Paris Olympics 2024 Medal Tally, India Medal Tally in Olympics

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Paris Olympics 2024 Medal Tally, India Medal Tally in Olympics

Paris Olympics 2024 Medal Tally

China’s Liu Yukun won a gold medal, helping China stay at the top of the medal table. France is in second place, and Japan is in third. This is the 33rd Summer Olympics. It started on Friday and will end on August 11. The Paris Olympics has 32 sports. These include 28 main sports, plus some newer ones like breakdancing, skateboarding, surfing, and sports climbing. India won its third medal in the Paris 2024 Olympics. Swapnil Kusale got a bronze medal in the men’s 50m rifle 3 positions event. This happened in Chateauroux on Thursday.

Paris Olympics 2024 Medal Tally (Full List)

China leads with the most gold medals (11), but the United States has the highest total medal count (31). The top 5 countries by gold medals are China, France, Japan, Australia, and the United States.

Rank	Country	Gold	Silver	Bronze	Total
1	China	11	7	3	21
2	France	8	10	8	26
3	Japan	8	3	4	15
4	Australia	7	6	4	17
5	United States of America	6	13	12	31
6	Great Britain	6	7	7	20
7	South Korea	6	3	3	12
8	Italy	3	6	4	13
9	Canada	2	2	3	7
10	Germany	2	2	2	6
11	Netherlands	2	2	1	5
11	New Zealand	2	2	1	5
13	Romania	2	1	1	4
14	Hong Kong	2	0	2	4
15	Sweden	1	1	2	4
16	Georgia	1	1	0	2
17	Belgium	1	0	2	3
17	Ireland	1	0	2	3
17	Kazakhstan	1	0	2	3
17	South Africa	1	0	2	3
21	Croatia	1	0	1	2
21	Guatemala	1	0	1	2
23	Argentina	1	0	0	1
23	Azerbaijan	1	0	0	1
23	Ecuador	1	0	0	1
23	Serbia	1	0	0	1
23	Slovenia	1	0	0	1
23	Uzbekistan	1	0	0	1
29	Brazil	0	2	3	5
30	Hungary	0	2	1	3
31	North Korea	0	2	0	2
32	Poland	0	1	2	3
32	Spain	0	1	2	3
34	Kosovo	0	1	1	2
34	Mexico	0	1	1	2
34	Switzerland	0	1	1	2
34	Turkey	0	1	1	2
34	Ukraine	0	1	1	2
39	Fiji	0	1	0	1
39	Mongolia	0	1	0	1
39	Tunisia	0	1	0	1
42	India	0	0	3	3
43	Moldova	0	0	2	2
44	Austria	0	0	1	1
44	Egypt	0	0	1	1
44	Greece	0	0	1	1
44	Slovakia	0	0	1	1
44	Tajikistan	0	0	1	1

Updated 01-08-2024

US Election Results 2024: Date, Time and Parties Name

The United States is gearing up for one of the most significant political events of the decade: the 2024 presidential election. Set to take place on Tuesday, November 5, 2024, this high-stakes election has already drawn worldwide attention as Americans prepare to cast their votes for the country’s next leader. This election will be a contest between two influential figures: Vice President Kamala Harris and former President Donald Trump. Both campaigns have intensified, particularly in critical battleground states, making this election one of the most anticipated political events globally.

US Presidential Election 2024: Date and time in India

Polling stations across the US will open between 7:00 am and 9:00 am local time on Tuesday, translating to 4:30 pm to 9:30 pm IST (Indian Standard Time), accounting for the different time zones in the country. Most stations will close between 6:00 pm and midnight eastern time, with results expected to start trickling in once polls begin to close around 6:00 pm Eastern Time (4:30 am Wednesday in India).

US Presidential Election 2024: When will results be announced?

While the counting of votes should begin by 4:30 am IST Wednesday, it could take days for the final result to be announced, especially in the case of a tight race. Counting will also include in-mail ballot votes which are already in. In 2020, the US Presidential elections took place on November 3, but Joe Biden was not declared winner till November 7.

The Historical Tradition of US Election Day

Federal elections in the United States are held on the first Tuesday of November every four years, a practice that dates back to 1845. This tradition was established by Congress at a time when the US was primarily an agrarian society. Holding elections in early November allowed farmers and workers to complete their autumn harvest before traveling, often over long distances, to polling stations.

November was seen as an optimal time, as harsh winter conditions hadn’t set in yet, and the peak agricultural period had ended. Tuesday was chosen to accommodate religious practices; Sunday, being a day of worship for many, meant that citizens needed Monday to travel, making Tuesday a convenient choice. This tradition has withstood the test of time and continues to be observed.

2024 Election Candidates: Kamala Harris and Donald Trump

This year’s election will see Kamala Harris and Donald Trump face off in a contest that could reshape the American political landscape. Vice President Harris, a key figure in the current administration, has focused her campaign on issues like climate change, healthcare access, and social justice reforms. As the first woman and person of color to serve as Vice President, Harris has inspired millions and brought new perspectives to the executive branch.

On the other hand, former President Donald Trump has also garnered substantial support, particularly among conservative voters. Trump, who previously held the office from 2017 to 2021, emphasizes a return to policies focusing on economic reform, immigration control, and a strong stance on national security. With both candidates representing sharply contrasting visions for America, the stakes of this election are particularly high.

Cairn Joins UNEP’s OGMP 2.0 as India’s First Oil & Gas Pioneer

Cairn Oil & Gas, a part of Vedanta Group, has become the first oil and gas producer in India to join the United Nations Environment Programme’s Oil & Gas Methane Partnership (OGMP) 2.0. By signing this agreement, Cairn committed to reducing methane emissions effectively, marking a significant step towards environmental sustainability in the oil and gas sector.

Key Highlights

MoU Signed with OGMP 2.0

Cairn has signed an MoU with UNEP’s flagship methane reporting and mitigation initiative, OGMP 2.0.
Through this partnership, Cairn aims to implement effective strategies for methane emissions reduction.

India’s First Oil & Gas Producer in OGMP 2.0

Cairn is the first oil and gas company in India to join this global initiative.
This move is set to inspire other companies in the country’s oil and gas sector to adopt methane management practices.

About OGMP 2.0

Comprehensive Emissions Management Framework

OGMP 2.0 offers a robust framework with best practices for emissions management and a reporting system that emphasizes Measurement, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) of methane emissions.
The initiative aims to improve the accuracy and quality of emissions data.

Global Reach

OGMP 2.0 currently covers over 40% of global oil and gas production.
This widespread reach encourages companies globally to focus on methane reduction and aligns with the goals of the Paris Agreement and the Global Methane Pledge.

Cairn’s Commitments and Goals

5-Year Methane Reduction Target

Under the MoU, Cairn will set a 5-year target for methane reduction.
Progress will be reported transparently to OGMP, allowing Cairn to monitor and cost-effectively mitigate emissions.

Net Zero Carbon Goal by 2030

Cairn’s membership in OGMP 2.0 aligns with its commitment to becoming Net Zero Carbon by 2030.
This early achievement in methane reduction supports Cairn’s broader environmental and sustainability goals.

Use of Data for Emission Analysis and Reduction

Cairn will leverage detailed emissions data to analyze its methane emission profile.
This data-driven approach will support more effective and targeted methane reduction strategies.

Statements from Key Leaders

Giulia Ferrini, OGMP 2.0 Programme Manager

Welcomed Cairn to the partnership, expressing hope that it would encourage other Indian companies to join and improve methane management practices.

Hitesh Vaid, Chief Financial Officer, Cairn Oil & Gas, Vedanta Ltd

Emphasized Cairn’s ESG strategy, which includes renewable energy, carbon capture, waste-to-energy projects, and nature-based carbon solutions.
Noted that OGMP 2.0 membership will help drive broader industry transformation toward responsible and sustainable energy practices.

Broader Implications

Support for Global Methane Pledge and Paris Agreement

OGMP 2.0 provides a science-backed framework for companies to demonstrate their progress toward methane reduction, in line with global climate goals.
The Global Methane Pledge, endorsed by over 150 countries, aims to reduce methane emissions by 30% by 2030.

United Nations Environment Programme

The UNEP is a leading global environmental authority established on 5th June 1972.

Functions

It sets the global environmental agenda, promotes sustainable development within the United Nations system, and serves as an authoritative advocate for global environment protection.

Major Reports

Emission Gap Report, Adaptation Gap Report, Global Environment Outlook, Frontiers, Invest into Healthy Planet.

Headquarters

Nairobi, Kenya.

Summary/Static	Details
Why in the news?	Cairn Oil & Gas, a part of Vedanta Group, has become the first oil and gas producer in India to join the United Nations Environment Programme’s (UNEP) Oil & Gas Methane Partnership (OGMP) 2.0. Cairn has signed an MoU with UNEP’s flagship methane reporting and mitigation initiative, OGMP 2.0. Cairn is the first oil and gas company in India to join this global initiative. Cairn’s Commitments and Goals 5-Year Methane Reduction Target Under the MoU, Cairn will set a 5-year target for methane reduction. Cairn’s membership in OGMP 2.0 aligns with its commitment to becoming Net Zero Carbon by 2030.
UNEP	Established on 5th June 1972.
UNEP HQ	Nairobi, Kenya

Kemi Badenoch: A Historic Rise as Conservative Party Leader and UK Opposition Chief

Kemi Badenoch, 44, made history on November 2 as the first Black woman to lead the UK’s Conservative Party, succeeding Rishi Sunak, Britain’s first British Indian party leader. Following Sunak’s resignation after the Conservatives’ electoral defeat in July, Badenoch won the leadership race, defeating former minister Robert Jenrick by securing 53,806 votes out of a turnout of 72.8% among Conservative Party members.

Badenoch’s journey reflects her commitment to conservative values and her distinct, sometimes controversial, stances on critical social issues. This landmark election also signals a shift in UK politics, as Keir Starmer, the Labour Prime Minister, congratulated her as the nation’s first Black leader of a Westminster party. Here’s an in-depth look at Badenoch’s background, policy positions, and future goals:

From Nigeria to UK Parliament

Born Olukemi Olufunto Adegoke to Nigerian parents, Badenoch was raised in Lagos before moving to the UK at 16. She holds degrees in engineering and law, and prior to politics, she worked in IT and as a digital director at The Spectator. Her early experiences, especially on left-wing university campuses, solidified her conservative stance, leading her to join the Conservative Party in 2005 and eventually becoming MP for North West Essex in 2017.

Influence of Margaret Thatcher

Often compared to former PM Margaret Thatcher, Badenoch cites her as an inspiration, sharing values of self-reliance, personal responsibility, and free markets. While admired for her forthrightness, critics argue her approach lacks Thatcher’s depth on economic issues.

Stance on Gender and Trans Rights

Badenoch’s views on gender have drawn attention, especially during her tenure as Equalities Minister, where she opposed trans women’s access to women’s spaces. Identifying as a “Gender Critical feminist,” she defended her position on social media against actor David Tennant, advocating for women’s safety over inclusivity.

Opposition to Critical Race Theory

Badenoch gained notoriety for challenging Critical Race Theory (CRT) amid the 2020 Black Lives Matter protests, arguing that CRT promotes racial division and black victimhood. She described herself as an “anti-woke” politician, a stance that resonated with her conservative base but drew criticism from Labour MPs.

Views on Immigration

Badenoch’s views on immigration have evolved; once a proponent of skilled immigrant visas, she now emphasizes cultural compatibility, urging for controlled immigration. She argues that immigrants should align with British values and contribute actively to society.

Goals as Party Leader

Badenoch has pledged to reinvigorate the Conservative Party by returning to its core principles of freedom and responsibility, aiming to steer it away from Nigel Farage’s Reform UK influence. With the next general election set for 2029, she faces the challenge of restructuring the party and presenting a clear conservative vision to counter Labour’s agenda.

Here’s a table summarizing the key points from the article

Key Aspect	Details
Why in News	Kemi Badenoch was elected as the new leader of the UK Conservative Party, succeeding Rishi Sunak, and becoming the first Black woman to lead a major British party.
Election Details	Badenoch won against former Cabinet minister Robert Jenrick with 53,806 votes, marking a turnout of 72.8% from Conservative Party members. The leadership race followed Sunak’s resignation after a general election defeat in July.
Historical Significance	She is the first Black woman and first person of Nigerian heritage to lead the Conservative Party, which is seen as breaking a significant racial and gender barrier in British politics.
Background	Born in London and raised in Nigeria, Badenoch returned to the UK at age 16. She holds degrees in engineering and law and has worked in IT, consultancy, and served as digital director at The Spectator before entering politics.
Political Influence	Inspired by former PM Margaret Thatcher, Badenoch is known for her conservative values of self-reliance, personal responsibility, and free markets.
Views on Critical Race Theory	Strongly opposes Critical Race Theory (CRT), calling it divisive and a misrepresentation of black identity. She has positioned herself as an “anti-woke” politician, opposing CRT’s influence in education and government.
Stance on Immigration	Advocates for strict immigration policies, emphasizing cultural compatibility with British values. She was opposed to the FTA with India over demands for increased migration quotas.
Gender and Trans Rights	Known for her Gender Critical stance, she has opposed policies allowing self-identification of transgender identities, and advocated for women-only spaces and sports teams.
Future Goals for the Party	Pledged to return the Conservative Party to its “first principles” of freedom and responsibility, aiming to rebuild voter trust and prepare for the 2029 election. She also intends to steer voters back from Reform UK to the Tories.

Wriddhiman Saha Announces Retirement from All Forms of Cricket

Indian wicketkeeper-batter Wriddhiman Saha has officially announced his retirement from all formats of cricket, marking the end of an illustrious career that spanned nearly two decades. Saha shared the news via a social media post on Sunday (November), revealing that the ongoing Ranji Trophy season would be his last. Known for his exceptional wicketkeeping skills and steady presence with the bat, Saha has been a prominent figure in Indian cricket, especially in the Test arena.

A Distinguished Career in Test Cricket

Wriddhiman Saha made a name for himself as India’s first-choice wicketkeeper-batter in Test cricket following the retirement of the legendary MS Dhoni. Over the course of his career, Saha represented India in 40 Test matches and 9 One-Day Internationals (ODIs).

Test Record: In Tests, Saha scored a total of 1,353 runs, including three centuries.
Wicketkeeping Prowess: Known as one of the finest wicketkeepers globally, he ranks second among Indian keepers with the most centuries in Test cricket, trailing only behind MS Dhoni and Rishabh Pant (who hold the joint first position).

Saha’s consistency, especially behind the stumps, earned him accolades from cricketing experts worldwide. Many regard him as one of the best glovemen the game has seen, known for his agility and sharp reflexes.

The Decision to Retire

In his announcement, Saha disclosed that he had been contemplating retirement for a while and felt that the time had finally come. The veteran cricketer turned 40 last month, and although he continued to play at a high level, the wear and tear of a demanding career were apparent. Saha’s last appearance in a Test match came three years ago in 2021, against New Zealand. Despite his efforts in that series, the new team management, led by head coach Rahul Dravid and captain Rohit Sharma, chose to move forward with KS Bharat as Rishabh Pant’s backup, signaling an end to Saha’s role in the national setup.

Journey in Domestic Cricket: From Bengal to Tripura

Wriddhiman Saha’s domestic career began in 2007 when he made his First-Class debut for Bengal. Over 15 years, Saha established himself as a reliable presence in Bengal’s lineup. However, his journey with Bengal cricket took a turn in 2022 when a disagreement with the Cricket Association of Bengal (CAB) officials led to his departure from the team.

The dispute stemmed from comments by a senior CAB official, who questioned Saha’s commitment to Bengal cricket after he chose to opt out of the group stage of the Ranji Trophy for personal reasons. Saha reportedly felt disrespected, and despite efforts from coach Arun Lal to mediate, he distanced himself from the team, even exiting the Bengal team’s WhatsApp group. Former CAB chief Avishek Dalmiya tried to convince Saha to stay, but Saha ultimately decided to represent Tripura instead.

In Tripura, Saha took on the dual role of player-mentor, guiding the team to respectable performances in various domestic tournaments. His mentorship was highly valued, and he contributed both on and off the field, helping to raise the level of the team.

Summary of the News

Summary/Static

Details

Why in the news?

Indian wicketkeeper-batter Wriddhiman Saha has officially announced his retirement from all formats of cricket, marking the end of an illustrious career that spanned nearly two decades.

Records

Test Cricket Achievements

Played 40 Test matches for India, scoring 1,353 runs at an average of 29.41.
Registered 3 centuries and 6 half-centuries in Test cricket.
Inflicted 92 catches and 12 stumpings behind the stumps.
Became India’s first-choice wicketkeeper in Tests following MS Dhoni’s retirement in 2015.
Ranks third for the most centuries by an Indian wicketkeeper in Tests, behind Dhoni and Rishabh Pant.
Last appeared in international cricket in a Test match against New Zealand in 2021.

Indian Premier League (IPL) Journey

Played in every IPL season since its inception in 2008.
Represented multiple franchises: Kolkata Knight Riders, Chennai Super Kings, Punjab Kings, Sunrisers Hyderabad, and Gujarat Titans.
Was not retained by Gujarat Titans for the upcoming IPL season and has not registered for the mega auction.

Key IPL Milestones

First player to score a century in an IPL final: Scored 115 runs for Kings XI Punjab (now Punjab Kings) against Kolkata Knight Riders in the 2014 final, though his team lost.
Only other player to score a century in an IPL final is Shane Watson, who scored for Chennai Super Kings in 2018.
In the 2023 IPL final, scored 54 off 39 balls for Gujarat Titans against Chennai Super Kings, becoming the oldest batter (at 38 years and 217 days) to score a half-century in an IPL final.
Only player to achieve 50+ scores for two different teams in IPL finals.

Record as a Wicketkeeper in IPL

One of the only three wicketkeepers to achieve over 100 dismissals in IPL.
- Recorded 113 dismissals in IPL, with 87 catches and 26 stumpings.
- Only Dinesh Karthik (174) and MS Dhoni (190) are ahead of him in total IPL dismissals.

IPL and T20 Career Stats

Played 170 IPL matches, scoring 2,934 runs at an average of 24.25.
Maintained a strike rate of 127.57 with 13 fifties and 1 century.
Overall in T20 cricket, scored 4,655 runs in 255 matches at an average of 24.24, with 2 centuries and 24 fifties.
T20 wicketkeeping stats include 142 catches and 39 stumpings.

First-Class and List A Career

Played 138 First-Class matches, scoring 7,013 runs at an average of 41.74, with 14 centuries and 43 half-centuries.
- Contributed with 336 catches and 38 stumpings.
In List A cricket, scored 3,072 runs from 116 matches at an average of 40.42, with 3 centuries and 20 half-centuries.
- Recorded 138 catches and 18 stumpings in List A.
Played 9 ODIs for India, scoring 41 runs at an average of 13.66.

Today Top 10 Current Affairs 05 November 2024 Questions and Answers

The Daily Current Affairs Quiz which keeps you updated with the current events happening all around the world. Which is also helpful for students who are preparing for the competitive exams. This current affairs quiz helps to tackle the questions from the Current sections which is the demand of most of the SSC, Banking, State, Defense exams. So Attempting this quiz will be beneficial to fetch a good score in the examinations.

Questions

Q1. India Commits to ___ percent to Protected Areas in Updated Biodiversity Plan by 2030.

(a) 45%

(b) 50%

(d) 30%

Q2. 352nd International Labour Organization Governing Body Session Kicks in_____.

(a) London

(b) Geneva

(d) Paris

Q3. Coal India Limited celebrated its 50th Foundation day on which day?

(a) 2nd November

(b) 3rd November

(d) 4th November

Q4. Bali Padyami aka Bali Pratipada festival celebrated in which state?

(a) Karnataka

(b) Uttar Pradesh

(d) Odisha

Q5. Itaru Otani Appointed as Chairman of which Automobile Company in India?

(a) Suzuki India

(b) Yamaha Motors India

(d) Toyota India

Q6. Duma Boko has been the new President of which country?

(a) Congo

(b) Nigeria

(d) Botswana

Q7. World Tsunami Awareness Day observed annually on which day?

(a) November 4

(b) November 5

(d) November 6

Q8. Where is the headquarters of the International Labour Organization?

(a) Geneva, Switzerland

(b) Washington D.C., USA

(d) Copenhagen, Denmark

Q9. ISRO launches its analogue space mission in which place?

(a) Manali, Uttrakhand

(b) Chandigarh

(d) Sikkim

Q10. Where is the head office of ISRO?

(a) New Delhi

(b) Ahmedabad

(d) Bengaluru

Answers

S1. Ans. (d)

Sol. India has unveiled its updated National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) during the 16th UN Biodiversity Conference in Cali, Colombia, committing to protect at least 30% of its terrestrial, inland water, and coastal marine areas by 2030.

S2. Ans. (b)

Sol. The 352nd Governing Body meeting of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) is currently taking place in Geneva. This important gathering began on October 28 and will run until November 7.

S3. Ans. (c)

Sol. On 1st November, Coal India Limited celebrated its 50th Foundation Day.

S4. Ans. (a)

Sol. Bali Padyami or Bali Pratipada festival is celebrated on the fourth day after Diwali in the State of Karnataka.

S5. Ans. (b)

Sol. India Yamaha Motor has appointed Itaru Otani as its new Chairman, a significant move aimed at enhancing the company’s presence in India’s dynamic two-wheeler market.

S6. Ans. (d)

Sol. Duma Boko has been elected as a New President of Botswana.

S7. Ans. (b)

Sol. World Tsunami Awareness Day (WTAD) is observed every year on November 5 to promote tsunami awareness and preparedness worldwide.

S8. Ans. (a)

Sol. International Labour Organization headquarters located in Geneva, Switzerland.

S9. Ans. (c)

Sol. ISRO announced the launch of its analogue space mission in Leh, Ladakh.

S10. Ans. (d)

Sol. The Head office of ISRO is located in Bengaluru, Karnataka.

India, France Appointed President and Co-President of ISA For 2024-26

India and France have been elected as President and Co-President of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) for a two-year term from 2024 to 2026. India was the sole candidate for the presidency, while France won the co-presidency in a contest with Grenada.

Election Results

India was the sole candidate for the position of ISA President.
The Co-Presidency was contested between France and Grenada, with France emerging as the winner.

ISA Assembly Event

The Seventh Session of the ISA Assembly is underway at the Bharat Mandapam in New Delhi from 3 to 6th November, 2024.
Ministers and representatives from 29 countries are in attendance to discuss solar energy goals and initiatives.

India’s Role and Impact

Union Minister Pralhad Joshi, who is also the ISA President, emphasized that India’s election reflects its substantial contributions to global solar energy efforts.
Under the leadership of Prime Minister Modi, India has been advancing solar adoption and boosting investments in essential solar projects worldwide.

Future Ambitions

India and France, together with ISA member countries, aim to elevate ambitions in promoting solar energy and making a transformative impact globally.
The ISA leadership promises a decade of accelerated solar energy progress to benefit countries around the world.

Regional Vice Presidents and Vice Chairs

ISA has appointed eight Vice Presidents, two from each of its four geographical regions,

Africa: Ghana and Seychelles as Vice Presidents; South Sudan and Comoros as Vice Chairs.
Asia and the Pacific: Australia and Sri Lanka as Vice Presidents; United Arab Emirates and Papua New Guinea as Vice Chairs.
Europe and Others: Germany and Italy as Vice Presidents; Greece and Norway as Vice Chairs.
Latin America and the Caribbean: Grenada and Suriname as Vice Presidents; Jamaica and Haiti as Vice Chairs.

New Director General-Designate

Ashish Khanna has been named the Director General-Designate, set to assume office in March 2025 after Ajay Mathur’s term concludes.

ISA’s Mission and Investment Goals

The ISA, established in 2015 by India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi and France’s President François Hollande, seeks to mobilize over USD 1,000 billion by 2030 to support large-scale solar energy deployment.
Its objectives include scaling up solar energy, reducing the cost of solar power, and promoting innovation in solar technology through demand aggregation and capacity building.

ISA’s Role in Green Energy Transition

The ISA promotes renewable energy as a crucial solution for reducing dependence on fossil fuels.
Solar energy is increasingly seen as a key to global climate mitigation efforts, aligning with worldwide efforts to expand green energy sources.

ISA Demonstration Projects (Initiated in 2020)

Targeted at Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States (SIDS).
Aimed to showcase scalable solar technology applications and build member countries’ capacity to implement solar solutions.
Countries Benefiting from 11 Projects: Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cuba, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Mauritius, Samoa, Senegal, The Gambia, and Tonga.

Viability Gap Funding (VGF) Scheme

Proposed funding support between 10% and 35% of a solar project’s cost for LDCs and SIDS.
Countries self-identify solar projects eligible for grants, provided they secure 90% of the project’s total cost.

Background of India’s “Panchamrit” Pledge at COP26

Key Commitments for Climate Action

At the 2021 COP26 summit, India presented an ambitious “Panchamrit” pledge outlining its commitments to combat climate change. Here are the main goals,

500 GW Non-Fossil Fuel Capacity by 2030

India aims to achieve a total of 500 gigawatts (GW) of electricity capacity from non-fossil fuel sources by 2030.
This includes renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydro.

50% of Energy from Renewables by 2030

India plans to generate half of its total energy requirements from renewable sources by 2030.
This shift to renewables will reduce reliance on fossil fuels and lower greenhouse gas emissions.

Reduction of 1 Billion Tonnes in Emissions by 2030

India is committed to reducing its projected total emissions by 1 billion tonnes by 2030.
This target underscores India’s dedication to lowering its carbon footprint over the next decade.

45% Reduction in Emissions Intensity of GDP by 2030

India aims to decrease the emissions intensity of its GDP by 45% compared to 2005 levels by 2030.
This target reflects India’s goal of achieving economic growth with fewer emissions.

Achieving Net-Zero Emissions by 2070

India has set a target to reach net-zero emissions by 2070.
This commitment aligns with global efforts to limit temperature rise and mitigate climate change impacts.

Summary/Static	Details
Why in the news?	India, France elected President, Co-president of International Solar Alliance for 2 years from 2024-2026 Decision was taken at the 7th Session of ISA at Bharat Mandapam. Regional Vise Eight Vice Presidents appointed across four regions: Africa: Ghana and Seychelles (Vice Presidents); South Sudan and Comoros (Vice Chairs). Asia and the Pacific: Australia and Sri Lanka (Vice Presidents); UAE and Papua New Guinea (Vice Chairs). Europe and Others: Germany and Italy (Vice Presidents); Greece and Norway (Vice Chairs). Latin America and Caribbean: Grenada and Suriname (Vice Presidents); Jamaica and Haiti (Vice Chairs). Ashish Khanna appointed Director General-Designate, to assume office in March 2025 following Ajay Mathur’s term.
International Solar Alliance	Estd. in November 2015
ISA HQ	Gurugram, Haryana

DOS Full Form, Its Overview, History, Features, Advantages and Disadvantages

DOS stands for Disk Operating System. It is an operating system that was widely used in the 1980s and early 1990s, especially in its popular version, MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System). DOS allows users to interact with the computer through text commands typed on a command line. Although it is not used much today, DOS played an important role in the early days of personal computing and influenced later operating systems.

DOS Full Form

DOS stands for Disk Operating System, a software system that helps control and manage files on a computer. It provides a command line interface where users enter instructions in the form of text commands.

What is DOS?

DOS, or Disk Operating System, is an early operating system that allows users to manage files and run programs through text commands. Popular in the 1980s and early 1990s, especially with MS-DOS by Microsoft, it uses a command-line interface where users type instructions. DOS was efficient for single-user tasks but lacked multitasking and networking features.

History of DOS

Microsoft licensed DOS on July 27, 1981, and launched its first version, MS-DOS, in August 1981, designed for IBM computers. Over the years, new versions of MS-DOS were released, each adding more features. The final version, MS-DOS 6.22, came out in April 1994. In 1995, Windows 95 was released, which included MS-DOS 7.0 but mainly focused on a graphical interface.

Main Features of DOS

Here are the main features of DOS, Disk Operating System:

Efficient File Management: DOS allows easy management of files. Users can create, edit, and delete files with simple commands, making it a useful system for organizing files.
Command Line Interface: DOS provides a command prompt, where users can input commands to perform tasks. This interface allowed users to directly communicate with the computer.
Single-User System: DOS was designed for one user at a time. It can only be used by one person on a single computer at once.
Limited Storage: DOS has a maximum space limit of 2 GB, which was sufficient at the time but is very small by today’s standards.
16-Bit System: DOS is a 16-bit operating system, meaning it processes data in 16-bit chunks. This is slower than modern systems, which use 32-bit or 64-bit processing.

Advantages of DOS

Simple Commands: DOS commands are generally easy to remember and use, making it a straightforward system for beginners.
Free to Use: DOS can be installed for free, which makes it accessible for anyone who wants to learn basic computing.
Fast and Lightweight: DOS doesn’t require much space or processing power, so it can run on smaller machines. This also makes it boot up quickly.
Direct Access to Hardware: DOS allows users to directly access the BIOS (basic input/output system) calls, which lets them control hardware without extra software.
No Multitasking Overhead: Since DOS does not support multitasking, it uses fewer resources, making it faster for single tasks.

Disadvantages of DOS

No Multitasking: DOS does not allow multiple programs to run at the same time, so users can only work on one task at a time.
Limited Storage: DOS is limited to 2 GB of storage, which cannot be extended, a constraint for users with large files.
Single User Only: DOS cannot support multiple users, which limits its use in collaborative or multi-user environments.
No Networking Support: DOS does not support network connections, so it cannot connect to the internet or other computers directly.
Simple Graphics: DOS only has basic graphics capabilities, with no support for complex visual interfaces.

Common DOS Commands

Here are some basic commands used in DOS:

DIR: Displays the contents of a directory, showing all files and folders.
ERASE: Deletes files from the computer.
MOVE: Moves files from one directory to another, helping users organize their files.
EDIT: Launches a text editor for creating or editing simple text files.
CLS: Clears the screen of any previous commands, giving a fresh prompt.

Largest Jellyfish Species in the Ocean, List of Top-10

The ocean is home to some incredible creatures, and jellyfish are among the most fascinating. Known for their soft bodies, jellyfish come in many shapes and sizes. Some species grow to enormous sizes, making them the giants of the ocean. Here’s a look at the top-10 largest jellyfish species in the world’s oceans.

World’s Largest Jellyfish

The world’s largest jellyfish is the Lion’s Mane Jellyfish (Cyanea capillata), found in the cold waters of the Atlantic and northern Pacific Oceans. Its bell can grow over 7 feet wide, and its tentacles can reach an impressive 120 feet—longer than a blue whale! This jellyfish uses its many tentacles to catch small fish and plankton as it drifts along ocean currents.

Key Facts Related to World’s Largest Jellyfish

Here are some key facts about the world’s largest jellyfish, the Lion’s Mane Jellyfish:

Species: Lion’s Mane Jellyfish (Cyanea capillata), one of the largest known jellyfish species.
Habitat: Found in cold waters of the Arctic, northern Atlantic, and northern Pacific Oceans.
Size: Bell can reach 210 cm (7 ft) wide; tentacles up to 36.6 m (120 ft) long.
Unique Appearance: Known for long, flowing tentacles resembling a lion’s mane.
Life Cycle: Reproduces both sexually and asexually with four life stages.
Sting: Can sting humans, causing pain and redness; vinegar helps neutralize stings.
Predators: Eaten mainly by sea turtles, especially leatherback turtles.
Longest Animal: Among the longest animals in the world, surpassing even blue whales.
Pop Culture: Featured in “The Adventure of the Lion’s Mane” by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.
Common Names: Also called Arctic Red Jellyfish, Hair Jelly, and Sea Blubber.

Top-10 Largest Jellyfish Species in the Ocean

Lion’s Mane Jellyfish (Cyanea capillata), found in the cold waters of the Atlantic and northern Pacific Oceans, stands as the largest jellyfish species in the world, followed by Nomura’s Jellyfish, Pink Meanie and Stygomedusa gigantea.

Here is the list of top-10 largest jellyfish species in the ocean:

Top-10 Largest Jellyfish Species in the Ocean
Rank	Name	Scientific Name	Bell Size	Tentacle Length	Location	Key Facts
1.	Lion’s Mane	Cyanea capillata	7 feet	120 feet	Atlantic Ocean, northern Pacific Ocean	The largest known jellyfish, with up to 1,000 tentacles that capture prey with bioluminescent light.
2.	Nomura’s Jellyfish	Nemopilema nomurai	6 feet	6 feet	China, Japan	Weighing over 400 pounds, it disrupts fishing by becoming entangled in nets.
3.	Pink Meanie	Drymonema larsoni	3 feet	70 feet	Gulf of Mexico	Has over 200 stingers on average, and preys on other jellyfish.
4.	Stygomedusa gigantea	Stygomedusa gigantean	3 feet	No tentacles	Pacific Ocean	Found near ocean floor at 7,000 feet depth, it has four arms that can reach up to 30 feet.
5.	Sea Nettle	Chrysaora	3 feet	6 feet	Pacific Ocean (California, Hawaii, Japan)	The Black Sea Nettle is dark maroon and was the largest invertebrate species described in the 20th century.
6.	Tiburonia	Tiburonia granrojo	2.5 feet	No tenctacles	Monterey Bay, California	Known for its purple stripes, it often travels with crabs that eat its parasites.
7.	Purple Striped Jelly	Chrysaora colorata	2.3 feet	1 foot	Monterey Bay, California	Known for its purple stripes, it often travels with crabs that eat its parasites.
8.	Barrel Jellyfish	Rhizostoma pulmo	1.5 feet	8 inches	Irish Sea, Coastal UK	Also known as the “dustbin-lid fish,” it’s a favorite meal of the leatherback turtle.
9.	Venus’s Girdle	Cestum veneris	No bell	No tentacle	Mediterranean Sea	Appears as a translucent purple ribbon. It has small tentacles on one side and a mouth on the opposite side.
10.	Sea Wasp	Chironex fleckeri	20 inches	30 inches	South Pacific, Australia, New Zealand	Known as the most lethal jellyfish, causing over 65 human deaths.

Which District of Madhya Pradesh is Famous for Jai Vilas Palace?

Madhya Pradesh, located in central India, is known for its rich history and diverse culture. The state is famous for its stunning wildlife, ancient temples, and beautiful landscapes. With historical sites like Khajuraho and the wildlife parks of Kanha and Bandhavgarh, Madhya Pradesh offers a unique blend of nature and heritage for visitors to enjoy.

An Overview of Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh, which means ‘Central Province,’ is a state located in the middle of India. The capital city is Bhopal, and Indore is the largest city. Other important cities include Jabalpur and Gwalior. Madhya Pradesh is the second biggest state in India by area and the fifth largest by population, with over 72 million people living there. It shares borders with Uttar Pradesh to the northeast, Chhattisgarh to the east, Maharashtra to the south, Gujarat to the west, and Rajasthan to the northwest.

Number of Districts in Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh has a total of 55 districts, which are divided into 10 divisions. As of now, the state includes 55 district councils, 376 tehsils (sub-districts), 313 blocks, and 23,043 village councils. In addition, there are 18 city corporations, 100 town councils, and 264 town panchayats in the state.

Which District of Madhya Pradesh is famous for Jail Vilas Palace?

Jai Vilas Palace is a beautiful palace located in Gwalior, a city in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is one of the most popular tourist spots in Gwalior, attracting many visitors every year. The palace is known for its stunning architecture and royal history.

Historical Significance of Jai Vilas Palace

Jai Vilas Palace is a stunning palace located in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India. Built in 1874 by Maharaja Jayajirao Scindia during the British Raj, this palace showcases beautiful architecture and rich history. Today, it houses the Jiwajirao Scindia Museum, allowing visitors to explore its grandeur.

Architectural Features of Jai Vilas Palace

Jai Vilas Palace is known for its unique architectural design. The first floor is built in the Tuscan style, the second in Italian-Doric, and the third in Corinthian. One of the most impressive parts of the palace is the Durbar Hall, which is 30 meters long, 15 meters wide, and 12 meters high. The hall is beautifully decorated with gold furnishings, large carpets, and enormous chandeliers, making it a spectacular sight.

Unique Feature of Jai Vilas Palace

Jai Vilas Palace is filled with unique and unusual items, such as cut glass furniture and stuffed tigers. One interesting feature is the ladies-only swimming pool that even has a boat. The dining room displays a model silver train that carried brandy and cigars around the table, highlighting the opulence of royal dining.

Richest Man in India in November 2024, Ambani or Adani

Richest Man in India: Gautam Adani or Mukesh Ambani

India, one of the rapidly growing economies, boasts numerous billionaires who have made significant marks on the global financial landscape. Notably, Mukesh Ambani and Gautam Adani are prominent figures in this elite group, known for their immense wealth and influence in the business world. This article explores the lives, accomplishments, and business empires of the top 10 richest man in India as of November 2024, offering insights into their paths to success and their rise to billionaire status.

Top-10 Richest Men of India as of November 2024

According to the recent data, Mukesh Ambani with a net worth of $119.5 billion, stands as the richest man of India, followed by Gautam Adani, Savitri Jindal and Shiv Nadar.

Here is the list of top-10 richest men of India as of November 2024:

Top-10 Richest Men in India as of November 2024
Rank	Name	Net Worth (in US dollars)	Source of Wealth
1.	Mukesh Ambani	$119.5 B	Reliance Industries
2.	Gautam Adani	$116 B	Adani Group
3.	Savitri Jindal & Family	$43.6 B	JSW Group
4.	Shiv Nadar	$40.3 B	HCL Technologies Ltd.
5.	Dilip Shanghvi	$31.5 B	Sun Pharmaceutical Industries
6.	Kumar Mangalam Birla & family	$25.1 B	Aditya Birla Group
7.	Cyrus Poonawalla	$24.6 B	Serum Institute of India
8.	Radhakishan Damani & family	$21.9 B	Avenue Supermarts
9.	Kushal Pal Singh	$20.3 B	DLF Limited
10.	Ravi Jaipura	$17.2 B	Varun Beverages

Who is the Richest Man of India Mukesh Ambani or Gautam Adani?

Net worth: $119.5 billion

Age: 61 years

Source of wealth: Adani Group

Mukesh Ambani, with a remarkable net worth of $115.3 Billion, holds the title of the richest man of India as of November 2024. Mukesh Ambani, the Chairman and Managing Director of Reliance Industries, a huge company that makes over Rs. 8 lakh crore eacy year. As of now, Reliance Industries spans across various sectors, including petrochemicals, oil and gas, retail, and telecom. The Ambani family’s influence is also strong, with his three children—Akash, Anant, and Isha—overseeing different parts of this vast empire.

Second Richest Person of India – Gautam Adani

Gautam Adani, the chairman of the Adani Group based in Ahmedabad, is India’s second richest man with a net worth of $116 Billion His diversified conglomerate spans industries like ports, airports, power generation, green energy, edible oils, cement, and real estate. Adani is India’s largest airport operator and controls Mundra Port in Gujarat. In 2022, he became India’s second-largest cement producer after acquiring Holcim’s Indian assets for $10.5 billion.

India’s Third Richest Person- Savitri Jindal & Family

Age: 73 years

Net worth: Rs.314,000 crore

Source of wealth: O.P. Jindal Group

Savitri Devi Jindal, India’s third richest person, is a prominent Indian businesswoman and politician. She is the chairperson emerita of the O.P. Jindal Group and president of Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha. As of November 2024, the Jindal family’s net worth is around $40 billion, making her the third richest person in India.