Uttarakhand, a beautiful state in northern India, is known for its stunning landscapes, towering mountains, and numerous rivers. Among these rivers, the Mahakali River stands out as the longest river in Uttarakhand, playing a crucial role in the state’s geography, culture, and economy.
An Overview of Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand, a state in northern India, borders Himachal Pradesh, Tibet, Nepal, and Uttar Pradesh. Formerly known as Uttaranchal, it covers 53,566 km² and is divided into Garhwal and Kumaon regions, with Dehradun as its capital and Nainital as the judicial capital. The state’s forest cover is 45.4%, and it houses the Ganges and Yamuna rivers, originating from the Gangotri and Yamunotri glaciers.
Longest River of Uttarakhand
The Sharda River, also known as the Kali River, is the longest river in Uttarakhand. Originating at Kalapani in the Himalayas at an elevation of 3,600 meters in Pithoragarh district, it flows along the India-Nepal border. The river eventually merges with the Ghaghra River, a tributary of the Ganges. The Sharda River is significant for its role in the region’s geography and infrastructure.
Origin of the Sharda or Mahakali River
The Sharda River originates at Kalapani in the Himalayas, at an elevation of 3,600 meters (11,800 feet) in the Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand. This location, nestled high in the mountains, marks the beginning of the river’s journey as it winds its way through the rugged terrain.
Course of Uttarakhand’s Longest River
Flowing along the western border of Nepal with India, the Sharda River traverses a basin area of 14,871 km². At Gunji, two streams unite to form what is known as the Kali River, which continues to flow through the hills. Upon reaching Brahmadev Mandi near Tanakpur, the river enters the Terai plains, where it is referred to as the Sharda River. Eventually, it joins the Ghaghra River, a major tributary of the Ganges.
Cultural and Religious Significance of Sharda River
The Sharda River, also known as the Mahakali River, holds deep cultural and religious significance in the regions it flows through. Named after the goddess Saraswati, revered as Śāradā, the river is considered sacred. It is central to various rituals and traditions, particularly in Uttarakhand, India, where it is believed to bless devotees with knowledge and spiritual enlightenment. The river’s association with divinity enriches the spiritual heritage of the area.
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