February 2025 Special Days: List of National & International Important Days

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February 2025 Special Days: List of National & International Important Days

February, the second month of the year, is a month filled with important days that highlight various global issues and celebrations. From raising awareness about environmental conservation to promoting love and social justice, each day in February has its own significance. These observances remind us of the importance of unity, health and education. Let’s took a look at some of the key dates to remember in February 2025.

February Special Days 2025

February is a month filled with celebrations and important observances in India and globally. It marks the end of winter, and many festivals are celebrated throughout the country. February also highlights several national and international events that raise awareness about key issues like health, the environment and social causes. These days help educate people about their significance, encouraging reflection and action. For those preparing for competitive exams like Banking and SSC, knowing these important days can be useful for general awareness.

List of Special Days in February 2025

February 2025 is a month full of important days that highlight key issues, festivals and celebrations. These days focus on raising awareness about health, the environment and social causes, making it a meaningful month for reflection and action.

Here is the list of important days in February 2025:

Date	Special Days
1 February	Union Budget
2 February	World Wetlands Day
2 February to 8 February	International Development Week
3 February	Vasant Panchami
4 February	World Cancer Day
6 February	International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation
7 February	Surajkund Crafts Mela
10 February	International Day of the Arabian Leopard
	World Pulses Day
	International Epilepsy Day
11 February	Anti-Smuggling Day 2025
11 February	International Day of Women and Girls in Science
12 February	Magha Purnima 2025
	International Day for the Prevention of Violent Extremism as and When Conducive to Terrorism 2025
	Guru Ravidas Jayanti 2025
13 February	World Radio Day
	Sarojini Naidu Birth Anniversary
15 February	International Childhood Cancer Day
15 February	World Pangolin Day
17 February to 27 February	Taj Mahostsav
19 February to 9 March	ICC Champions Trophy
20 February	Arunachal Pradesh Foundation Day
	World Anthropology Day
	Mizoram Foundation Day
	World Day of Social Justice
21 February	International Mother Language Day
22 February	World Thinking Day
23 February	World Peace and Understanding Day
24 February	Central Excise Day
26 February	Mahashivratri
26 February	Veer Savarkar’s Death Anniversary
27 February	World NGO Day
28 February	National Science Day
	Rare Disease Day
	Ramadan

Important Days in February 2025 in Brief

February 2025 will be filled with important days that celebrate culture, history and awareness. These days highlight key events and causes, offering opportunities for reflection and action. Let’s explore some of the significant days in February 2025.

February 1, 2025 – Union Budget

Every year on February 1, the Finance Minister presents India’s Union Budget. This budget includes government plans for revenue and spending in the next year. It’s an important event that shapes economic policies and sets priorities for different sectors and development.

1 February, 2025 – India Coast Guard Day

Indian Coast Guard Day is celebrated on February 1 every year. It marks the foundation of the Indian Coast Guard. The Coast Guard plays a vital role in protecting India’s coasts, enforcing maritime rules and ensuring safety in Indian waters.

2 February 2025 – World Wetlands Day

World Wetlands Day is observed on February 2 to raise awareness about wetlands and their importance. It marks the adoption of the Ramsar Convention on February 2, 1971, which focuses on the conservation of wetlands around the world.

2 February 2025 – RA Awareness Day

RA Awareness Day is observed on February 2 to raise awareness about rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It helps understand the causes, symptoms and ways to manage this disease, which affects joints and causes pain and inflammation.

2 February to 8 February 2025 – International Development Week

International Development Week is celebrated from February 2 to 8. It aims to raise awareness about the importance of international development and the different career paths in this field. This year marks its 35th anniversary in Canada.

3 February 2025 – National Golden Retriever Day

National Golden Retriever Day is celebrated on February 3. It honors the Golden Retriever breed, known for its friendly, intelligent and playful nature. They make great pets and are loved for their loyal companionship.

3 February 2025- Vasant Panchami

Vasant Panchami, also known as Saraswati Puja, is celebrated on February 3. It marks the arrival of spring and honors Goddess Saraswati, the goddess of knowledge, wisdom and arts The festival is celebrated differently across regions in India.

4 February 2025 – World Cancer Day

World Cancer Day is observed on February 4 to spread awareness about cancer prevention, treatment and research. It encourages people to take action against cancer and shows solidarity with those affected by it. The theme focuses on personal commitment to the fight.

4 February 2025 – National Day of Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka celebrates its National Day on February 4, marking its independence from British rule in 1948. This day honors the country’s sovereignty and is a reminder of its history and independence.

5 February 2025 – Delhi Legislative Elections

Delhi Legislative Elections are held on February 5, determining the composition of the Delhi Legislative Assembly. The results of these elections play a key role in shaping the governance and policies of India’s capital.

6 February 2025 – International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation

On February 6, the International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation is observed. The day aims to raise awareness about the harmful effects of female genital mutilation and the need to prevent this practice worldwide.

7 February to 14 February 2025 – Valentine’s Week

Valentine’s Week is celebrated from 7 to 14, leading up to Valentine’s Day on February 14. Each day is dedicated to celebrating love, friendship and relationships through different gestures and acts of affection.

7 February 2025 – Surajkund Crafts Mela

Surajkund Crafts Mela, held from February 7 to 23 in Haryana, celebrates India’s rich cultural heritage. It features handicrafts, handlooms and local traditions from various parts of the country, attracting visitors from all over India and abroad.

8 February 2025 – National Opera Day

National Opera Day is celebrated on February 8 to honor opera, an art from combining music, singing, acting and dance. The day highlights the cultural significant of opera and its impact on the performing arts.

9 February 2025 – Baba Amte’s Death Anniversary

Baba Amte’s Death Anniversary is observed on February 9 to remember his contributions as a social worker. Known for his work with leprosy patients, he dedicated his life to the welfare of marginalized communities in India.

10 February 2025 – National Deworming Day

National Deworming Day is observed on February 10 in India to ensure that every child is free from worms. The government organizes mass deworming drives to protect children from health issues caused by intestinal worms.

February 10 – World Pulses Day

World Pulses Day, observed on February 10, raises awareness about the nutritional and environmental benefits of pulses. Pulses are important for sustainable food production and contribute to food security and better health.

10 February 2025 – International Epilepsy Day

International Epilepsy Day is observed on February 10. It aims to raise awareness about epilepsy, highlight its challenge, and emphasize the importance of improved care, treatment and research for better quality of life for those affected.

11 February 2025 – World Day of the Sick

World Day of the Sick is observed on February 11. It encourages people to pray and offer support for those suffering from illness. The day was introduced by Pope John Paul II to promote compassion and care for the sick.

11 February 2025 – International Day of Women and Girls in Science

International Day of Women and Girls in Science on February 11. It honors the contributions of women and girls in science and aims to achieve gender equality in the field of scientific research and education.

11 February 2025 – Safer Internet Day

Safer Internet Day, observed on February 11, encourages people to use the internet safely. The day promotes online security, particularly for children and young people, by raising awareness about online risks and how to avoid them.

12 February 2025 – Darwin Day

Darwin Day, celebrated on February 12, commemorates the birth of Charles Darwin, the father of evolutionary biology. The day honors his contributions to science, especially the theory of natural selection and the study of evolution.

12 February 2025 – Abraham Lincoln’s Birthday

Abraham Lincoln’s Birthday is observed on February 12 to honor the birth of the 16th president of the United States. Lincoln is known for his leadership during the Civil War and his role in abolishing slavery.

12 February 2025 – National Productivity Day

National Productivity Day is observed on February 12 in India. It aims to promote a culture of productivity and efficiency in all sectors by encouraging individuals and organizations to improve their performance and achieve higher output.

13 February 2025 – World Radio Day

World Radio Day, celebrated on February 13, raises awareness about the importance of radio. Radio is a powerful medium for information, education, and entertainment, especially in rural areas, and it plays a key role in global communication.

13 February 2025 – Sarojini Naidu Birth Anniversary

Sarojini Naidu’s birth anniversary is celebrated on February 13. She was a famous poet, freedom fighter, and the first woman president of the Indian National Congress. Naidu is remembered for her significant contributions to Indian literature and politics.

14 February 2025 – Saint Valentine’s Day

Valentine’s Day, celebrated on February 14, honors Saint Valentine and the idea of love. People express their feelings by sending gifts, cards, and flowers to their loved ones, making it a day of affection and celebration of relationships.

14 February 2025 – World Congenital Heart Defect Awareness Day

World Congenital Heart Defect Awareness Day, observed on February 14, raises awareness about congenital heart defects, which affect many newborns. The day aims to educate the public on the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.

17 February to 27 February 2025 – Taj Mahotsav

Taj Mahotsav, celebrated from February 17 to 27, is an annual festival held in Agra to showcase India’s rich cultural heritage. It features music, dance, crafts, and delicious food, celebrating the cultural diversity and craftsmanship of India.

19 February to 9 March 2025 – ICC Champions Trophy

The ICC Champions Trophy, scheduled from February 19 to March 9, brings together top cricketing nations for a competitive tournament. It features exciting limited-overs cricket with world-class teams battling for the championship.

20 February 2025 – Arunachal Pradesh Foundation Day

Arunachal Pradesh Foundation Day, observed on February 20, celebrates the state’s status as a Union Territory in 1972. It marks its journey toward becoming a full-fledged state and recognizes its cultural and historical significance.

20 February 2025 – World Anthropology Day

World Anthropology Day is observed on February 20 to celebrate the field of anthropology, which studies human societies and cultures. It highlights the importance of understanding human diversity and promotes education in anthropology.

20 February 2025 – Mizoram Foundation Day

Mizoram Foundation Day, celebrated on February 20, marks the day Mizoram became the 23rd state of India in 1987. The day celebrates the state’s culture, history, and achievements since it became part of India.

20 February 2025 – World Day of Social Justice

World Day of Social Justice, observed on February 20, promotes social justice by addressing issues like poverty, exclusion, and unemployment. It encourages people to support efforts for full employment, equality, and social integration worldwide.

21 February 2025 – International Mother Language Day

International Mother Language Day, observed on February 21, celebrates linguistic and cultural diversity. It raises awareness about the importance of preserving and promoting mother languages to protect cultural heritage and ensure communication.

22 February 2025 – World Thinking Day

World Thinking Day is observed on February 22 by Girls Scouts and Guides worldwide. It is a day of reflection and global solidarity, where they focus on issues related to the world and the global community, encouraging mutual understanding.

23 February 2025 – World Peace and Understanding Day

World Peace and Understanding Day, celebrated on February 23, commemorates Rotary International’s founding. It promotes global peace and understanding by encouraging people from different backgrounds to collaborate and built peaceful communities.

24 February 2025 – Central Excise Day

Central Excise Day, observed on February 24, honors the excise department’s role in collecting taxes on manufactured goods. The day encourages excise employees to carry out their duties with integrity and improve the nation’s economic system.

26 February 2025 – Mahashivratri

Mahashivratri, celebrated on February 26, honors Lord Shiva. It’s a major Hindu festival marked by fasting, prayers, and rituals. Devotees seek blessings from Lord Shiva and celebrate his significance in the Hindu religion.

27 February 2025 – World NGO Day

World NGO Day, celebrated on February 27, honors non-governmental and non-profit organizations and the people who work behind them. It recognizes their contributions to society and the positive impact they create in various fields like education, health, and environment.

28 February 2025 – National Science Day

National Science Day is celebrated on February 28 in India to honor the discovery of the Raman Effect by physicist Sir C.V. Raman in 1928. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 for this groundbreaking discovery that advanced the field of light scattering.

28 February 2025 – Rare Disease Day

Rare Disease Day, observed on February 28, raises awareness about rare diseases. It highlights the challenges faced by those living with rare conditions, their families, and caregivers, aiming to bring attention to their needs and encourage medical advancements.

28 February 2025 – Ramadan

Ramadan, starting on February 28 this year, is a month-long period of fasting observed by Muslims worldwide. It promotes spiritual growth, self-discipline, and compassion by encouraging people to fast from dawn to sunset, focusing on empathy, reflection, and devotion.

India’s Role in the 4th ‘No Money for Terror’ (NMFT) Conference

The 4th ‘No Money for Terror’ (NMFT) Conference, held in Munich, highlighted global efforts to combat terror financing. India, a key participant since 2018, reiterated its commitment to strengthening international cooperation in fighting terrorism. The country emphasized the evolving threats posed by digital financial networks and cross-border transactions, calling for unified action against terror financing.

Key Highlights of India’s Participation

Concerns Raised by India

Terror financing increasingly involves cross-border fund flows and digital transactions.
Terrorists use complex and evolving financial methods to transfer assets.
The need for greater international cooperation to track and counter terror financing.

India’s Efforts to Combat Terror Financing

Legal and Institutional Measures

Strengthened the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), 1967 and Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA), 2002.
Terror Funding and Fake Currency (TFFC) Cell created under NIA.
Amendments to UAPA and NIA Act, 2019 enabling asset seizure, attachment, and forfeiture.

Enforcement and Intelligence Mechanisms

National Investigation Agency (NIA) introduced three new verticals focused on,

Cyber Terrorism
Explosive & Prohibited Arms
Human Trafficking
Fake Indian Currency Note Coordination Centre (FCORD) established to curb counterfeit currency.

Financial Sector Regulations

Reserve Bank of India (RBI) monitors financial ecosystem regulations.
Financial Intelligence Unit-India (FIU-IND) empowered to issue guidelines for detecting and reporting suspicious transactions.

Permanent Working Group on Terror Financing Identification established, including stakeholders from,

Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs)
Social Media Platforms
Instant Messaging & Crowdfunding Platforms

Addressing Virtual Digital Assets (Cryptocurrency) Risks

Virtual Digital Asset Service Providers (VDA SPs) brought under PMLA, 2002.
AML/CFT/CPF compliance mandatory for cryptocurrency firms.
Enhanced monitoring of transactions through risk assessment and Know Your Customer (KYC) requirements.

Technology-Driven Countermeasures

National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID) developed as an IT platform to support intelligence and law enforcement agencies.
Improved inter-agency coordination for real-time intelligence sharing.

Summary/Static	Details
Why in the news?	India’s Role in the 4th ‘No Money for Terror’ (NMFT) Conference
Conference Name	4th ‘No Money for Terror’ (NMFT) Conference
Location	Munich, Germany
India’s Key Concerns	Cross-border terror financing, digital financial threats, need for global cooperation
Legal Framework	UAPA (1967), PMLA (2002), Amendments in UAPA & NIA Act (2019)
Key Enforcement Bodies	NIA, FCORD, FIU-IND, RBI
New Vertical Focus Areas	Cyber Terrorism, Explosives & Prohibited Arms, Human Trafficking
Regulatory Actions on Crypto	VDA SPs brought under PMLA, AML/CFT compliance mandated
Technology Used	NATGRID for intelligence sharing, FIU-IND for financial monitoring
India’s Global Role	Active participant in NMFT since 2018, enhanced coordination for targeted enforcement

PM-YUVA 3.0 – Prime Minister’s Scheme for Mentoring Young Authors

The Ministry of Education, Department of Higher Education launched PM-YUVA 3.0 (Prime Minister’s Scheme for Mentoring Young Authors) on March 11, 2025. This initiative aims to train young and budding authors (below 30 years of age) to promote reading, writing, and book culture in India while projecting Indian literature on the global stage. The third edition follows the success of the first two editions, which saw participation in 22 Indian languages and English.

Introduction to PM-YUVA 3.0

PM-YUVA 3.0 (Young, Upcoming, and Versatile Authors) aligns with the Prime Minister’s vision of encouraging the youth to understand and appreciate India’s rich culture, heritage, and contributions of visionaries. The scheme is designed to nurture young literary talents, enabling them to write on key themes that define India’s progress and historical legacy.

Key Highlights:

Launch Date: March 11, 2025
Implementing Agency: National Book Trust (NBT), India, under the Ministry of Education
Target Audience: Young and budding authors below 30 years
Objective: To develop a new generation of writers focusing on India’s cultural and intellectual legacy
Languages: Books will be published in multiple Indian languages and English
Mentorship Period: June 30, 2025 – December 30, 2025
Platform for Selection: www.mygov.in

Objectives of PM-YUVA 3.0

1. Promoting Reading and Writing Culture

The scheme aims to instill a habit of reading and writing among the youth, encouraging them to engage with India’s history, culture, and heritage.

2. Encouraging Young Authors

By mentoring and guiding young writers, the initiative seeks to create a new literary ecosystem that represents India’s diverse perspectives and rich storytelling traditions.

3. Showcasing India’s Global Influence

Through this program, young authors will be able to articulate the contributions of the Indian diaspora and highlight India’s historical and contemporary progress on the world stage.

Themes of PM-YUVA 3.0

The third edition of PM-YUVA focuses on three major themes, each representing India’s evolving identity and global influence:

1) Contribution of Indian Diaspora in Nation Building

Highlights the political, economic, and socio-cultural contributions of the Indian diaspora.
Focuses on how Indians abroad have influenced their host countries while maintaining deep ties with India.

2) Indian Knowledge System

Emphasizes India’s ancient wisdom, scientific contributions, and philosophical traditions.
Showcases how India’s intellectual heritage has shaped global thought.

3) Makers of Modern India (1950-2025)

Chronicles the contributions of visionaries in various fields such as education, science, economy, and social empowerment.
Presents a comprehensive narrative of India’s post-independence journey.

Role of the National Book Trust (NBT), India

The National Book Trust (NBT), India, will execute the program phase-wise, ensuring structured mentorship and high-quality content creation.

Publishing and Translation: Books developed under this scheme will be published by NBT and translated into multiple Indian languages, fostering cultural exchange and linguistic diversity.
Literary Engagements: Selected young authors will have the opportunity to engage with esteemed writers, participate in literary festivals, and contribute to Indian literature.
National Camp: A National Camp for PM-YUVA 3.0 authors will be held during the New Delhi World Book Fair 2026.

Selection Process & Schedule

Stage	Details
Announcement of the Scheme	March 11, 2025
Application Period	March 11, 2025 – April 10, 2025 (via www.mygov.in)
Total Authors Selected	50 young authors
Selection per Theme	– Indian Diaspora: 10 authors \n – Indian Knowledge System: 20 authors \n – Makers of Modern India: 20 authors
Evaluation of Proposals	April 2025
Announcement of Selected Authors	May-June 2025
Mentorship Program	June 30, 2025 – December 30, 2025
National Camp (New Delhi World Book Fair 2026)	Early 2026

Impact and Significance

1. Empowering Youth for Nation-Building

With 66% of India’s population being youth, the scheme aims to harness their intellectual and creative potential for nation-building.

2. Alignment with NEP 2020

PM-YUVA 3.0 aligns with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which emphasizes empowering young minds and fostering leadership roles through education.

3. Cultural and Literary Exchange

By publishing books in multiple languages and fostering literary interactions, PM-YUVA 3.0 supports Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat, a vision promoting national integration through culture.

4. Global Recognition of Indian Literature

Through international collaborations and literary engagements, the scheme will help project Indian literature globally, giving Indian authors international exposure.

Summary of PM-YUVA 3.0

Aspect	Details
Scheme Name	PM-YUVA 3.0 (Young, Upcoming, and Versatile Authors)
Launch Date	March 11, 2025
Implementing Agency	National Book Trust (NBT), India
Target Audience	Authors below 30 years of age
Major Themes	1) Contribution of Indian Diaspora \n 2) Indian Knowledge System \n 3) Makers of Modern India (1950-2025)
Application Period	March 11, 2025 – April 10, 2025
Total Authors Selected	50
Mentorship Period	June 30, 2025 – December 30, 2025
National Camp	New Delhi World Book Fair 2026
Languages	Books published in multiple Indian languages and English

Which is the Largest Railway Station of Jharkhand? Know About It

Jharkhand, a state in eastern India, has a well-developed railway network that connects it to major cities across the country. One of its railway stations stands out as the largest, handling a huge number of passengers and goods every day. This station plays a key role in transportation, especially for coal and other essential goods, making it an important part of India’s railway system.

An Overview of Jharkhand

Jharkhand is a state in eastern India, known as the “land of forests.” It shares borders with West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Odisha. Ranchi is the capital, and Dumka is the sub-capital. The state is famous for waterfalls, hills and religious sites like Baidyanath Dham and Parasnath. It is mostly rural, with only 24% of people living in cities. Hindi is the official language.

Largest Railway Station of Jharkhand

The largest railway station in Jharkhand is Dhanbad Junction, which serves the city of Dhanbad. This station is one of the busiest in India, handling over 100 trains and more than 1 lakh passengers every day. It is also one of the Top 100 booking stations in Indian Railways.

Location and Importance of Dhanbad Junction

Dhanbad Junction is located in Dhanbad city, which is the headquarters of Dhanbad district. The city is also known as the Coal Capital of India because of its many coal mines. The station plays a major role in transporting coal, goods and passengers. It is also the headquarters of the Dhanbad Rail Division under the East Central Railway Zone.

History of Dhanbad Junction

Dhanbad Junction has a long history in Indian railways. The East Indian Railway Company extended its rail lines to Katrasgarh via Dhanbad in 1984. Later, the railway network was expanded for better coal transportation. In 1903, the Dhanbad-Pathardin section was also opened.

Facilities at Dhanbad Junction

Dhanbad Junction provides many facilities to passengers, including:

Waiting rooms
Computerized ticket booking system
Dormitory and retiring rooms
Cafeteria and food plaza
Bookshop and newspaper stalls
Lifts and escalators for easy movement
Free RailWire WiFi since November 21, 2016.

NASA’s Revolutionary Missions: SPHEREx and PUNCH Set to Redefine Space Exploration

NASA is preparing to launch two groundbreaking space missions, SPHEREx (Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization, and Ices Explorer) and PUNCH (Polarimeter to UNify the Corona and Heliosphere). These missions aim to unlock new insights into the universe’s origins, cosmic light, and the Sun’s outer atmosphere. Scheduled for launch aboard a SpaceX Falcon rocket, these observatories promise to provide never-before-seen details about space, marking a new era in astronomical research.

Mission	Purpose	Technology Used	Key Findings Expected
SPHEREx	Mapping cosmic light from the earliest galaxies	Infrared detectors	Insights into the Big Bang and cosmic history
PUNCH	Studying the Sun’s outer corona and solar wind	Polarimetric imaging	Understanding solar storms and space weather

SPHEREx: Unlocking the Universe’s Cosmic Glow

Introduction to SPHEREx

NASA’s SPHEREx mission is set to explore the entire sky in a way never done before. It is a $488 million space observatory designed to measure the total light from galaxies across cosmic history, including those formed shortly after the Big Bang. Unlike traditional telescopes that focus on individual celestial objects, SPHEREx will analyze the collective light of galaxies, giving a comprehensive view of the universe’s evolution.

How SPHEREx Works

SPHEREx will use advanced infrared detectors to map the sky with unprecedented clarity. The mission will:

Conduct four complete surveys of the sky over two years.
Orbit Earth at an altitude of 400 miles (640 km).
Identify the chemical makeup of interstellar ices and determine how water and organic molecules were distributed in the early solar system.
Measure the intensity of cosmic infrared background light to understand the formation of galaxies.

Unveiling the Aftermath of the Big Bang

According to mission scientist Jamie Bock, SPHEREx will examine the cosmological glow encompassing all light ever emitted throughout history. This mission will provide answers to some of the biggest questions in astrophysics:

What were the first galaxies like?
Why did the universe begin expanding so quickly after the Big Bang?
How did interstellar ices contribute to planetary formation?

The infrared mapping will generate a detailed, colorful picture of the universe’s origins, giving astronomers valuable data to decode the earliest moments of cosmic evolution.

PUNCH: Investigating the Sun’s Outer Atmosphere

Introduction to PUNCH

While SPHEREx focuses on deep space, PUNCH will explore the Sun’s outer corona and the solar wind. This mission will consist of four suitcase-sized satellites working together to study the transition of solar material from the Sun’s atmosphere into interplanetary space.

Objectives of PUNCH

PUNCH aims to:

Observe the Sun’s corona in detail.
Track solar wind and coronal mass ejections (CMEs).
Improve space weather forecasting, crucial for protecting satellites and astronauts.

The Technology Behind PUNCH

PUNCH will use polarimetric imaging to capture high-resolution images of the solar wind. These observations will provide a better understanding of how solar storms affect Earth’s magnetosphere and potentially disrupt GPS and communication networks.

Expected Discoveries from PUNCH

Scientists expect that PUNCH will revolutionize our understanding of the Sun-Earth connection by:

Providing continuous images of the solar wind and tracking its motion.
Enhancing predictions of space weather events.
Offering insights into how solar particles travel through space.

The Impact of SPHEREx and PUNCH on Space Research

Both missions are expected to transform modern astrophysics and heliophysics by providing detailed maps of the cosmic and solar environment.

SPHEREx will create the most comprehensive 3D map of the sky in infrared, helping scientists trace the history of galaxies.
PUNCH will provide real-time observations of solar winds, improving our ability to predict and mitigate space weather threats.

Summary of the News

Aspect	Details
Missions	SPHEREx and PUNCH
Objective	SPHEREx: Study cosmic light from early galaxies; PUNCH: Examine the Sun’s outer corona and solar wind
Launch Vehicle	SpaceX Falcon Rocket
SPHEREx Technology	Infrared detectors to map cosmic light
PUNCH Technology	Polarimetric imaging for solar wind observation
Significance	Provides insights into the universe’s evolution and improves space weather prediction
Expected Impact	Advances astrophysics, helps understand galaxy formation, and improves solar storm forecasting

INS Imphal Strengthens India-Mauritius Ties

India is set to enhance its maritime security cooperation with Mauritius through a white shipping agreement, marking a significant step in bilateral relations. This agreement, expected to be signed during Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Mauritius, will facilitate the exchange of commercial shipping information between the Indian and Mauritian navies and coast guards. Strengthening ties in the Western Indian Ocean is crucial amid increasing Chinese presence and shifting geopolitical dynamics.

Key Highlights

Maritime Security Agreement

India and Mauritius are working on a white shipping agreement to share commercial shipping data.
The deal will enhance monitoring capabilities in the Western Indian Ocean.
It aims to improve maritime security and cooperation between both nations.

INS Imphal’s Participation in Mauritius’ National Day

Indian warship INS Imphal made its maiden port call to Mauritius on March 10, 2025.
It will participate in Mauritius’ National Day celebrations on March 12, with PM Modi as the chief guest.
INS Imphal will engage in joint surveillance and exercises with the Mauritius Coast Guard (MCGS) ships.

Strategic Importance of India-Mauritius Relations

The agreement aligns with India’s SAGAR (Security and Growth for All in the Region) policy, launched in 2015.
India has supported Mauritius’ sovereignty over the Chagos archipelago, a region still under UK control.
India has helped Mauritius develop airstrips and infrastructure on Agalega Island.
Amid China’s growing naval presence, India seeks stronger strategic ties with Mauritius.

Geopolitical Context – Chagos Islands Dispute

Mauritius gained independence from the UK in 1968, but UK retains control over Chagos.
Diego Garcia, the largest island in Chagos, hosts a US military base since 1966.
A 2021 international tribunal ruled that the UK must return Chagos to Mauritius, but the UK intends to retain Diego Garcia.
India, which was caught off guard when Diego Garcia became a US base, now seeks a proactive role in regional security.

Summary/Static	Details
Why in the news?	INS Imphal Strengthens India-Mauritius Ties
Agreement Type	White Shipping Agreement
Purpose	Sharing commercial shipping data for maritime security
Participants	Indian & Mauritian Navies and Coast Guards
Strategic Importance	Enhancing security in the Western Indian Ocean
INS Imphal’s Role	Participating in Mauritius’ National Day (March 12) & joint exercises
India’s SAGAR Initiative	“Security and Growth for All in the Region” (Announced in 2015)
Chagos Islands Dispute	UK retains control, US operates a base on Diego Garcia
India’s Stance on Chagos	Supports Mauritius’ sovereignty over the region

Muthoot Microfin Wins Double Gold at SKOCH Awards 2025

Muthoot Microfin, a leading microfinance institution dedicated to empowering women entrepreneurs, has achieved a significant milestone by securing two prestigious Gold Awards at the SKOCH Awards 2025. These awards recognize the company’s outstanding contributions to digital financial inclusion and innovative insurance solutions, reinforcing its role as a key player in India’s microfinance sector.

The accolades were presented to Sadaf Sayeed, CEO of Muthoot Microfin, by Sameer Kochhar, Chairman of SKOCH Group, and Gursharan Dhanjal, Vice-Chairman of SKOCH Group, at a distinguished ceremony held in New Delhi.

Muthoot Microfin’s Achievements at SKOCH Awards 2025

Muthoot Microfin received two Gold Awards in recognition of its customer-centric digital initiatives and inclusive financial solutions:

1. Corporate Excellence – “Best Customer Application on Digital Financial Inclusion”

This award was conferred for Muthoot Microfin’s groundbreaking initiative, Mahila Mitra, a digital platform aimed at revolutionizing financial transactions for women in rural India.

With an impressive 1.73 million downloads and a 4.2-star rating, Mahila Mitra has significantly improved access to financial services for women entrepreneurs.
The application enables seamless and secure digital transactions, eliminating barriers to financial inclusion in remote areas.
This initiative reflects Muthoot Microfin’s commitment to leveraging technology for financial empowerment, ensuring that women have easy and convenient access to credit and other banking services.

2. BFSI Award – “Best Insurance Scheme”

Muthoot Microfin was also honored for its pioneering insurance initiative, the Griha Raksha Insurance Scheme.

The scheme has provided coverage to 2.66 million beneficiaries, offering a crucial safety net for financially vulnerable communities.
Griha Raksha reinforces the company’s mission of ensuring financial security and social empowerment for women and their families.
By bridging the protection gap, this initiative has enabled women entrepreneurs to focus on their businesses without the constant fear of financial instability due to unforeseen circumstances.

Muthoot Microfin’s Impact on Women Entrepreneurs

At the heart of Muthoot Microfin’s operations is its mission to empower women entrepreneurs, fostering economic self-sufficiency and inclusive growth. The company has been instrumental in:

Supporting 34.2 lakh women-led households, thereby positively impacting the lives of 1.4 crore Indians.
Driving financial literacy and digital adoption, ensuring that rural women can confidently manage their finances.
Providing microloans for income-generating activities, enabling women to start and expand their businesses.

Through these initiatives, Muthoot Microfin is not just offering financial services but building a stronger, self-reliant India by empowering women at the grassroots level.

The Significance of SKOCH Awards

The SKOCH Awards are among the most prestigious independent honors in governance, finance, and inclusive development in India. These awards recognize organizations that demonstrate exceptional innovation, efficiency, and impact in their respective fields.

Winning two Gold Awards at the SKOCH Awards 2025 further cements Muthoot Microfin’s position as a leader in the microfinance industry, highlighting its contributions towards digital transformation and financial security for millions of women across the country.

About Muthoot Microfin Ltd.

Muthoot Microfin Ltd. is a part of the renowned Muthoot Pappachan Group (Muthoot Blue) and is one of India’s leading listed Microfinance Institutions (MFIs). The company carries forward a 138+ year-old legacy built on the principles of integrity, collaboration, and excellence.

Key Highlights of Muthoot Microfin

Focuses on financial inclusion, especially for women in rural and semi-urban areas.
Provides micro loans to women engaged in small businesses to promote entrepreneurship and economic self-reliance.
Serves 3.42 million active customers through a robust network of 1,651 branches across 20 states and 379 districts.
Holds a Gross Loan Portfolio (GLP) of ₹12,404.9 crore as of December 31, 2024.
Part of the S&P BSE Financial Services Index, reinforcing its credibility and market presence.

Summary of the News

Category	Details
Why in News?	Muthoot Microfin won two Gold Awards at the SKOCH Awards 2025 for excellence in digital financial inclusion and insurance solutions.
Awards Won	1. Corporate Excellence – “Best Customer Application on Digital Financial Inclusion” for the Mahila Mitra initiative. 2. BFSI Award – “Best Insurance Scheme” for the Griha Raksha Insurance Scheme.
Significance of Mahila Mitra	– 1.73 million downloads, 4.2-star rating. – Enhances financial inclusion by enabling secure digital transactions for women in rural India.
Significance of Griha Raksha Insurance Scheme	– Provides insurance coverage to 2.66 million beneficiaries. – Ensures financial security and social empowerment for rural women and their families.
CEO’s Statement	Sadaf Sayeed, CEO of Muthoot Microfin, stated that these awards recognize the company’s efforts in bridging the financial inclusion gap for women.
Impact on Women Entrepreneurs	– Enabled 34.2 lakh women-led households. – Positively impacted 1.4 crore Indians. – Supports women with microloans for small businesses.
Significance of SKOCH Awards	Recognizes excellence in governance, finance, and inclusive development.
About Muthoot Microfin	– Part of Muthoot Pappachan Group (Muthoot Blue). – 3.42 million active customers. – 1,651 branches across 20 states and 379 districts. – Gross Loan Portfolio (GLP): ₹12,404.9 Cr (as of Dec 31, 2024). – Listed on S&P BSE Financial Services Index.
Commitment to Financial Inclusion	Provides quick, affordable, and hassle-free financial services to underserved communities, promoting entrepreneurship and financial independence.

Muthoot Microfin’s recognition at the SKOCH Awards 2025 highlights its leadership in microfinance and commitment to financial empowerment of women in India.

ICICI Bank Appoints Kamal Wali as Head of Security Operations

ICICI Bank has appointed Kamal Wali as the Head of its Security Operations Center, reinforcing its commitment to cybersecurity and risk mitigation. With over 18 years of experience in cybersecurity and IT operations, Kamal Wali will lead security strategies to strengthen the bank’s digital infrastructure. His appointment highlights ICICI Bank’s proactive approach in safeguarding customer data and maintaining secure banking operations amid evolving cyber threats.

Key Highlights

Appointment: Kamal Wali has been named Head of Security Operations Center at ICICI Bank.

Role & Responsibilities

Overseeing security operations and risk mitigation strategies.
Strengthening cybersecurity infrastructure and digital resilience.
Enhancing data protection measures to ensure secure banking services.

Experience & Previous Roles

18+ years of experience in cybersecurity and IT operations.

Held leadership positions at,

Jio Platforms Limited
Wipro
IBM
Intex Technologies
Spanco Telesystems
Specialized in security frameworks, complex project implementation, and operational security strategies.

ICICI Bank’s Cybersecurity Focus

Strengthening cybersecurity in response to rising digital threats.
Ensuring robust security for customer transactions and data.
Reinforcing trust and confidence in the bank’s digital infrastructure.

Summary/Static	Details
Why in the news?	ICICI Bank Appoints Kamal Wali as Head of Security Operations
Appointed Person	Kamal Wali
New Role	Head of Security Operations Center, ICICI Bank
Experience	18+ years in cybersecurity & IT operations
Past Organizations	Jio Platforms, Wipro, IBM, Intex, Spanco Telesystems
Key Responsibilities	Strengthening cybersecurity, risk mitigation, data protection
ICICI Bank’s Focus	Enhancing digital security & ensuring customer trust

IIFL Finance Launches ‘Shakti’ All-Women Branches on Women’s Day

IIFL Finance, one of India’s leading non-banking financial companies (NBFCs), has rebranded seven of its existing branches as all-women staffed ‘Shakti’ branches to mark Women’s Day. These branches, located in the Delhi National Capital Region (NCR) and Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR), aim to empower women in the financial services sector by promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion. The initiative highlights IIFL Finance’s commitment to supporting women entrepreneurs and advancing financial literacy among underserved communities.

Key Highlights

About ‘Shakti’ Branches

Seven existing IIFL Finance branches have been rebranded as ‘Shakti’ branches.
These branches are located across Delhi NCR and MMR.
Staffed entirely by women professionals.
Aim to promote gender diversity and create employment opportunities for women in financial services.

Objectives of the Initiative

Provide financial services to all borrowers, with a special focus on women entrepreneurs.
Offer financial literacy programs designed for female business owners.
Conduct skill development programs to help women scale their businesses.
Strengthen financial inclusion for small, unbanked, and underbanked borrowers.

Significance of the Initiative

Recognizes the contribution of women entrepreneurs to India’s economy.
Enhances gender diversity and inclusion within the financial sector.
Supports women’s empowerment through access to financial resources and training.
Aligns with IIFL Finance’s goal of serving millions of underserved customers across India.

Summary/Static	Details
Why in the news?	IIFL Finance Launches ‘Shakti’ All-Women Branches on Women’s Day
Initiative	Rebranding of seven IIFL Finance branches as ‘Shakti’ branches
Location	Delhi NCR and Mumbai Metropolitan Region
Staffing	Fully staffed by women professionals
Objective	Promote gender diversity, financial inclusion, and women’s empowerment
Services Offered	Financial literacy programs, skill development for women entrepreneurs, credit access for small businesses
Target Audience	All borrowers, with a special focus on women entrepreneurs and underserved communities
Significance	Supports women’s economic empowerment and enhances financial inclusion in India

Holi and Its Connection to Lord Krishna, Prahlad and Radha Rani

Holi is a famous festival of colors celebrated in India with great joy. It marks the victory of good over evil and the arrival of spring. People play with colors, sing, dance and enjoy sweets. Holi has deep connections with Hindu mythology, especially with Lord Krishna, Prahlad and Radha Rani. Each of them adds a unique story to the meaning of this festival.

Lord Krishna’s Connection to Holi

When Lord Krishna was young, he was very playful and loved to have fun. However, he was sad because Radha had a fair complexion while he had a dark one. One day, he went to his mother, Yashoda and asked why Radha was so fair and he was not.

To cheer him up, Yashoda playfully suggested that he could not color Radha’s face with any color he wanted. Excited by the idea, Krishna ran to Radha and smeared her face with colors to make her look like him. This fun moment became a tradition, and people started playing with colors on Holi. Even today, Holi is celebrated with gulal (colored powder) in memory of Radha and Krishna’s love and playfulness.

Latthmar Holi – Radha’s Playful Revenge on Krishna

Another unique Holi tradition is Latthmar Holi, which is celebrated in Barsana, Radha’s hometown.

According to the story, Krishna once visited Barsana to play Holi with Radha and her friends. Being mischievous, he teased them a lot. Radha and her friends got annoyed and decided to teach them him a lesson. They chased Krishna with sticks (lathis), while Krishna tried to protect himself with a shield.

Even today, this tradition continues. The men from Krishna’s village, Nandgaon, visit Barsana and the women playfully hit them with sticks. It is a fun and exciting event enjoyed by thousands of people every year.

The Story of Prahlad and Holika

The name “Holi” comes from the story of Prahlad and Holika.

Long ago, there was a powerful demon king named Hiranyakashipu. He wanted everyone to worship him instead of God. But his own son, Prahlad, was a great devotee of Lord Vishnu. This made Hiranyakashipu very angry, and he decided to kill Prahlad.

After many failed attempts, he asked his sister Holika for help. She had a special power – she could sit in fire without getting burned. Hiranyakashipu told her to sit in a fire with Prahlad on her lap, hoping that Prahlad would burn.

But something amazing happened! Prahlad kept praying to Lord Vishnu, and the fire did not harm him. Instead, Holika was burned to ashes. This event showed that good always wins over evil.

Since then, the festival was named Holi and people celebrate Holika Dahan (bonfire night) before playing with colors. This ritual reminds us that truth and goodness will always win.

Holi, A Celebration of Joy and Togetherness

Holi is not just about colors; it is about love, friendship and the victory of good over evil. The stories of Lord Krishna, Radha Rani and Prahlad make Holi even more special. Every year, people across India and the world celebrate Holi with happiness, laughter and colors.

India Becomes the Top Source of FDI into Dubai

India has emerged as the leading source of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) into Dubai, surpassing the United States, France, and the United Kingdom in 2024. Dubai retained its position as the world’s top destination for Greenfield FDI projects for the fourth consecutive year, as per Financial Times Ltd.’s ‘fDi Markets’ data. The city’s business-friendly environment, tax policies, and infrastructure have attracted a surge in investments and talent, making it a global hub for foreign investments.

Key Highlights

India’s FDI Dominance

India accounted for 21.5% of total FDI into Dubai in 2024, surpassing the U.S. (13.7%), France (11%), the U.K. (10%), and Switzerland (6.9%).

Dubai’s FDI Growth in 2024

Dubai attracted AED 52.3 billion ($14.24 billion) in FDI, marking a 33.2% increase from AED 39.26 billion ($10.69 billion) in 2023.
The city saw a record 1,117 Greenfield FDI projects, the highest in its history.
The total number of announced FDI projects reached 1,826, an 11% increase from 2023.
FDI-generated jobs surged by 31% to 58,680, up from 44,745 in 2023.

Dubai’s Global & Regional Rankings

Ranked No.1 globally in Greenfield FDI projects.
Ranked No.4 globally for attracting Greenfield FDI capital, improving from the 5th position in 2023.
Top in the Middle East and Africa (MEA) region for Greenfield FDI projects, capital, and jobs.
No.1 globally in attracting Headquarter (HQ) FDI projects for the third consecutive year, with 50 HQ projects in 2024.

Key Investment Sectors in Dubai

Business services
Software and IT services
Real estate
Transportation and warehousing
Financial services
Industrial equipment
Consumer products
Communications
Artificial intelligence (AI)
Advanced Information Technologies (AIT)
Dubai’s share in global FDI for AIT rose from 7.3% in 2023 to 8% in 2024.

Dubai’s Economic Vision & Investor Confidence:

Strong leadership under His Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President & Prime Minister of the UAE, and Ruler of Dubai.
Growth driven by public-private partnerships and the Dubai Economic Agenda (D33).
Focus on innovation, startup incubation, digital infrastructure, and cost-effective energy solutions.
Strategic global partnerships enhancing Dubai’s appeal for investors.

Summary/Static	Details
Why in the news?	India Becomes the Top Source of FDI into Dubai
Top FDI Source (2024)	India (21.5%), followed by U.S. (13.7%), France (11%), U.K. (10%), and Switzerland (6.9%).
Total FDI Capital (2024)	AED 52.3 billion ($14.24 billion), a 33.2% increase from 2023.
Greenfield FDI Projects (2024)	1,117 projects, highest in Dubai’s history.
Total FDI Projects (2024)	1,826 projects, an 11% increase from 2023.
FDI-Generated Jobs	58,680 jobs, up 31% from 44,745 in 2023.
Dubai’s Global Ranking	No.1 for Greenfield FDI projects, No.4 for FDI capital.
Dubai’s MEA Ranking	No.1 in Greenfield FDI projects, capital, and jobs.
Headquarter (HQ)	FDI Projects No.1 globally for the 3rd year with 50 HQ projects in 2024.
Key Sectors	Attracting FDI IT services, business services, AI, real estate, finance, industrial equipment, consumer products.
Dubai’s Global AIT FDI Share	Increased from 7.3% in 2023 to 8% in 2024.