Ladakh Now Home to 477 Snow Leopards: A Conservation Milestone

A recent landmark study under the Snow Leopard Population Assessment in India (SPAI) program has revealed that Ladakh is home to 477 snow leopards, making it one of the regions with the highest densities of these elusive big cats globally. This revelation marks a significant milestone in wildlife conservation and positions Ladakh as a premier eco-tourism destination, showcasing the resilience of high-altitude biodiversity.

Why in News?

The study, released in May 2025, is the first scientifically validated estimate of snow leopard numbers in Ladakh. Conducted under the SPAI program, the study is a joint effort by the Ladakh Forest Department, Wildlife Institute of India, Ministry of Environment, and Nature Conservation Foundation.

Key Highlights of the Study

• Total Snow Leopards in Ladakh: 477
• Percentage of India’s Snow Leopards in Ladakh: ~33%
• Total Assessed Area: 93,000 sq. km across India
• Methods Used: Camera traps, field surveys, and spatial modeling

Why Snow Leopards Thrive in Ladakh

• Topography: Rugged terrain, cliffs, and gorges ideal for stealth and hunting
• Elevation: Average height of 3,000 meters suits the snow leopard’s needs
• Prey Base: Himalayan ibex, blue sheep (bharal), and urial
• Low Human Interference: Minimal deforestation, mining, or industry
• Protected Zones: High densities in Hemis National Park, Changthang, Zanskar

Conservation and Eco-Tourism Impact

• Himalayan Homestays: Tourists stay with locals in snow leopard habitats
• Income for Locals: Homestays, guided treks, and community tourism support sustainable development
• Conflict Mitigation: Predator-proof livestock corrals, compensation schemes for herders

Concerns and Challenges

• Climate Change: Alters alpine ecosystems and shifts tree lines
• Tourism Pressure: Infrastructure development could disrupt habitats
• Need for Balance: Development must align with preservation