’s political and symbolic landscape. The changes reflect the interim government’s efforts to reframe the narrative around the 1971 Liberation War, stirring debate over identity, legacy, and national recognition.

Why in News?

On June 3, 2025, the interim government of Bangladesh, led by Prof. Mohammed Yunus, issued a revised version of the Liberation War Act, omitting Sheikh Mujibur Rahman’s title as the ‘Father of the Nation’. This development follows the earlier release of new currency notes that no longer feature his image. These steps mark a significant shift in how Bangladesh’s official narrative now views its founding leader and the legacy of the 1971 Liberation War.

Key Developments

  • A new notification dated June 3, 2025, removed references to Sheikh Mujibur Rahman as Jatir Pita (Father of the Nation) in relation to the 1971 war of independence.
  • New currency notes released recently by the interim government also exclude Mujib’s image, which had been featured in earlier series.
  • The Liberation War Act 2022 earlier highlighted Sheikh Mujib’s leadership and the Mujib Bahini, but the 2025 version does not mention either.

New Definition of Freedom Fighters:

  • The Mujib Bahini, a key guerrilla group during 1971 and associated with Mujib, is now excluded from recognition.
  • This change disqualifies surviving members and their families from state benefits previously available to recognized freedom fighters.
  • A new category, “Associates of Liberation War”, includes those who supported independence through advocacy or campaigning, both inside and outside Bangladesh during March 26–December 16, 1971.

Statements from the Interim Govt

  • The government stated that Sheikh Mujib, along with leaders like Tajuddin Ahmed, Mansur Ali, and AHM Quamruzzaman, continues to be acknowledged as a freedom fighter, but not exclusively elevated above others.
  • The intent, according to officials, is to promote a more pluralistic and inclusive narrative of Bangladesh’s independence.

Political Context

  • The changes come in the wake of Sheikh Hasina’s ouster in August 2024, ending a 15-year rule by the Awami League, the party co-founded by Sheikh Mujib.
  • The Yunus-led interim government has cracked down on symbols and activities associated with the Awami League, including suspending the party’s operations.
  • Earlier in February 2025, mobs vandalized Sheikh Mujib’s residence at 32 Dhanmondi and destroyed the museum established in his memory.

India to Open Women’s Asia Cup Hockey 2025 Campaign Against Thailand

The Indian women’s hockey team is gearing up for a high-stakes showdown as it begins its Asia Cup 2025 campaign on September 5 against Thailand at the Gongshu Canal Sports Park in Hangzhou, China. Serving as a crucial qualifier for the 2026 Women’s FIH Hockey World Cup, the tournament brings together Asia’s best teams in a battle for continental supremacy and a coveted spot on the global stage. With a challenging group that includes defending champions Japan, India enters the competition with determination to reclaim the title and reaffirm its rising stature in international women’s hockey.

Why in the news?

The Indian women’s hockey team will kick off its Asia Cup 2025 campaign on September 5, 2025, against Thailand at the Gongshu Canal Sports Park Field Hockey Field in Hangzhou, China. The tournament, scheduled from September 5 to 14, serves as a qualifier for the 2026 Women’s FIH Hockey World Cup, making it a pivotal event for all participating Asian teams.

Tournament Overview

  • Event: Women’s Asia Cup 2025
  • Dates: September 5 to 14, 2025
  • Venue: Gongshu Canal Sports Park, Hangzhou, China
  • Organized By: Asian Hockey Federation (AHF)

India’s Pool B Line-Up

  • Teams: India, Japan (defending champions), Thailand, and Singapore

India’s Schedule

  • Sept 5: India vs Thailand
  • Sept 6: Japan vs India
  • Sept 8: India vs Singapore

Aim and Objective

  • To win the Asia Cup and secure direct qualification to the 2026 Women’s FIH Hockey World Cup.
  • To test squad strength against Asia’s top teams, especially Japan, a key early opponent.

What the Team Said

  • Captain Salima Tete expressed optimism and confidence, saying Pool B offers an early test and a great opportunity to sharpen the team’s performance.
  • Vice-Captain Navneet Kaur emphasized the team’s intense training and readiness to handle pressure games like the clash against Japan.

Historical Context

  • India last won the Women’s Asia Cup in 2017, defeating China in the final.
  • In the previous edition, India secured the bronze medal.

Significance

  • A title win not only boosts continental standing but ensures a direct berth in the 2026 World Cup.
  • Helps assess progress of India’s women’s hockey program ahead of future global competitions.

List of Top-10 Highest Railway Bridges in the World by 2025

Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the world’s highest railway arch bridge, the Chenab Bridge, on June 6, 2025, in Jammu and Kashmir. This historic moment marked the completion of the Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Rail Link (USBRL), a 42-year-old project. The 272-km long electrified railway line now connects the Kashmir Valley with the rest of India, making travel easier and opening new opportunities for trade, tourism and growth in the region. In this article, we will know about the top-10 highest rail bridges in the world by 2025.

World’s Highest Rail Bridge in 2025

The Chenab Bridge, located in the beautiful Himalayas of Jammu and Kashmir, India is the world’s highest railway bridge. It rises 359 meters (1,178 feet) above the Chenab River, making it taller than even the Eiffel Tower! This bridge shows the great skills and hard work of Indian engineers.

Structure of Chenab Bridge

The Chenab Bridge has many record-breaking features:

  • Height: 359 meters above the river
  • Length: Around 1,315 meters in total
  • Material used: 25,000 metric tons of steel and concrete
  • Type: Arch bridge design, perfect for long distances
  • Arch Span: 467 meters wide and 480 meters long

Smart Design Features

The Chenab Bridge is designed with safety and strength in mind:

  • Wind Resistant: Can face wind speeds up to 266 km/h.
  • Earthquake Safe: Built with sensors to stay safe during earthquakes.
  • Rust Protection: Special paint keeps the steel parts from rusting.

Key Facts About Chenab Bridge

  • Tallest railway bridge in the world.
  • 16th-highest bridge in the world.
  • 11th-longest arch bridge globally.
  • Longest span on India’s broad gauge railway

List of Top-10 Highest Railway Bridges in the World by 2025

Chenab Bridge, located in Jammu and Kashmir, India, stands as the highest railway bridge in the world with an impressive height of 359 meters, followed by Beipanjiang Bridge Shuibai, Baluarte Bridge and Fengyu Bridge.

Here is the list of top-10 highest railway bridges in the world by 2025:

Rank  Bridge Name Height  Location
1. Chenab Bridge 359 meters Jammu and Kashmir, India
2. Beipanjiang Bridge Shuibai 275 meters Guizhou Province, China
3. Baluarte Bridge 224 meters Durango, Mexico
4. Fengyu Bridge 230 meters Yunnan Province, China
5. Puli Bridge 218 meters Sichuan Province, China
6. Guangzhou Viaduct 211 meters Guangdong Province, China
7. Zhujiang Bridge 208 meters Guangdong Province, China
8. Najiehe Railway Bridge 256 meters Guizhou Province, China
9. Siduhe Bridge 496 meters Hubei Province, China
10. Jinshajiang  Bridge 247 meters Yunnan Province, China

PM Modi Launches ‘Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0’ on World Environment Day

On the occasion of World Environment Day 2025, Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the second phase of the nationwide tree plantation campaign ‘Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0’ by planting a sapling at Mahavir Jayanti Park in New Delhi. The initiative encourages citizens to plant a tree in honor of their mothers, blending emotional sentiment with ecological responsibility. As part of the drive, the government has set an ambitious target of planting 10 crore trees across the country between June 5 and September 30. In a parallel push for sustainability, the Prime Minister also flagged off 200 electric buses in Delhi to promote green public transportation and combat urban air pollution.

Why in News?

On World Environment Day (June 5, 2025), Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the second phase of the ‘Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam’ campaign by planting a sapling at Mahavir Jayanti Park, Delhi. The expanded initiative aims to plant 10 crore trees across India by September 30, 2025, combining environmental sustainability with emotional and cultural values. The PM also flagged off 200 electric buses in Delhi to promote clean urban transport.

About ‘Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0’

  • Launched: Originally in 2024 by PM Modi; Phase 2 began on June 5, 2025.
  • Venue: Mahavir Jayanti Park, New Delhi.
  • Aim: Promote environmental protection through symbolic personal action — planting a tree in honor of one’s mother.
  • Target: 10 crore trees to be planted across India from June 5 to September 30, 2025.
  • Theme: Aligns cultural sentiment (motherhood) with climate action, symbolizing nurturing and protection of life.

Significance of the Campaign

  • Strengthens grassroots participation in environmental sustainability.
  • Boosts India’s contribution to global efforts against climate change.
  • Reinforces citizen engagement in green drives through a personal, emotional lens.

Additional Highlights from the Event

  • PM Modi posted on X (formerly Twitter) encouraging deeper efforts toward planet protection.
  • Highlighted India’s growing forest cover over the past decade as a result of collective efforts.
  • A major environmental movement that combines emotion, culture, and ecology.

Promotion of Sustainable Transport

  • PM Modi flagged off 200 electric buses in Delhi.
  • Part of the Delhi government’s clean transport initiative.
  • Aims to reduce air pollution and enhance green urban mobility.

Static Facts & Background

  • World Environment Day is celebrated annually on June 5, established by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in 1972.
  • The 2025 World Environment Day theme is: “Land Restoration, Desertification, and Drought Resilience.”
  • Delhi faces one of the worst air pollution levels globally, making such initiatives critical.
Summary/Static Details
Why in the news? PM Modi Launches ‘Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam 2.0’ on World Environment Day
Occasion World Environment Day – June 5, 2025
Location Mahavir Jayanti Park, New Delhi
Campaign Goal  Planting 10 crore trees by September 30, 2025
Symbolic Theme Honoring mothers by planting a tree
Environmental Aim Promoting afforestation & climate awareness
Additional Launch 200 electric buses to promote clean mobility in Delhi
Significance Combines cultural sentiment with climate action

MS Dhoni Becomes Face of Dettol’s New ‘Icy Cool’ Personal Care Range

On May 28, 2025, Dettol, India’s leading germ protection brand, announced the appointment of Mahendra Singh Dhoni—India’s beloved “Captain Cool”—as its new brand ambassador for its latest Icy Cool personal care range, including soaps, bodywash, and handwash. This strategic collaboration merges Dhoni’s calm and resilient persona with Dettol’s trusted image, aiming to address summer-specific hygiene needs with a refreshing twist.

Why in News?

Dettol introduced a new Icy Cool product range to provide germ protection with a cooling effect. MS Dhoni has been appointed the brand ambassador to launch and promote this new line. The campaign seeks to connect with consumers battling heat and sweat-related skin discomfort during the Indian summer.

Aim and Objective of the Collab oration

  • To provide instant cooling refreshment and germ protection in hot weather conditions.
  • To connect with a wide consumer base through MS Dhoni’s brand equity and pan-India appeal.
  • To emphasize Dettol’s evolution in personal care beyond hygiene, focusing on seasonal relevance and performance.

Key Highlights of the Partnership

Product Focus: The new Dettol Icy Cool range includes,

  • Soaps
  • Bodywash
  • Handwash
  • Summer Skin Concerns Addressed:
  • Excessive sweating
  • Germ buildup due to heat
  • Skin infections from poor hygiene

Celebrity Power: Dhoni’s calmness under pressure and association with hygiene makes him a relatable symbol for the product’s promise—“cool body, cool mind.”

Campaign Launch: The first TV commercial (TVC) in the series features a tense cricket scenario, reinforcing the product’s message of composure under pressure, just like Dhoni himself.

Background and Static Information

  • Dettol is a product of Reckitt, a global health and hygiene company.
  • Dettol in India: Known for its antiseptic liquid, it now has an extensive personal care portfolio including hand sanitizers, soaps, and disinfectants.

MS Dhoni

  • Former captain of the Indian cricket team
  • Known for leading India to World Cup wins in 2007 and 2011
  • Popularly called “Captain Cool” due to his composed demeanor
  • One of the most bankable personalities for brand endorsements

Significance of the Partnership

  • Consumer Trust: Dhoni enhances Dettol’s credibility in urban and rural segments.
  • Seasonal Innovation: The Icy Cool range is tailored to India’s harsh summer climate.
  • Marketing Strategy: Combining health protection with seasonal comfort offers a unique value proposition.
  • Social Messaging: The campaign also promotes mental wellness by emphasizing “cool mind” in hot situations.

TCL India Renews Rohit Sharma as Brand Ambassador for Second Year

TCL India, a leading consumer electronics brand, officially announced the renewal of its partnership with Indian cricket icon Rohit Sharma as its brand ambassador for the second consecutive year. This extension underscores the brand’s ongoing efforts to deepen its emotional connection with Indian consumers through inspiring campaigns, cutting-edge products, and community-driven initiatives under the theme “Master the Moment.”

Why in News?

TCL India has renewed its collaboration with Rohit Sharma as brand ambassador for another year. This partnership reinforces TCL’s strategic focus on digital innovation, Indian market engagement, and brand value amplification. The announcement was made on June 4, 2025, positioning Sharma at the forefront of TCL’s upcoming campaigns and product launches.

Aim and Objective of the Collaboration

  • To build a stronger emotional connect with Indian consumers.
  • To leverage Rohit Sharma’s mass appeal and credibility as a cricketing icon.
  • To position TCL as a technology innovator offering AI-powered solutions, smart TVs, and appliances.
  • To enhance brand visibility in India through influencer-led marketing.

Key Highlights of the Partnership

  • Partnership Continuation: Rohit Sharma continues as TCL’s brand ambassador for a second year.
  • Campaign Theme: The collaboration revolves around TCL’s philosophy of “Master the Moment”, symbolizing excellence, innovation, and performance.

Public Statements

  • Philip Xia, GM of TCL India, emphasized Sharma’s qualities of leadership, consistency, and composure under pressure as reflecting TCL’s brand ethos.
  • Rohit Sharma expressed satisfaction with the renewed partnership, citing shared values of innovation and excellence.

Brand’s Strategic Direction

  • TCL plans to expand its footprint in India.
  • The company is launching smart technology solutions, including AI-powered TVs and home appliances.
  • Rohit Sharma will feature prominently in upcoming promotional campaigns, product launches, and social impact programs.

Background and Static Information

  • TCL Corporation: A global electronics brand known for smart TVs, mobile devices, and AI solutions.
  • Rohit Sharma: Indian cricket team captain and one of the most popular sportspersons globally, known for his calm demeanor, record-breaking performances, and wide fan base.

TCL India Operations

  • TCL has increased its market share in India in the smart TV segment.
  • The brand aims to create a tech-savvy lifestyle ecosystem for Indian consumers.

Significance of the Partnership

  • Increased Brand Trust: Sharma’s involvement elevates consumer trust and brand recall.
  • Deeper Market Penetration: TCL aims to strengthen its presence across India’s tier-1 and tier-2 cities.
  • Cultural Resonance: Sharma’s stature resonates with Indian values, making the campaign relatable and aspirational.
  • Innovation Drive: The partnership signals TCL’s commitment to digital innovation and user-centric technology.
Summary/Static Details
Why in the news?
TCL India Renews Rohit Sharma as Brand Ambassador for Second Year
Duration
Renewed for Second Consecutive Year
Campaign Theme
“Master the Moment”
Focus Areas
Product launches, AI solutions, emotional brand engagement
Target Audience
Indian consumers, especially tech-savvy urban and semi-urban youth

World Brain Tumour Day 2025: Date, Theme, History and Significance

World Brain Tumour Day is observed every year on June 8 to raise awareness about brain tumours, one of the most serious and complex medical conditions. This day reminds people to support patients and their families, talk about early diagnosis and promote better treatment and research. In 2025, it will be observed on Sunday, June 8 and it’s an important time to learn and spread awareness.

World Brain Tumour Day 2025 – Date

World Brain Tumour Day will be observed on June 8, 2025. People across the world will take part in events, health talks and campaigns to highlight the challenges faced by brain tumour patients and the importance of early treatment.

World Brain Tumour Day 2025 – Theme

The official theme for 2025 has not yet been announced. Every year, a theme is selected to focus the world’s attention on a special area related to brain tumours – like patient care, early diagnosis, or research. Once the theme is announced, awareness events and activities will be based on it.

Why is World Brain Tumour Day Observed?

World Brain Tumour Day is important because it:

  • Spreads Awareness: Many people don’t know the early signs of brain tumours. Awareness can lead to faster diagnosis and better chances of recovery.
  • Supports patients: Patients and their families need emotional strength. This day is a way to show love and care.
  • Encourages Research: More research can help find better and safer ways to treat brain tumours.
  • Asks governments to take action: Governments are urged to include brain tumour care in health plans and make treatment affordable.
  • Fights myth and fear: It clears wrong beliefs and shares helpful facts and survival stories.

History of World Brain Tumour Day

World Brain Tumour Day was started in the year 2000 by the German Brain Tumour Association (Deutsche Hirntumorhilfe e.V.) This non-profit organization created the day to support patients and spread public awareness. Since then, June 8 has been observed as World Brain Tumour Day in many countries through events, fundraisers and educational programs.

What is a Brain Tumour?

A brain tumour is a lump of abnormal cells growing in the brain. These cells can press on the brain and stop it from working properly. There are two main types:

  • Benign (non-cancerous): Grows slowly and does not spread, but can still be serious.
  • Malignant (cancerous): Grows quickly and can spread to nearby brain tissue.

Common symptoms include:

  • Headaches
  • Vomiting
  • Blurred vision
  • Weakness in arms or legs
  • Seizures
  • Memory problems or confusion
  • Personality changes

Treatment options includes: 

  • Surgery
  • Radiation therapy
  • Chemotherapy
  • Targeted medicines

Early diagnosis and correct treatment can help save lives.

UN Elects Five Non-Permanent Members to Security Council for 2026-27 Term

On June 3, 2025, the United Nations General Assembly elected Bahrain, Colombia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Latvia, and Liberia as non-permanent members of the UN Security Council (UNSC) for a two-year term starting in January 2026. These countries will join the 15-member Council, which plays a central role in maintaining international peace and security. Notably, Latvia will be serving on the UNSC for the first time, marking a significant diplomatic milestone.

Why in News?

The UN General Assembly conducted elections on June 3, 2025, to select five new non-permanent members of the UNSC. These members will serve from January 2026 to December 2027. The vote was significant as Latvia was elected for the first time ever to the Council.

Aim and Objective of the Election

  • To fill five rotating non-permanent seats on the 15-member Security Council.
  • To maintain regional representation as per the UN Charter and promote equitable participation in global peace and security efforts.
  • To strengthen the multilateral framework of international diplomacy through broader representation.

UNSC Election 2025: Results and Voting Breakdown

  • Date of Election: June 3, 2025
  • Total Member States Voting: 188
  • Required Majority: Two-thirds of 193-member General Assembly

Vote Results by Country and Region

Africa & Asia-Pacific

  • Bahrain: 186 votes
  • Democratic Republic of the Congo: 183 votes
  • Liberia: 181 votes

Eastern Europe

  • Latvia: 178 votes (first-time member)

Latin America & Caribbean

  • Colombia: 180 votes

Background and Static Information

UN Security Council Composition

  • Permanent Members (P5): China, France, Russia, UK, USA
  • Non-Permanent Members: 10, elected for staggered two-year terms
  • Previous Members Whose Term Ends in December 2025
  • Algeria, Guyana, Republic of Korea, Sierra Leone, Slovenia
  • Non-Permanent Members Elected in 2024 (to serve till 2026):
  • Denmark, Greece, Pakistan, Panama, Somalia

Regional Seat Distribution (out of 10 non-permanent seats)

  • 3 for Africa
  • 2 for Asia-Pacific
  • 2 for Latin America and the Caribbean
  • 2 for Western Europe and Others
  • 1 for Eastern Europe

Significance of This Election

  • Latvia’s Debut: Marks the country’s first-ever representation on the Security Council.
  • Colombia: Elected for the 7th time, reflecting its active role in global peacebuilding.
  • DRC, Bahrain, Liberia: Each brings regional perspectives and past UNSC experience.
  • Strengthens Multilateralism: Election of diverse nations underscores the importance of inclusive global governance.
  • Peace and Security Role: New members will participate in key decisions on international conflicts, sanctions, peacekeeping operations, and geopolitical crises.

RBI Premieres 5-Part Docuseries ‘Unlocked: Beyond the Rupee’ to Demystify India’s Central Bank

On June 3, 2025, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) launched a five-part documentary series titled ‘RBI Unlocked: Beyond the Rupee’, in collaboration with Jio Hotstar. Produced by Chalkboard Entertainment, the series offers an unprecedented look into the RBI’s 90-year journey, illuminating the roles, responsibilities, and relevance of India’s central bank. This marks a strategic outreach effort to improve public understanding of complex economic and financial systems through mainstream digital platforms.

Why in News?

RBI launched a documentary on June 3, 2025, marking its first major public visual outreach project. Titled ‘RBI Unlocked: Beyond the Rupee’, it is now available for streaming on Jio Hotstar. The release is part of the 90th anniversary celebrations of the RBI and aims to make its internal workings accessible and relatable to the general public.

Aims and Objectives

  • To visually document the RBI’s 90-year history and legacy.
  • To demystify the functions of India’s central banking system.
  • To educate the public about the significance of monetary policy, currency regulation, and financial inclusion.
  • To enhance financial literacy and public trust in regulatory institutions.

Highlights of the Documentary Series

  • Title: RBI Unlocked: Beyond the Rupee
  • Episodes: 5-part series
  • Platform: Jio Hotstar
  • Production House: Chalkboard Entertainment
  • Format: Documentary-style storytelling with real RBI footage, expert interviews, dramatizations, and animations

What the Documentary Covers

  • Monetary Policy: How interest rates and inflation are managed.
  • Currency Management: Design, production, and security features of Indian currency.
  • Bank Supervision: Regulation of commercial banks and NBFCs.
  • Digital Payments and Fintech: UPI, RTGS, and innovations.
  • Financial Inclusion: RBI’s role in improving access to finance for underserved communities.

Significance and Impact

  • Public Outreach: A rare move to engage with the general public, not just industry professionals.
  • Educational Value: Supports school and college-level economic literacy programs.
  • Transparency and Trust: Aligns with global trends of institutional transparency.
  • Digital Strategy: Leverages OTT platforms to reach India’s digitally connected youth.
Summary/Static Details
Why in the news? RBI Premieres 5-Part Docuseries ‘Unlocked: Beyond the Rupee’ to Demystify India’s Central Bank
Series Title RBI Unlocked: Beyond the Rupee
Platform Jio Hotstar
Producer Chalkboard Entertainment
Occasion RBI’s 90th anniversary
Audience General public, students, economists, professionals
Content Focus Functions of RBI, currency, policy, banking, financial inclusion
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